Road Vehicle Automation 10

Preface
Contents
Introduction: The Automated Road Transportation Symposium 2022
1 Overview
2 Keynote Talks
3 Plenary Panel Sessions
3.1 Real-World Automated Trucks: What It Takes to Integrate with Today’s Fleet Operations
3.2 Automated Transit Projects
3.3 State and Local Government Approaches to Regulating Automated Driving
3.4 Private Sector Perspectives on AV Public Policy
3.5 Implementation of SAE Automated Vehicle Safety Consortium (AVSC) Best Practices
3.6 Discussion of Primary Technology Challenges to Widespread Deployment of Automated Driving Systems
3.7 Building a Win/Win: AV/Infrastructure Collaboration
3.8 The Last Word: An Informed Discussion with Veteran Industry Journalists
4 Plenary Presentations
4.1 Presentations on Specific Topics
4.2 National and International Government Activities Relevant to Automated Driving
5 Breakout Sessions
5.1 ARTS22 Breakout Sessions
6 General Cross-Cutting Observations
6.1 Existing Trends that Accelerated Based on the COVID-19 Pandemic
6.2 New Themes and Topics of Interest
6.3 Public-Private Sector Interactions
Part I: Public Sector and Policy Activities
Towards Social Deployment of Automated Driving Systems – SIP-adus Activities in Japan –
1 Introduction of SIP-adus
1.1 SIP
1.2 SIP-adus
2 Establishment and Utilization of Traffic Environment Information and Field Operational Tests
2.1 The Field Operational Tests in the Tokyo Waterfront Area
2.2 Distribution of Traffic Signal Information
2.3 Distribution of Traffic Environment Information
3 Conclusions
4 Next Steps
4.1 The 3rd Phase of SIP
4.2 RoAD to the L4
References
Regulatory Framework and Safety Demonstration Principles in France
1 Introduction
1.1 Defining a Global Approach for the Development of Automated Road Mobility
1.2 Safety Demonstration as Main Pillar Supporting the Development of Automated Road Mobility
2 Regulatory Framework in France Relies on the Safety Principle
2.1 National Regulatory Framework for the Development of Automated Road Mobility
2.2 Safety Demonstration
3 Conclusions
References
Public Sector Integration of Connected and Automated Vehicles: Considerations, Benefits and Sharing Data Across Borders
1 Introduction
1.1 Background and Description of Non-technical Issues
2 Summary of the Discussion
2.1 Context and Scope
2.2 Recent Research and Trends
2.3 New Insights and Suggestions
3 Conclusions
4 Next Steps
References
Unscrambling the Automated Vehicle Policy Puzzle: AV Policy Development and Regulation in a New Normal
1 Introduction
2 Presentations on Federal Policy
2.1 A Status Update on Federal Rulemaking Projects Related to Automated Driving Systems
2.2 USDOT Perspective on Federal Policy and Initiatives
2.3 Industry Perspectives on Federal AV Policy
3 Presentations on State and Local Policy
3.1 Trenton MOVES
3.2 Improving Equity, Accessibility, and Environment Through Autonomous Vehicle Policy
3.3 AV Equity, Mobility, and Sustainability in Ohio
3.4 Equity and Mobility Through Nonprofit Community Based Volunteer Transportation
3.5 Audience Discussion
4 Conclusions and Next Steps
5 Glossary of Acronyms
References
Paradigm Shift Beyond Business-As-Usual for Automated Road Transportation to Contribute to Climate-Neutral Smart Cities
1 Introduction
2 Examples of Why a Paradigm Shift is Needed
2.1 Welfare Beyond GDP as a Starting Point for CCAM
2.2 Towards Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning
3 Summary of Dialogue at ARTS22 Workshop on Automated Road Technologies and Climate Change
3.1 Workshop Setup
3.2 Discission Insights and Suggestions
4 Conclusions and Next Steps
