Projects, Government, and Public Policy

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Many governments have effectively organized public project implementation systems in their jurisdictions. At the same time, many other countries remain at a less advanced level of public project management. Globally, there is a need for project management knowledge to be transferred between governments. However, no systematic review of these practices has been developed to date. Projects, Government, and Public Policy was written to fulfill this need and presents a review of project management practices in countries with developed project-based capabilities. This book uses its own rigorous model to present this review systematically. This book’s practical purpose is to give a structured overview of government-level project management practices. This knowledge can be used in the work of governments to improve the management of public projects and the implementation of public policies.

Many professionals working in public institutions understand project management concepts differently than project management professionals. Therefore, this book begins with a chapter that describes the differences between the conceptual basis of public administration and project management. The body of this book has five parts. Part I is mainly intended for those involved in government and public administration who want to acquire or increase knowledge about project management. Part II provides an overview of the basic concepts from the theory of public administration, public policies, and development management. Part III describes what makes public projects unique and the success factors specific to projects of this sector. Knowledge about effective government project management practices is covered in Part IV. The concluding Part V begins with a general overview of the maturity model concept. Its main part covers the description of a maturity model showing ways to systematically improve the implementation of public projects.

This book is written for governments and government administrators, including the most influential decision-makers, who craft policies to guide a country’s development as well as how to implement projects. This book is also intended for supporters and enthusiasts of project management in government and public administration by providing them with a description of the solutions used by project management in public administration. This book is intended, too, for all project management practitioners working for public projects: project managers, team members, sponsors, and middle-level executives of project-delivering private companies. By knowing public administration concepts, they can manage their projects better and use a common language with their clients.

