Radiologic Clinics Of North America Emergency Cross Sectional Imaging

Cover......Page 1
Preface......Page 2
Imaging......Page 3
Abdominal radiography......Page 4
Intravenous urography......Page 5
Unenhanced CT scanning......Page 7
Ultrasonography......Page 9
Alternative diagnoses in patients who have acute renal colic......Page 10
References......Page 15
Acknowledgments......Page 19
Selection of imaging modality for diagnosing appendicitis......Page 20
CT techniques......Page 21
CT findings of appendicitis......Page 22
Sonographic technique......Page 23
Sonographic findings......Page 24
MR imaging technique......Page 26
Summary......Page 28
References......Page 29
Thromboembolic pulmonary embolism......Page 31
Emergence of CT pulmonary angiography as the principle diagnostic modality......Page 32
Multidetector CT pulmonary angiography technique and protocol......Page 34
CT pulmonary angiography findings of pulmonary embolism......Page 36
Diagnostic performance of CT pulmonary angiography......Page 39
Diagnostic performance of CT pulmonary angiography for subsegmental pulmonary embolism......Page 40
Diagnostic performance of CT venography......Page 41
Primary pulmonary artery sarcoma......Page 43
Pulmonary artery tumor emboli......Page 44
Hydatid pulmonary embolism......Page 45
Fat pulmonary embolism......Page 46
Air pulmonary embolism......Page 47
Iodinated oil pulmonary embolism......Page 48
Iatrogenic pulmonary embolism caused by a plastic or metal alloy foreign body......Page 49
References......Page 50
Disease classification......Page 54
Technique......Page 55
Imaging findings......Page 56
Pancreatic necrosis......Page 57
Vascular complications......Page 59
Extrapancreatic findings......Page 60
MR imaging......Page 61
Ultrasound......Page 64
Percutaneous cross-sectional imaging-guided interventions......Page 65
References......Page 66
Examination protocols......Page 68
Protocols for administration of contrast medium......Page 69
Postprocessing techniques......Page 70
Interrupted aortic arch......Page 71
Coarctation of the aorta......Page 72
Aortic aneurysm......Page 73
Aortic rupture......Page 74
Infection......Page 75
Aortic dissection......Page 76
CT findings......Page 78
Intramural hematoma......Page 79
Atherosclerotic disease......Page 80
CT findings......Page 81
Incomplete rupture......Page 82
Traumatic aortic dissection......Page 83
Traumatic acute intramural hematoma......Page 84
Stenosis......Page 85
References......Page 86
Basic technical considerations......Page 91
Bright-blood vascular imaging......Page 92
Contrast-enhanced MR angiography......Page 93
Aortic aneurysm......Page 94
Aortic dissection......Page 95
Intramural hematoma......Page 97
Takayasu arteritis......Page 100
References......Page 102
Small bowel anatomy......Page 104
CT technique......Page 106
Sensitivity of CT in small bowel obstruction and related findings......Page 107
Problem solving: the key questions......Page 108
Extrinsic processes......Page 113
Intrinsic and intraluminal processes......Page 114
Conditions mimicking small bowel obstruction......Page 115
Special techniques and future modalities......Page 116
References......Page 117
Acknowledgments......Page 118
Sonographic examination technique......Page 119
Potential pitfalls......Page 120
Clinical diagnosis......Page 121
Acute deep venous thrombosis......Page 122
Chronic deep venous thrombosis......Page 124
Preoperative mapping......Page 126
Summary......Page 127
References......Page 128
Clinical presentation and differential diagnosis......Page 130
Examination technique and normal sonographic anatomy......Page 131
Controversial issues vis-A-vis the examination technique......Page 135
Sonography of acute deep venous thrombosis......Page 137
Pitfalls and limitations of diagnosis of acute deep vein thrombosis......Page 138
Sonography of chronic deep venous thrombosis......Page 139
Chronic venous insufficiency......Page 141
Pathophysiology......Page 142
Venous anatomy of the superficial veins of the lower extremity......Page 143
Method of examination......Page 146
Summary......Page 150
References......Page 151
Clinical presentation......Page 153
Endocrinology of ectopic pregnancy......Page 154
Tubal pregnancy......Page 155
Interstitial (cornual or angular) pregnancy......Page 156
Ovarian pregnancy......Page 158
Heterotopic pregnancy......Page 159
Persistent ectopic pregnancy......Page 160
Sonographically guided treatment......Page 161
References......Page 162
Definition, natural history, classification, and clinical significance......Page 165
Hip......Page 172
Knee......Page 175
Wrist......Page 176
Shoulder......Page 179
Ankle and foot......Page 180
References......Page 181
Acknowledgments......Page 184
Imaging modalities......Page 185
Grade IV injuries......Page 186
Grade V injuries......Page 188
Trauma to underlying abnormal kidneys......Page 189
Iatrogenic renal trauma......Page 190
Complications of renal trauma......Page 191
References......Page 193
Clinical features......Page 196
CT features......Page 197
Clinical features......Page 200
References......Page 201