Most books devoted to the theory of the integral have ignored the nonabsolute integrals, despite the fact that the journal literature relating to these has become richer and richer. The aim of this monograph is to fill this gap, to perform a study on the large number of classes of real functions which have been introduced in this context, and to illustrate them with many examples. This book reports on some recent advances in the theory of real functions and can serve as a textbook for a course in the subject, and to stimulate further research in this exciting field.