Language: English
Pages: 167
Cover
......Page 1
Ultrasound principles......Page 2
Acute pyelonephritis......Page 3
Ultrasonographic features of acute pyelonephritis......Page 4
Renal abscess......Page 5
Ultrasonographic features of renal abscess......Page 6
Ultrasonographic features of pyonephrosis......Page 7
Ultrasonographic features of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis......Page 8
Ultrasonographic features of renal echinococcosis......Page 9
Renal tuberculosis......Page 11
Summary......Page 12
References......Page 13
Acknowledgments......Page 15
Medullary cystic disease......Page 17
Von Hippel-Lindau disease......Page 18
Tuberous sclerosis......Page 19
Multiloculated cystic renal masses......Page 20
Multicystic dysplastic kidney......Page 21
Multilocular cystic nephroma......Page 22
References......Page 23
Sonography in Benign and Malignant Renal Masses......Page 0
Sonographic technique......Page 26
Junctional parenchymal defect......Page 27
Angiomyolipoma......Page 28
Oncocytoma......Page 30
Renal cell carcinoma......Page 31
Clinical presentation of renal cell carcinoma......Page 32
Sonographic findings of renal cell carcinomas......Page 33
Transitional carcinoma of renal pelvis......Page 34
Renal metastases......Page 35
Renal lymphoma......Page 36
References......Page 37
Understanding the technical challenge ofnbspDoppler ultrasound or setting up your equipment to get the best images and spectral tracings......Page 42
Doppler angle......Page 43
Wall filters......Page 44
Doppler Gain......Page 46
Aliasing......Page 48
Directional ambiguity......Page 49
Partial volume artifact......Page 50
Pseudoflow......Page 51
Mirror-image artifact......Page 52
Edge artifact......Page 54
Twinkling artifact......Page 55
Day-to day Doppler: too much flow versus too little flow......Page 58
References......Page 71
First-Trimester Screening......Page 73
First-trimester aneuploidy screening......Page 74
First-trimester combined screen......Page 77
Increased impedance of flow of the ductus venosus......Page 78
First-trimester screening followed by second-trimester ultrasonography......Page 79
Birth defects in euploid fetuses who have increased nuchal translucency......Page 80
Twins and multiple gestations......Page 83
Structural defects detected during the first trimester......Page 84
Summary......Page 90
References......Page 91
Normal pregnancy......Page 98
Spontaneous abortion......Page 99
Corpus luteum......Page 100
Ectopic pregnancy......Page 101
Use of color Doppler in diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy......Page 103
Cervical ectopic pregnancy......Page 104
Ovarian and abdominal ectopic pregnancy......Page 105
Ovarian torsion......Page 106
Gastrointestinal causes of pelvic pain......Page 108
References......Page 110
Normal anatomy......Page 113
Overview of ultrasound analytic approach to the adnexal mass......Page 115
Unilocular smooth-walled anechoic cyst......Page 117
Physiologic causes of findings that may raise concern......Page 122
Non-neoplastic cyst......Page 124
Endometrioma......Page 125
Hydrosalpinx......Page 127
Cystic teratoma......Page 129
Benign and malignant cystic neoplasms (cystadenomas and cystadenocarcinomas)......Page 130
References......Page 132
Evolution of endometrial assessment......Page 134
Transvaginal ultrasound......Page 135
Risk of infection......Page 139
Concern about spreading adenocarcinoma into the peritoneal cavity......Page 140
Summary......Page 141
References......Page 142
General approach......Page 144
Appendicitis......Page 145
Mesenteric adenitis......Page 146
Intussusception......Page 147
Duplication cyst......Page 148
Inflammatory bowel disease......Page 149
Renal stone......Page 150
Infected urachus......Page 151
Ovarian neoplasms......Page 152
Ovarian torsion......Page 153
References......Page 154
Laparoscopic probe design......Page 157
Intraoperative scanning techniques......Page 159
Operating room ergonomics......Page 160
Laparoscopic ultrasound of the liver......Page 161
Laparoscopic ultrasound of the gallbladder and bile ducts......Page 162
Other applications......Page 165
Biopsy and percutaneous ablation guidance......Page 166
References......Page 167