Author(s): Stanislaw Gasik
Publisher: CRC Press/Auerbach
Year: 2022

Language: English
Pages: 375
City: Boca Raton

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface: Why Do We Need This Book?
The Importance of Public Projects
Public Policies as Projects
The Role of Project Management
Problems with Public Projects
Benefits of Project Management for Public Policies
Different Types of Public Policies
Governments and Project Management
Goals of this Book
Practical Goals
Theoretical Goals
Recipients of this Book
Structure of this Book
Notes
Acknowledgments
Author
Chapter 1. Discrepancies between Public Administration and Project Management
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Anti-management
1.3 Ignoring
1.4 Basic Discrepancies
1.4.1 Practical Stream
1.4.2 Theoretical Stream
1.5 Parallel Works
1.5.1 Maturity Models
1.5.2 A Non-traditional Approach to Implementation
1.6 Fragmentary School
1.7 Different Understanding of Common Concepts
1.8 Incompatibility of Conceptual Structures
Notes
Part I: Project Management for Public Administration
Chapter 2. The Most Important Concepts
2.1 What Is a Project?
2.2 Product Development and Management
2.3 Components of Projects
2.4 Project Life Cycle: Integration Management
2.4.1 Waterfall Project Life Cycle
2.4.1.1 Example of Presidential Election
2.4.1.2 Example: Implementation of the Paperless Work System in an Organization
2.4.2 Incremental Project Life Cycle
2.4.3 Agile Approach
2.4.4 Project Product and Its Life Cycle
Notes
Chapter 3. What Is Managed in Projects?
3.1 A Review of Managerial Areas
3.2 What Should Be Developed in Projects? Scope Management
3.2.1 SMART Requirements
3.2.2 Requirement's Priority - MoSCoW Model
3.2.3 Traceability Matrix
3.2.4 Work Breakdown Structure
3.3 Project Schedule and the Critical Path: Schedule Management
3.3.1 Example: Building a House
3.4 What Would Be the Project Budget? Cost Management
3.5 Project Information: Earned Value Management, Communications Management
3.5.1 Example: Laying a New Surface on a Public Road
3.6 What You Should Know? Knowledge Management
3.7 Who Will Do It? Human Resource Management
3.8 What Are We Afraid of? Risk Management
3.9 Subcontractors' Projects: Procurement Management
3.10 Who Will Help Us? Who Will Disturb? Stakeholder Management
3.11 How to Deliver Good Projects? Quality Management
3.12 Plans and Changes: Integration Management Again
3.13 Transition of Project Products
Notes
Chapter 4. Preparing Organization for Project Implementation
4.1 Permanent Structures and Projects
4.2 Project Knowledge in Organization
Note
Chapter 5. Managing Multiple Projects
5.1 Is One Project Enough? Project Programs
5.2 Which Projects to Implement? Project Portfolios
5.3 How to Analyze Projects? Project Families
Note
Chapter 6. Other Approaches to Project Management
6.1 Logical Framework Approach
6.2 ISO 21500 Standard
6.3 SCRUM
Notes
Part II: Public Administration for Project Managers
Chapter 7. State, Its Structure, and Development Phases
Chapter 8. Government and Public Administration
8.1 Organizations and Institutions
8.2 State and Public Administration
8.3 Types of Governmental Organizations
8.3.1 Central Institutions
8.3.2 Government Agencies
8.3.3 Governmental Enterprises
8.3.4 Project Implementing Agencies
8.3.5 Committees
8.4 Autonomy and Centralization
8.5 Public Services
8.6 Civil Service
8.7 What Is Important in the Public Sector?
Note
Chapter 9. Governance
9.1 What Is Governance?
9.2 State Governance
9.3 Project Governance
9.4 Public Project Governance
Note
Chapter 10. Instruments - What Governments Can Do?
10.1 What Is a Policy Instrument?
10.2 Different Ways of Instruments Implementation
10.3 Types of Policy Instruments' Results
Chapter 11. Public Policies
11.1 What Is a Public Policy?
11.1.1 The Problem; Policy Area
11.1.2 The Vision of the Target State
11.1.3 Political Decisions
11.1.4 Actions
11.2 Structures of Public Policies
11.3 Strategy and Policy
11.4 Policy Programs
11.4.1 Policy Programs and Project Programs
11.4.2 Project-Based and Operation-Based Policies and Programs
11.5 Public Policy Life Cycles
11.6 Agenda Setting
11.7 Policy Forming
11.7.1 Analysis, What Is Going On?
11.7.2 Policy Goals
11.7.3 Policy Design
11.7.4 Approval
11.8 Implementation
11.8.1 Change in Organization
11.8.2 Acting
11.8.3 Policy Change
11.8.4 Top-Down and Bottom-Up Implementation
11.9 Closing Policy Implementation
11.10 Evaluation
11.11 Types of Public Policies
11.11.1 Acting and Non-acting
11.11.2 Substantial and Procedural Policies
11.11.3 Level of Stakeholder Engagement
11.11.4 Policies of State Development Phases
11.11.5 Policies in the Electoral Cycle
11.11.6 Covering the Areas of State Activity with Policies
11.11.7 Unambiguity and Conflicts as Policy Classifying Factors
11.12 Management and Public Policies
Notes
Chapter 12. Phases of Understanding Public Administration
12.1 Classical Public Administration
12.2 New Public Management
12.3 New Public Governance
12.4 Neo-Weberian State
Note
Chapter 13. Quality of Government
13.1 Introduction
13.2 What Is a Good Government?
13.3 Functioning of Good Government
13.3.1 Politics
13.3.2 Efficiency and Effectiveness
13.3.3 Solutions in the Most Important Areas
13.4 Rules of Good Government
13.5 Results of Good Governing
13.6 Projects for Good Governments
Note
Chapter 14. State Capabilities
14.1 What Is Capability?
14.2 Capability Development
14.3 Projects as Meta-capabilities
Note
Part III: Public Projects Are Specific
Chapter 15. Approaches to Differences between Research on Public and Other Sector Projects
15.1 The Denying Differences Stream
