This book presents detailed findings about the ethical, legal, and social acceptance of robots in the German and European context. The key resource is the Bremen AI Delphi survey of scientists and politicians and a related population survey. The focus is on trust in robotic assistance, human willingness to use this assistance, and the expected personal well-being in human-robot interaction. Using recent data from Eurostat, the European Social Survey, and the Eurobarometer survey, the analysis is extended to Germany and the EU. The acceptance of robots in care and everyday life is viewed against their acceptance in other contexts of life and the scientific research. The book reports on how the probability of five complex future scenarios is evaluated by experts and politicians. These scenarios cover a broad range of topics, including the worst-case scenario of cutthroat competition for jobs, the wealth promise of AI, communication in human-robot interaction, robotic assistance, and ethical and legal conflicts. International economic competition alone will ensure that countries invest sustainably in the future technologies of AI and robots. But will these technologies also be accepted by the population? The book raises the core issue of how governments can gain the needed social, ethical, and user acceptance of AI and robots in everyday life. This highly topical book is of interest to researchers, professionals and policy makers working on various aspects of human-robot interaction.
Author(s): Uwe Engel
Series: SpringerBriefs In Sociology
Edition: 1
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2023
Language: English
Commentary: TruePDF
Pages: 137
Tags: Health; Medicine And Society; Medical Ethics; Artificial Intelligence; Social Policy; Robotics
Preface
Contents
Contributors
Chapter 1: Trustworthiness and Well-Being: The Ethical, Legal, and Social Challenge of Robotic Assistance
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Acceptance
1.2.1 Potential for Acceptance Meets Skepticism
1.2.2 The Closer to Humans, the Greater the Skepticism toward Robots
1.2.3 Respondents Find It Particularly Difficult to Imagine Conversations with Robots
1.2.4 Respondents Can Imagine Help with Household Chores and Care More Easily than Talks with Robots
1.2.5 Robotic Assistance in Care Is as Imaginable as Robotic Assistance with Household Chores
1.3 Trust in Robotic Assistance and Autonomous AI
1.3.1 Trust in the Integrity of Applicant Selection
1.3.2 Legal Advice
1.3.3 Algorithms
1.3.4 Self-Driving Cars
1.3.5 Patterns of Trust and Anticipated Use of Robotic Assistance
1.4 Accepting Robotic Assistance and Talking with Robots
1.5 Technical Innovation, Religion, and Human Values and the Tried and Tested as Elements of the Individual Self-Image
1.6 Feeling at Ease with Imagined Situations of Human-Robot Interaction
1.7 Trustworthiness and Well-Being in the Context of Robotic Assistance
Appendix
References
Chapter 2: Artificial Intelligence and the Labor Market: Expected Development and Ethical Concerns in the German and European ...
2.1 Introduction
2.2 AI and the Labor Market
2.2.1 The Competitive Delphi Scenario: Expert Views
2.2.2 AI and the Anticipated Standard of Living and Quality of Life: Population Views
2.2.3 Ethical Concerns
2.2.3.1 Regulation Mode and Trust in Institutions
2.2.3.2 Concerns that AI Could Lead to Discrimination
2.2.3.3 Concerns that AI Could Lead to Discrimination: the German Case
2.3 Trust in the State and Ethical Concerns of the Secured and Wealthy
Appendix
References
Chapter 3: The Bremen AI Delphi Study
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Sample and Survey Design
3.2.1 Delphi Survey of Scientists and Stakeholders
3.2.2 Population Survey
3.2.3 Fieldwork
3.3 Questionnaire Design
3.3.1 The Scenarios for the Reference Year of 2030
3.3.2 Assessing the Future Without Primary Experience
3.3.3 Randomized Sequence of Items
3.3.4 The Standard Response Scale
References
Chapter 4: The Challenge of Autonomy: What We Can Learn from Research on Robots Designed for Harsh Environments
4.1 Results of Delphi Study
4.2 Definition of Autonomy
4.3 Robots in Harsh Environments: Space and Underwater
4.4 Robots Supporting in Everyday Life
4.5 Competence for Autonomy
4.6 Conclusions: Establishing Trust Between Humans and Robots
References
Chapter 5: The Legal Challenge of Robotic Assistance
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Liability
5.3 Legal Personhood
5.4 Data Protection
5.5 Right to Human Contact
5.6 Challenges for Law and Ethics
Appendix
References
Chapter 6: Cognition-Enabled Robots Assist in Care and Everyday Life: Perspectives, Challenges, and Current Views and Insights
6.1 Robotic Assistants: Challenges, State of the Art, and Future Research
6.1.1 The Challenge of Manipulating the Physical World
6.1.2 State of the Art
6.1.3 Hybrid Knowledge Representation and Reasoning for Cognition-Enabled Robots
6.1.4 Everyday Activity Science and Engineering
6.2 Communication with Robots
6.2.1 The Challenge of Enabling Robotic Skills
6.2.2 Expected Robotic Skills and the Challenge of Communication with Robots
6.2.3 Correlates of Talk and Care with Pictures of Robots
References
Chapter 7: Ethical Challenges of Assistive Robotics in the Elderly Care: Review and Reflection
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Methodology
7.2.1 User Case Definition
7.2.2 Ethical Evaluation
7.3 Results
7.4 Discussion
7.5 Conclusion
References
