Progress in Botany, Vol. 67

Contents......Page 5
Review......Page 19
1 Biosynthesis of the photosynthetic membrane and chloroplast biogenesis......Page 21
2 Chromosome pairing, mechanism of crossing-over and genome analysis......Page 30
3 Perspectives......Page 41
References......Page 42
Genetics......Page 47
1 Introduction......Page 48
2 Mechanism of cytoplasmic male sterility......Page 49
3 Mechanism of fertility restoration......Page 53
References......Page 62
Abbreviations......Page 70
1 Introduction......Page 71
2 Structural genomics in maize and rice......Page 72
3 Comparative genomics: synteny between maize and rice......Page 76
4 Functional genomics in maize......Page 78
5 Genomics and biodiversity: functional markers in maize......Page 82
6 Conclusions and outlook......Page 86
References......Page 87
1 Introduction: the evolutionary significance of gene transfer......Page 92
2 Gene transfer from the plastid to the nuclear genome......Page 94
3 Gene transfer from the plastid to the mitochondrial genome......Page 97
4 Gene transfer from the mitochondrial to the nuclear genome......Page 101
5 Gene transfer from the nuclear to organellar genomes......Page 103
6 Experimental approaches to investigate gene transfer to the nucleus......Page 104
7 Mechanisms of gene transfer from the plastid to the nucleus......Page 107
8 Implications for plastid biotechnology......Page 109
References......Page 111
1 Introduction......Page 118
2 Molecular mechanisms of gene silencing......Page 119
3 Cellular processes regulated via gene silencing/chromatin remodeling......Page 134
4 Conclusions and perspectives......Page 140
References......Page 141
1 Introduction......Page 151
2 Secondary metabolism and its biochemical precursors......Page 153
3 Fungal secondary metabolites as phytotoxins and virulence determinants......Page 154
4 Regulation of secondary metabolism during pathogenic development......Page 169
5 Concluding remarks......Page 171
References......Page 172
1 Introduction......Page 179
2 Vernalization in Arabidopsis......Page 181
3 Vernalization in winter varieties of wheat......Page 186
4 Evolution of the vernalization requirement......Page 187
5 Future prospects......Page 190
References......Page 191
1 Introduction......Page 195
2 Natural male-sterility systems in plants......Page 196
3 Methods of producing male-sterile plants......Page 198
4 Strategies for the multiplication of male-sterile lines......Page 200
References......Page 202
Physiology......Page 205
2 Membrane turnover during polarized cell growth......Page 206
3 Guard cell functioning and tension modulated exo- and endocytosis......Page 210
4 Constitutive exo- and endocytosis......Page 215
References......Page 217
1 Aquaporins in plants......Page 221
2 Plant aquaporins and water transport......Page 222
3 Effects of aquaporin water conductivity in plants......Page 224
4 Permeability to small non-ionic molecules......Page 225
References......Page 230
2 Auxin receptors......Page 234
3 Auxin-induced gene expression......Page 241
4 Auxin-upregulated genes and their functions......Page 248
5 Polar auxin transport......Page 250
References......Page 255
1 Light and elevated temperature......Page 263
2 Perception, signalling and transcriptional regulation in response to UV-B and ozone......Page 268
3 Signalling and transcriptional regulation in response to drought, cold, and salt stress......Page 272
4 Heavy metal toxicity and tolerance......Page 277
References......Page 281
1 Introduction......Page 290
2 Some genetic and historical remarks......Page 291
3 Transformation process and cultivation conditions......Page 292
4 Morphological and physiological aspects of hairy root cultures......Page 295
5 Secondary metabolites from hairy root cultures......Page 297
6 Use of hairy root cultures in biosynthetic and metabolic studies......Page 303
7 Hairy roots for biotechnological production of secondary metabolites......Page 306
8 Hairy roots for genetic improvement and clonal propagation......Page 312
9 Proteins from hairy root cultures......Page 315
10 Phytoremediation and environmental detoxification......Page 316
11 Conclusions......Page 317
References......Page 318
1 Introduction......Page 330
2 Molecular chaperones and other elements of the stress response......Page 331
3 How do molecular chaperones work?......Page 332
4 Structure and function of the different chaperone classes......Page 335
References......Page 351
Systematics......Page 358
1 Introduction......Page 359
2 Taxonomic diversity and endemism......Page 360
4 Historical background of floristic research......Page 362
5 Herbarium collections......Page 363
6 Current status of floristic research......Page 364
8 Conclusion......Page 367
References......Page 368
2 Basic information......Page 375
3 Publications......Page 377
4 Journals......Page 379
5 Papers, monographs and revisions......Page 380
6 Floristic work......Page 385
8 Higher plants of China......Page 386
References......Page 389
Ecology......Page 397
1 Introduction......Page 398
2 Structural Limitations of Leaf Light-harvesting Efficiency......Page 399
3 How Structure Determines Leaf Photosynthetic Capacity......Page 405
4 Structural Acclimation of Leaf Photosynthesis to Environment......Page 415
5 Age-Dependent Changes in Leaf Photosynthetic Capacity......Page 418
6 Outlook: a Network of Coordinated Leaf Traits......Page 420
7 Conclusions......Page 424
References......Page 425
1 Introduction......Page 433
2 Markov and Matrix Models......Page 434
3 SEIB Models......Page 438
4 Analytical Models: Explanation of Coexistence as an Example......Page 441
5 Outlook......Page 448
References......Page 449
1 Introduction......Page 454
2 Experimental Manipulation of Atmospheric CO[sub(2)]......Page 456
3 Conclusions......Page 466
References......Page 468
1 The Problem of Exactly Dating Palaeoecological Processes......Page 473
2 Upper Pleistocene and Holocene Palaeoecology of Central America and the Surrounding Islands......Page 474
3 Quaternary Glaciation History of South America and the Problem of the Younger Dryas Equivalent in the Southern Hemisphere......Page 476
4 South American Upper Quaternary Vegetation History......Page 478
5 Upper Quaternary Palaeoecology of Antarctica......Page 482
6 Palaeoecology of the East Asian Monsoon Region......Page 483
7 Upper Quaternary Palaeoecology of Australia and of the Pacific Islands......Page 486
References......Page 489
1 Introduction......Page 499
2 Some Philosophical and Basic Aspects of Ecology and Diversity Research......Page 503
3 Hypotheses and Concepts Addressing Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning......Page 507
4 Experiments in Community Ecology and Biodiversity Research......Page 510
5 Advances and Frontiers – Insights into Mechanisms and Processes......Page 516
6 Developments in Methods and Approaches......Page 525
7 Outlook......Page 533
References......Page 537
1 Introduction......Page 549
2 Foraging Behaviour......Page 550
3 Clonal Integration......Page 553
4 Importance of Storage Pools......Page 562
5 Simulation Models......Page 564
6 Conclusions......Page 565
References......Page 566
A......Page 575
C......Page 576
F......Page 577
I......Page 578
M......Page 579
P......Page 580
S......Page 581
V......Page 582
Z......Page 583