References
Enhancing Mobility with Automated Shuttles and Buses
1 Introduction
2 Examples of Automated Shuttle and Bus Pilots, Demonstrations, and Research
2.1 Autonomous Shuttle Pilots in Minnesota
2.2 I-STREET Living Lab and Autonomous Shuttles in Florida
2.3 Automated Shuttles and Buses for All Users Research Project, Texas a&M Transportation Institute
2.4 CTFastrak CAV Bus Project
2.5 CAVForth, Edinburgh Scotland
2.6 Federal Transit Administration Transit Bus Automation Research
3 Private Sector Activities with Automated Shuttles and Buses
4 Additional Research
References
Innovation Strategies and Research Trends for Connected, Cooperative and Automated Mobility in Europe
1 Introduction
2 Research and Innovation Strategies in Europe
3 Research Landscape in Europe (Stakeholder and/or Projects)
4 Conclusions and Outlook
References
Part II: Business Models and Operations
The Trip Characteristics of a Pilot Autonomous Vehicle Rider Program: Revealing Late Night Service Needs and Desired Increases in Service Quality, Reliability and Safety
1 Introduction
2 Background and Literature Review
3 Methods
4 Results
5 Discussion
6 Conclusions
References
Part III: Vehicle Technology Development and Testing
Surrogate Measures of Automated Vehicle Safety
1 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Safety Assessment
1.3 Measurements and Assessments
2 Near-Misses; Near-Crash Events
3 Existing Surrogate Measures
3.1 Historical Collision Statistics
3.2 Traffic Conflicts
3.3 Time-to-Collision (TTC)
3.4 Post-Encroachment Time (PET)
3.5 Responsibility-Sensitive Safety (RSS)
3.6 Instantaneous Safety Metric (ISM)
3.7 AV Control System Disengagements
3.8 Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)
4 Novel Surrogate Measure
4.1 Collision Hazard Measure (SHM)
5 Characteristics
5.1 Comparison of Surrogate Collision Hazard Measures
6 Conclusions
References
Introducing ODD-SAF: An Operational Design Domain Safety Assurance Framework for Automated Driving Systems
1 Introduction
1.1 The Importance of Appropriate ODD Taxonomy
1.2 Behaviour Competencies
1.3 Application of Rules of the Road
2 ODD-Based Safety Assurance Framework (ODD-SAF)
2.1 Behavioural Competencies and Scenarios Identification
2.2 Competencies and Scenarios Mapping: Functional to Concrete
2.3 Assumptions: Logical to Concrete Behavioural Competencies
2.4 Performance Evaluation
3 Conclusions
Annex I – Use-Case for Nominal, Critical and Failure Situations Mapping
References
Automated Vehicle Testing & Data Collection Efforts
1 Introduction
2 Summary of the Presentations
2.1 ADS Data Acquisition and Analytics Platform
2.2 Data Sharing Initiatives in the European Union
2.3 Harmonized CCAM Methodologies: HEADSTART and SUNRISE Projects
3 Conclusions
4 Next Steps
References
Part IV: Transport System Planning
Inconsistency of AV Impacts on Traffic Flow: Predictions in Literature
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review and Session Presentation Summary
2.1 AV Impacts with Simulation Experiments
2.2 Inconsistent Findings with Field Experiments
2.3 Advanced Modeling and Simulation Tools for AVs
3 Conclusions and Next Steps
References
Interactive Traffic Management for Highly Automated Vehicles
1 Introduction: Motivation and Objectives
2 Summary of the Discussion
2.1 CCAM (Meta) Taxonomies
2.2 Concept of Distributed ODD Attribute Value Awareness
2.3 Impact of CAVs on Traffic Flow
2.4 Codifying Traffic Rules for CAVs
2.5 Remote Monitoring and Support for CAVs
2.6 From Automating Vehicles to Automating Traffic
3 Conclusions and Future Needs
References
Author Index