Radar data processing with applications

Content: About the Authors xiv Preface xvi 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Aim and Significance of Radar Data Processing 1 1.2 Basic Concepts in Radar Data Processing 2 1.3 Design Requirements and Main Technical Indexes of Radar Data Processors 9 1.4 History and Present Situation of Research in Radar Data Processing Technology 12 1.5 Scope and Outline of the Book 14 2 Parameter Estimation 20 2.1 Introduction 20 2.2 The Concept of Parameter Estimation 20 2.3 Four Basic Parameter Estimation Techniques 23 2.4 Properties of Estimators 26 2.5 Parameter Estimation of Static Vectors 28 2.6 Summary 33 3 Linear Filtering Approaches 34 3.1 Introduction 34 3.2 Kalman Filter 34 3.3 Steady-State Kalman Filter 48 3.4 Summary 52 4 Nonlinear Filtering Approaches 53 4.1 Introduction 53 4.2 Extended Kalman Filter 53 4.3 Unscented Kalman Filter 58 4.4 Particle Filter 65 4.5 Summary 71 5 Measurement Preprocessing Techniques 72 5.1 Introduction 72 5.2 Time Registration 72 5.3 Space Registration 75 5.4 Radar Error Calibration Techniques 88 5.5 Data Compression Techniques 89 5.6 Summary 93 6 Track Initiation in Multi-target Tracking 95 6.1 Introduction 95 6.2 The Shape and Size of Track Initiation Gates 96 6.3 Track Initiation Algorithms 100 6.4 Comparison and Analysis of Track Initiation Algorithms 109 6.5 Discussion of Some Issues in Track Initiation 116 6.6 Summary 117 7 Maximum Likelihood Class Multi-target Data Association Methods 118 7.1 Introduction 118 7.2 Track-Splitting Algorithm 118 7.3 Joint Maximum Likelihood Algorithm 123 7.4 0 1 Integer Programming Algorithm 126 7.5 Generalized Correlation Algorithm 130 7.6 Summary 137 8 Bayesian Multi-target Data Association Approach 138 8.1 Introduction 138 8.2 Nearest-Neighbor Algorithm 138 8.3 Probabilistic Data Association Algorithm 141 8.4 Integrated Probabilistic Data Association Algorithm 152 8.5 Joint Probabilistic Data Association Algorithm 154 8.6 Summary 167 9 Tracking Maneuvering Targets 169 9.1 Introduction 169 9.2 Tracking Algorithm with Maneuver Detection 170 9.3 Adaptive Tracking Algorithm 174 9.4 Performance Comparison of Maneuvering Target Tracking Algorithms 189 9.5 Summary 201 10 Group Target Tracking 203 10.1 Introduction 203 10.2 Basic Methods for Track Initiation of the Group Target 204 10.3 The Gray Fine Track Initiation Algorithm for Group Targets 214 10.4 Centroid Group Tracking 233 10.5 Formation Group Tracking 238 10.6 Performance Analysis of Tracking Algorithms for Group Targets 240 10.7 Summary 246 11 Multi-target Track Termination Theory and Track Management 250 11.1 Introduction 250 11.2 Multi-target Track Termination Theory 250 11.3 Track Management 258 11.4 Summary 275 12 Passive Radar Data Processing 276 12.1 Introduction 276 12.2 Advantages of Passive Radars 276 12.3 Passive Radar Spatial Data Association 278 12.4 Optimal Deployment of Direction-Finding Location 289 12.5 Passive Location Based on TDOA Measurements 299 12.6 Summary 303 13 Pulse Doppler Radar Data Processing 304 13.1 Introduction 304 13.2 Overview of PD Radar Systems 304 13.3 Typical Algorithms of PD Radar Tracking 307 13.4 Performance Analysis on PD Radar Tracking Algorithms 321 13.5 Summary 331 14 Phased Array Radar Data Processing 332 14.1 Introduction 332 14.2 Characteristics and Major Indexes 333 14.3 Structure and Working Procedure 334 14.4 Data Processing 336 14.5 Performance Analysis of the Adaptive Sampling Period Algorithm 355 14.6 Summary 361 15 Radar Network Error Registration Algorithm 362 15.1 Introduction 362 15.2 The Composition and Influence of Systematic Errors 362 15.3 Fixed Radar Registration Algorithm 366 15.4 Mobile Radar Registration Algorithm 380 15.5 Summary 402 16 Radar Network Data Processing 405 16.1 Introduction 405 16.2 Performance Evaluation Indexes of Radar Networks 406 16.3 Data Processing of Monostatic Radar Networks 408 16.4 Data Processing of Bistatic Radar Networks 413 16.5 Data Processing of Multistatic Radar Networks 420 16.6 Track Association 423 16.7 Summary 426 17 Evaluation of Radar Data Processing Performance 427 17.1 Introduction 427 17.2 Basic Terms 428 17.3 Data Association Performance Evaluation 429 17.4 Performance Evaluation of Tracking 432 17.5 Evaluation of the Data Fusion Performance of Radar Networks 436 17.6 Methods of Evaluating Radar Data Processing Algorithms 438 17.7 Summary 440 18 Radar Data Processing Simulation Technology 441 18.1 Introduction 441 18.2 Basis of System Simulation Technology 442 18.3 Simulation of Radar Data Processing Algorithms 449 18.4 Simulation Examples of Algorithms 457 18.5 Summary 463 19 Practical Application of Radar Data Processing 464 19.1 Introduction 464 19.2 Application in ATC Systems 464 19.3 Application in Shipboard Navigation Radar 474 19.4 Application in Shipboard Radar Clutter Suppression 476 19.5 Application in Ground-Based Radar 480 19.6 Applications in Shipboard Monitoring System 482 19.7 Application in the Fleet Air Defense System 484 19.8 Applications in AEW Radar 486 19.9 Application in Air Warning Radar Network 492 19.10 Application in Phased Array Radar 495 19.11 Summary 498 20 Review, Suggestions, and Outlook 499 20.1 Introduction 499 20.2 Review of Research Achievements 499 20.3 Issues and Suggestions 502 20.4 Outlook for Research Direction 505 References 508 Index 523