Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication Page
Contents
Preface #16,0,-32768Author #18,0,-32768Chapter 1: An Introduction to Failure Analysis #20,0,-32768 The Causes of Failures #21,0,-32768 Root Cause Analysis (RCA) and Understanding the Roots #23,0,-32768 Physical Roots #23,0,-32768 Human Roots #24,0,-32768 The Human Error Study #27,0,-32768 Latent Roots #30,0,-32768 The Multiple Roots and How They Interact #31,0,-32768 Why Multiple Roots Are Frequently Missed #31,0,-32768 The Benefits and Savings #33,0,-32768 Using Logic Trees
Chapter 1 Summary
bibliography #38,0,-32768Chapter 2: Some General Comments on Failure Analysis #40,0,-32768 The Failure Mechanisms – How they occur and their appearances #40,0,-32768 When Should a Failure Analysis Be Conducted and How Deeply Should It Go? #40,0,-32768 How Long Should It Last? #41,0,-32768 Diagnosing the Failure #43,0,-32768 Finding the Physical Roots #45,0,-32768 Comments on the Seven Steps – Continued #46,0,-32768 Introduction to Materials – Stresses and Strains #48,0,-32768 Determining the Failure Mechanisms #49,0,-32768 The Plant Failure Analysis Laboratory #49,0,-32768 Chapter 2 Summary #52,0,-32768 bibliography #52,0,-32768Chapter 3: Materials and the Sources of Stresses #54,0,-32768 Stress #54,0,-32768 Elasticity #55,0,-32768 Plasticity #56,0,-32768 Modulus of Elasticity (Young’s Modulus) #58,0,-32768 Toughness #59,0,-32768 Fatigue #61,0,-32768 Fatigue Strength vs. Time #61,0,-32768 Some Basic Metallurgy #64,0,-32768 Carbon Steels #65,0,-32768 Iron and Its Alloying Elements #68,0,-32768 SAE Numbering Code #70,0,-32768 Understanding Steel Terminology and Material Designations #72,0,-32768 Cast Iron #73,0,-32768 Stainless Steels #73,0,-32768 Strengthening Metals #74,0,-32768 Heat Treating #75,0,-32768 Cold Working #77,0,-32768 Thermal Expansion #77,0,-32768 Temperature Effect on Tensile, Fatigue and Yield Strengths #79,0,-32768 Chapter 3 Summary #79,0,-32768 bibliography #80,0,-32768Chapter 4: Overload Failures #82,0,-32768 Introduction #82,0,-32768 Temperature Effects on Overload Failures #85,0,-32768 Analysis of Ductile Failures #87,0,-32768 Analysis of Brittle Fractures #89,0,-32768 Chevron Marks #90,0,-32768 Unusual Conditions #91,0,-32768 Brittle Fractures of Ductile Materials #91,0,-32768 Rapid Force Application #92,0,-32768 Constrained Materials #93,0,-32768 Notch Sensitivity of Brittle Materials #94,0,-32768 Three Valuable Brittle Fracture Examples #96,0,-32768 A Case Hardened Bell Crank #96,0,-32768 Brittle Fracture of Two Very Ductile Stainless Bolts #97,0,-32768 A Great Welding Metallurgy/Brittle Fracture/Failure Analysis Example #97,0,-32768 Chapter 4 Summary #99,0,-32768 bibliography #99,0,-32768Chapter 5: Fatigue Failures (Part 1): The Basics #100,0,-32768 Fatigue Failure Categories #100,0,-32768 Stress Concentrations #102,0,-32768 Structure Changes Caused by High Cycle Fatigue #103,0,-32768 Diagnosing a High Cycle Fatigue Failure #105,0,-32768 Progression Mark Basics #105,0,-32768 Fracture Growth and Understanding the Source of the Stress – Rotating Bending vs. Plain Bending #107,0,-32768 Progression Marks and Varying Stress Levels #110,0,-32768 Progression Marks and Stress Concentrations #112,0,-32768 Ratchet Marks #112,0,-32768 Rotating Bending Failures with Multiple Origins #115,0,-32768 Stress and Stress Concentrations #115,0,-32768 Fracture Face Contours and Stress Concentrations #117,0,-32768 Interpreting the Instantaneous Zone (IZ) Shape #118,0,-32768 Guides to Interpreting the Fatigue Fracture Face #120,0,-32768 Solving Failure #120,0,-32768 bibliography #129,0,-32768Chapter 6: Fatigue Failures (Part 2): Torsional, Low, and Very Low Cycle, Failure Influences, and Some Fatigue Interpretations #130,0,-32768 Torsional Fatigue and Failures #130,0,-32768 River Marks and Fatigue Crack Growth #135,0,-32768 Plate and Rectangular Member Failures #136,0,-32768 Fatigue Data Reliability and Corrosion Effect on Fatigue Strength #138,0,-32768 Residual Stress contribution to Fatigue Cracking #140,0,-32768 Combined Fatigue and Steady State Stresses #141,0,-32768 Base Material Problems #142,0,-32768 Very Low Cycle and Low Cycle Fatigue #143,0,-32768 VLC in Relatively Brittle Materials #143,0,-32768 VLC in Ductile Materials #145,0,-32768 Unusual Situations #146,0,-32768 Failure Examples #147,0,-32768 bibliography #155,0,-32768Chapter 7: Understanding and Recognizing Corrosion #156,0,-32768 Some Basics about Corrosion #156,0,-32768 Conditions affecting corrosion rates #159,0,-32768 Temperature Effects #159,0,-32768 pH Effects #161,0,-32768 Oxygen Availability #163,0,-32768 Exposure Time and Flow Effects #163,0,-32768 The Effect of Atmosphere and Contaminants #166,0,-32768 How Oxides Prevent or Reduce Corrosion (Aluminum, Stainless Steel, Etc.) #168,0,-32768 Stainless Steel, Etc
The Types of Corrosion
Uniform Corrosion
Appearance
Comments on Uniform Corrosion
Prevention
Fretting
Galvanic Corrosion
Appearance
Comments
Prevention
Selective Leaching
Intergranular Corrosion
Appearance
Comments
Prevention
Erosion Corrosion
Appearance
Comments
Prevention
Cavitation
Concentration Cell Corrosion
Appearance
Comments
Prevention
Crevice Corrosion
Pitting Corrosion
Appearance
Comments
Prevention
Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC
Appearance
Comments
Prevention and Correction
Hydrogen Damage
Hydrogen Blistering
Hydrogen Influenced Cracking (HIC
Hydrogen Embrittlement
A Special Category: Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion
Bibliography
