At the landmark centennial anniversary of the 1917 Jones-Shafroth Act, which granted Puerto Ricans U.S. citizenship, the island confronts an unfolding humanitarian crisis initially triggered by an acute economic crisis surging since 2006. Analyzing large datasets such as the American Community Survey and the Puerto Rican Community Survey, this book represents the first comprehensive analysis of the socioeconomic and demographic consequences of "La Crisis Boricua" for Puerto Ricans on the island and mainland, including massive net outmigration from the island on a scale not seen for sixty years; a shrinking and rapidly aging population; a shut-down of high-tech industries; a significant loss in public and private sector jobs; a deteriorating infrastructure; higher sales taxes than any of the states; $74 billion in public debt plus another $49 billion in unfunded pension obligations; and defaults on payments to bondholders. This book also discusses how the socioeconomic and demographic outcomes differ among stateside Puerto Ricans, including recent migrants, in traditional settlement areas such as New York versus those in newer settlement areas such as Florida and Texas. Florida is now home to 1.1 million Puerto Ricans (essentially the same number as those living in New York) and received a full third of the migrants from the island to mainland during this time. Scholars interested in the transition of migrants into their receiving communities (regardless of the Puerto Rican case) will also find this book to be of interest, particularly with respect to the comparative analyses on earnings, the likelihood of being impoverished, and self-employment.
Author(s): Marie T. Mora, Alberto Dávila; Havidán Rodríguez; Francisco L. Rivera-Batiz
Publisher: Lexington Books (Rowman & Littlefield)
Year: 2017
Language: English
Pages: 242
Cover
Population, Migration, and Socioeconomic Outcomes among Island and Mainland Puerto Ricans
Table of Contents
Illustrations
Tables
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Authors’ Addendum
Chapter 1
The Elusive American Dream
An Overview Of Puerto Rican Migration And Population Growth
Identifying And Addressing Issues And Challenges
Summary And Concluding Remarks
Notes
Chapter 2
The Growth and Emergence of the Puerto Rican “Nation”
A Brief Historical Overview
(operation Bootstrap): From An Agrarian To An Industrial Economy
The Perils And Outcomes Of Population Control
The Puerto Rican Exodus: Migration As A Mechanism For Economic Development
Socioeconomic And Population Processes And Indicators: Puerto Rico’s Demographic Transition
Age Distributions And Population Pyramids
Summary And Concluding Remarks
Notes
Chapter 3
2006
Weak Labor Markets
Rates Of Impoverishment
The Perfect Storm And The Outcomes Of La Crisis Boricua
Other Events Contributing To, And Resulting From, La Crisis Boricua
Promesa And The Financial Oversight And Management Board
Summary And Concluding Remarks
Notes
Chapter 4
On the Recent Puerto Rican Migrants
Conceptual Issues On Migration
Characteristics Of Island-to-mainland Puerto Rican Migrants
Skill-based Migration Patterns
Changes In Observable Skills
Observable Skills And The Likelihood Of Migration To The Mainland
Changes In Unobservable Skills
Conceptual Issues For Temporary Versus Permanent Migration
Observable Characteristics And The Likelihood Of Return Migration
Summary And Concluding Remarks
Notes
Chapter 5
Migration and Changes in the Settlement Patterns of Puerto Ricans
Additional Background On Puerto Rican Migration
An Analysis Of Destination Areas From Puerto Rico To The U.s. Mainland
Sending Areas From Puerto Rico To The U.s. Mainland
Net Migration And The Geographic Dispersion Of Puerto Ricans On The Mainland
Geographic Distribution Of Puerto Ricans Living Stateside
Measuring Changes In The Geographic Concentration Of Puerto Ricans
Summary And Concluding Remarks
Notes
Chapter 6
How Were Puerto Ricans Faring in the New Settlements versus Traditional Areas?
Conceptual Issues For Migration Into New Versus Traditional Areas
The Labor Force Status Of Puerto Ricans In The Major Receiving States
Labor Market Earnings
Unexplained Puerto Rican/non-hispanic White Earnings Differentials
Rates Of Impoverishment
Summary And Concluding Remarks
Notes
Chapter 7
The Role of Gender on Puerto Rican Social Mobility Outcomes
Gender, Location, And Reasons For Moving From Puerto Rico
Demographic And Socioeconomic Characteristics Of Puerto Rican Women And Men
Gender And Labor Force Status On The Island And Mainland
Gender-related Differences In Labor Market Earnings On The Mainland
Gender-related Differences In Poverty Rates By The Major Receiving States
Summary And Concluding Remarks
Note
Chapter 8
Shaping the Business and Political Landscape on the Mainland
Assessing Puerto Rican Impact On The Mainland
Puerto Rican–owned Businesses: Evidence From The Survey Of Business Owners
Characteristics Of Puerto Rican Businesses In The Largest Receiving States
Puerto Rican Self-employment Tendencies
Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors Affecting Puerto Rican Self-employment
Federal Elections And Puerto Ricans On The Mainland
Summary And Concluding Remarks
Notes
Chapter 9
The Continued Evolution of Politics and Socioeconomic Processes and Policies
Puerto Rico’s Uncertain Future
Promesa: The Federal Government’s Response To La Crisis Boricua
A Glimpse Into Puerto Rico’s Future Under The Trump Administration
Moving Forward
Summary And Concluding Remarks
Notes
Appendix A
Major Datasets Employed and Details on Selected Variables: American Community Survey
Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (ipums)
Puerto Rican Community Survey (prcs)
Survey Of Business Owners (sbo)
Travelers Survey
Appendix B
Empirical Methodology and Selected Estimation Details
Chapter 7
Appendix C
About the Book Cover
Bibliography
Index
About the Authors
