This book describes a simple yet innovative method for performing Raman spectroscopy of samples submerged under liquid nitrogen. While Raman spectroscopy has proven to be a powerful tool for the characterization of the structure of matter in the gaseous, liquid, and solid phases, one major difficulty in its application has been laser damage to the material under investigation, especially for biological samples. This book demonstrates how immersion of the sample in liquid nitrogen protects the sample from thermal degradation and oxidation at high incident laser power and allows improvements in sensitivity and spectral resolution over room-temperature Raman spectroscopy, leading to the so-called RUN (Raman Spectroscopy Under liquid Nitrogen) technique. Cooling to liquid nitrogen temperature also allows the selection of the lowest energy molecular conformation for molecules which may have many low energy conformers. In addition, the presence of liquid nitrogen over a roughened surface improves the sensitivity of Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS), enabling the closely related SERSUN (Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Under liquid Nitrogen) technique. This book starts with the theoretical and experimental basics of Raman and polarized Raman spectroscopy, before moving on to detailed descriptions of RUN and SERSUN. Room temperature and RUN spectra are provided for over fifty molecules.
Author(s): Robert N. Compton, Nathan I. Hammer, Ethan C. Lambert, J. Stewart Hager
Series: Springer Series on Atomic, Optical, and Plasma Physics, 121
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 121
City: Cham
Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Authors
Chapter 1: Introduction
References
Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Raman Spectroscopy and Raman Under Nitrogen (RUN)
References
Chapter 3: Experimental Methods of RUN, SERSUN, and GHRUNS
Liquid Nitrogen Apparatus
Guest Host Raman Spectroscopy Under Liquid Nitrogen, GHRUNS
Polarized Raman Spectra
Liquid Nitrogen Spectrum
Wavelength Calibration and Instrument Function
References
Chapter 4: Polarized Raman Spectroscopy Using RUN and GHRUNS
References
Chapter 5: RUN Spectroscopy for the C60 Fullerene Molecule
Polarized Raman Spectroscopy of C60
Guest Host Raman Under Liquid Nitrogen Spectroscopy (GHRUNS)
References
Chapter 6: Lattice Modes in Raman Spectroscopy Under Liquid Nitrogen
References
Chapter 7: Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Under Liquid Nitrogen (SERSUN)
References
Chapter 8: Raman Spectra of Typical Solvents at Room Temperature and Under Liquid Nitrogen
References
Index
