Quantum computing devices: principles, designs, and analysis

Content: PrefaceFOUNDATIONS OF QUANTUM INFORMATICSSpins: The Stern-Gerlach experiment and spin filterEPR, Bell's inequalities, and hidden variablesThe Landauer principleQUANTUM COMPUTATION AND QUANTUM SYSTEMSTuring machines and binary logic gatesQuantum mechanical systemsHilbert spacesComplex finite dimensional Hilbert SpacesQuantum Turing machines Universality of elementary quantum gates Quantum algorithmsQuantum adder and multiplier Quantum error correction codes Lasers: a heuristic introduction Quantum computing devices and requirementsTWO-LEVEL ATOMS AND CAVITY QEDTwo-level atomsQuantization of the electromagnetic fieldCavity QEDCavity QED for the quantum phase gateQuantum eraser Quantum disentanglement eraserIMPERFECT QUANTUM OPERATIONSFidelityDensity matrices Time evolution of density matrices Examples of master equationsFidelity calculationsION TRAPSIntroductionIon qubitsSummary of ion preparationCoherenceQuantum gatesLarge scale confined-ion quantum computerTrap architecture and performance Teleportation of coherent information Experimental DFS logic gates Quantum error correction by ion traps Summary of ion quantum computationQUANTUM LOGIC USING COLD, CONFINED ATOMSIntroductionAtom trapping and detection Atom interactions with external fieldsAtom trappingQubits and gatesControlled two-qubit gatesCoherence properties of atom gatesAssessmentQUANTUM DOTS QUANTUM COMPUTING GATES IntroductionElectrons in quantum dots microcavityCoupled electron spinsBiexciton in a single quantum dot ConclusionsLINEAR OPTICS COMPUTERSClassical electrodynamics - Classical computersQuantum electrodynamics - Quantum computersTeleportationSummary and outlookSUPERCONDUCTING QUANTUM COMPUTING DEVICES Introduction Superconductivity More on Cooper pairs and Josephson junctions Superconducting circuits: classicalSuperconducting circuits: quantumQuantum gatesMeasurementNMR QUANTUM COMPUTINGNuclear magnetic resonance Basic technology with NMRSolid state NMR Shor's algorithm and its experimental realization Quantum algorithm for lattice-gas systems ConclusionAppendix A: The Fock-Darwin StatesAppendix B: Evaluation of the exchange energyAppendix C: Transformation of quantum states: SU(2) and SO(3)Appendix D: The Homeomorphism from SU(2) to SO(3)