This book written by Israeli scholars reflects the centrality of 'the Parting of the Ways', an issue of focal concern to the question where and when came into being the boundary line separating between Judaism and Christianity. It is reflective of the diversity within the research community in Israel, much like in the field of research worldwide.
Author(s): Dan Jaffé, Yaakov Teppler, Rivkah Nir
Series: Gods, Humans and Religions, 25
Publisher: Peter Lang
Year: 2021
Language: English
Pages: 368
City: Brussels
Cover
Copyright Information
Table of Contents
List of Contributors
About the Editors
Preface
Introduction
Typological Figures for Jesus
1 The ‘Christian’ Message of John the Baptist in the Synoptic Gospels (Rivka Nir)
The Christian Message of John the Baptist
Baptism and Repentance (Mark 1:4; Matthew 3:2, 11; Luke 3:3)
What Is This Kingdom of Heaven?
John’s Baptism Is a Christian Baptism
‘The One Who Is More Powerful than I Is Coming After Me’ – about Whom Does John Prophesy?
‘I Have Baptized You with Water, But He Will Baptize You with the Holy Spirit’ (Mark 1:8)
The Call to ‘Bear Fruit Worthy of Repentance’ – John’s Speeches in Matthew (3:7–10) and Luke (3:7–9, 16–17)
The ‘Coming Wrath’?
How, According to John, Is One to Flee from ‘the Wrath to Come’?
Against Who Is the Wrath Targeted?
The Fire of the Last Judgment
Baptism in Fire
Ethics and Society (Luke 3:10–14)
Concluding Comments
2 The New Jeremiah in the New Testament: Concerning Some Narrative Strategies in Luke (David (Dmitry) Kopeli)
3 Moses and Jesus as Bearers of God’s Logos in the Prologue of John and the Question of John’s Christology (Serge Ruzer)
Excursus
Conclusion
Jewish and Christian Identity
4 Would the Christian Paul Consider Himself a Jew? (Daniel R. Schwartz)
5 The Fiscus Judaicus: A Touchstone of Jewish (-Christian) Identity (Jonathan Bourgel)
The Fiscus Judaicus under the Reigns of Vespasian and Titus
The Administration of the Fiscus Judaicus under Domitian
Nerva’s Reform of the Fiscus Judaicus
The Interaction between Christianity and the Rabbis
6 Extra Ecclesiam nulla Salus Birkat ha-minim Reconsidered – Text and Context (Dan Jaffé)
State of Research
Rabbinic Sources
Is the Birkat ha-minim of Yavneh Origin?
The Question of minim
7 ‘Like Snake Venom’? The Rabbis and Christian Charity (Yael Wilfa)
Introduction
Texts and Methodology
Urbach’s Theory: Early Rabbinic Charity as a Response to Christian Charity
The Evidence
Tosefta Soṭah
Pesiqta de Rab Kahana
The Babylonian Talmud
Conclusion
8 Rabbi Hanina ben Dosa and his Hasidic Image in Light of Talmudic Tradition (Yerushalmi v. Bavli) (Menachem Ben Shalom)
Introduction and General Background to Research
Rabbi Hanina ben Dosa and His Hasidic Character
Sayings
• Halakhot and Deeds in the Social Realm
Fear of Sin
Prayer
A. yBerachot 5:1, 9a28
B. mBerakhot 5:5
C. bYebamot 121b50
Tithing
yDemai 1:3; 22a
bTa’anit 24b
Kohelet Rabbah 1:1
Sabbath Laws
Summary
Appendix
9 The Trial of Rabbi Eliezer ben Hyrcanus and the Parting of the Ways (Yaakov Teppler)
The Roman Concept of Political and Religious disturbances
The Messianic Challenge – Jesus and Christianity
Jews and Judaism in Roman Eyes after the Great Revolt
Jewish Sages in Rome
Rabban Gamaliel the 2nd and Rome
Rabbi Eliezer ben Hyrcanus
The Trial
Eliezer ben Hyrcanus vs. the Yavneh Leadership
The Trial from a Roman Perspective
The Function of the Trial’s Story within a Broader Framework
Conclusion
Early Christian Communities
10 Dating Anti-Christian Sources in the Babylonian Talmud (Barak S. Cohen)
Introduction
Late Babylonian Halakhic Traditions?
Analysis of Sugyot
Summary and Conclusions
Appendix
11 The Christian Community in Syria (110–180 CE): The Creation of ‘Syrian Christianity’ (Ben Zion Rosenfeld, Arie Levene)
Syrian Christians in Turmoil (110–150 CE): Historical Background
On the Edge of a Turning Point: 150–180 CE
A Turning Point
Conclusion
12 Were the Early Christians Sectarians?: Searching for Sectarianism in the New Testament (Eyal Regev)
The Sect Model in New Testament Scholarship: A Critical Appraisal
The Absence of a Social-Scientific Model (Free/Common Use of the Term ‘sect’)
Troeltsch’s Church-Sect Model
Scroggs’ Use of Werner Stark
Wilson’s Sect Model(s)
Stark & Bainbridge’s Model
The Lack of Sectarian Characteristics in Early Christianity
Social Separation
General Observations
Matthew63
John
James
Paul’s Letters
Early Rabbinic Literature
Prerequisites, Discipline and Sanctions
Social Organization: Name, Leaders, Institutions
Comparisons with the Qumran Sects and the Essenes
Conclusions
Series Index