15.2 The Public Projects' Research Stream
15.3 The Averaging Stream
15.4 The Stream of Differences Analysis
Chapter 16. Differences between Public Projects and Projects of Other Sectors
16.1 Projects as Organizations
16.2 Constituting Differences between Public Projects and Projects of Other Sectors
16.3 Managerial Differences
16.3.1 Governance
16.3.2 Integration Management
16.3.2.1 Project Goals
16.3.2.2 Initializing
16.3.2.3 Planning
16.3.2.4 Execution and Control
16.3.3 Scope Management
16.3.4 Schedule Management
16.3.5 Cost Management
16.3.6 Quality Management
16.3.7 Human Resource Management
16.3.8 Stakeholder Management
16.3.9 Communications Management
16.3.10 Risk Management
16.3.11 Procurement Management
16.4 The Layered Model of Differences
Notes
Chapter 17. Differences of Complexity
17.1 What Is Complexity?
17.2 Survey on Project Complexity
17.3 Survey Results
17.3.1 The External Management
17.3.2 The Internal Management
Note
Chapter 18. Why Public Projects Succeed
18.1 What Is a Public Project Success?
18.2 What Influences the Success and Failure of Public Projects?
18.2.1 Politics
18.2.2 Stakeholders
18.2.3 The Specificity of Public Organizations
18.2.4 Corruption
18.2.5 Early Project Phases
18.2.6 Human Resources
18.2.7 Management Methods
18.2.8 External Environment
18.3 Public Projects Success Factors
18.3.1 The Most Important Success Factors
18.3.2 The Second Group of Factors
18.3.3 The Third Group of Factors
Part IV: Practices of Public Project Management
Note
Chapter 19. Governance Territory (Government Level)
19.1 Public Procurement Regulations
19.2 Governance of Projects
19.2.1 The Project-Level Regulations
19.2.2 The Sector-Level Regulations
19.2.3 The Government-Level Regulations
19.2.3.1 Argentina
19.2.3.2 USA, Federal Government
19.2.3.3 Canada, Federal Government
19.3 Audit Chambers
19.4 Standards
Notes
Chapter 20. Delivery Territory
20.1 Project Management Offices
20.1.1 Governmental Project Management Offices
20.1.2 Local Project Management Offices
20.1.3 Other Structures
20.2 The Hierarchy of Project Bodies and Roles
20.3 Management of Project Portfolio
20.4 Management of Projects: From Initiation to Evaluation
20.4.1 Project Life Cycle
20.4.2 Initiation
20.4.2.1 Submitting Initiatives
20.4.2.2 Unsolicited Proposals
20.4.2.3 Modes of Initiating Public Sector Projects
20.4.2.4 The Portfolio Mode
20.4.2.5 The Individual Modes
20.4.2.5.1 Direct Initiation
20.4.2.5.2 One-Step Process
20.4.2.5.3 Two-Step Process
20.4.2.5.4 More Complex Initiation Processes
20.4.2.5.5 The Dynamic Project Initiation Process
20.4.2.6 Mixed Mode of Project Initiation
20.4.2.7 Initiation Monitoring
20.4.2.8 Stakeholder Participation
20.4.3 Planning
20.4.3.1 Structure of Project Plan
20.4.3.2 Developing a Plan
20.4.3.3 Project Plan Approval
20.4.3.4 Methodological Support
20.4.4 Execution
20.4.4.1 Project Execution by PMO
20.4.4.2 PMO's Services for Projects
20.4.4.3 Reporting
20.4.4.4 Coordination of Cooperation
20.4.5 Monitoring
20.4.6 Control
20.4.7 Closing
20.4.8 Evaluation
20.4.9 Variants of Project Life Cycles
20.4.10 Agile Approach
20.4.10.1 Selection of Projects to Be Implemented Using the Agile Method
20.4.10.2 Ways of Agile Projects Implementation
20.4.10.3 Implementing Agile in the Organization
20.4.11 Classifications of Projects
20.5 Project Assurance
20.5.1 Phases and Gates
20.5.1.1 UK OGC GatewayTM Process
20.5.1.2 Other Forms of Checking Project Status
20.5.2 Approaches to Project Assurance
20.5.2.1 Self-assessment
20.5.2.2 Assurance Performed by the Parent Entity
20.5.2.3 Independent Assurance
20.5.2.4 Area Reviews
20.6 Engagement of Stakeholders
20.7 Actors Management
20.7.1 Suppliers
20.7.2 Project Managers
20.7.2.1 Requirements
20.7.2.2 Professional Development
20.7.2.3 Certification
20.8 Knowledge Management
20.8.1 Knowledge Codification
20.8.2 Knowledge Exchange and Transfer
20.8.3 Informing about Projects
20.9 Methodologies and Systems
20.9.1 Project Management Methodologies
20.9.2 Project Implementation Systems
20.10 Model of Delivery Territory
Notes
Chapter 21. Support Area
21.1 Problem-Oriented Support
21.2 Process-Oriented Support
Chapter 22. Development Area
22.1 Advisory Bodies
22.2 Development Directions
22.3 Development Modes
22.3.1 Individual Mode
22.3.2 System Mode
Chapter 23. Governmental Project Implementation System and Managing It
23.1 Governmental Project Implementation System
23.2 Governmental Project Management
Part V: The Way Ahead. How to Improve It?
Note
Chapter 24. Maturity Models
24.1 Ways to Improve Maturity in Organization (TBC)
24.1.1 Intuitive level
24.1.2 General Level
24.1.3 Specialized Level
24.2 What Is a Maturity Model?
24.3 Sector-Independent Maturity Models
24.4 Public Sector Maturity Models
24.5 Project Management Organizational Level Maturity Models
24.6 Process Management Governmental Level Maturity Models
24.7 Project Management Governmental Level Maturity Studies
24.8 Ways to Improve Maturity in Organization (continued)
Notes
Chapter 25. Improving Governmental Project Implementation Systems with GPM3
25.1 The Initial Level
25.1.1 Definition
25.1.2 Exemplary Practices
25.2 The Local Level
25.2.1 Definition
25.2.2 Exemplary Practices
25.2.3 Benefits
25.3 The Governmental Level
25.3.1 Definition
25.3.2 Exemplary Practices
25.3.3 Benefits
25.4 The Support Level
25.4.1 Definition
25.4.2 Exemplary Practices
25.4.3 Benefits
25.5 The Optimizing Level
25.5.1 Definition
25.5.2 Exemplary Practices
25.5.2.1 Individual Optimizing Level
25.5.2.2 System Optimizing Level
25.5.3 Benefits
25.6 The Role and Applications of GPM3®
Summary
References: Source Materials
References: Literature
Index