Polymeric Reagents and Catalysts

Title Page......Page 1
Copyright......Page 2
ACS Symposium Series......Page 3
FOREWORD......Page 4
PdftkEmptyString......Page 0
PREFACE......Page 5
1 Polymeric Reagents and Catalysts An Overview......Page 7
Basic Polymer Chemistry......Page 12
Industrial Use of Polymeric Reagents and Catalysts......Page 17
Literature Cited......Page 21
2 Soluble Polymer-Bound Reagents and Catalysts......Page 23
Preparation of Non-cross-linked Polymeric Reagents......Page 26
Stoichiometric Halogenating Reagents......Page 28
Wittig Reagents......Page 29
Soluble Polymer-Bound Oxidants......Page 31
Soluble Polymer-Bound Reducing Agents......Page 33
Site Isolation Using Soluble Polymer-Bound Species......Page 34
Peptide Synthesis Using Soluble Polymeric Reagents......Page 35
Water Soluble Macromolecular Catalysts......Page 37
Linear Polystyrene Bound Transition Metal Catalysts......Page 39
Soluble Inorganic Polymers as Supports for Transition Metal Catalysts......Page 40
Soluble Polyethers as Phase Transfer Catalysts......Page 43
Summary......Page 44
Literature Cited......Page 45
3 Catalysis with a Perfluorinated Ion-Exchange Polymer......Page 48
Synthetic organic applications.......Page 51
Other synthetic uses of NAFION.......Page 65
Conclusion......Page 69
Literature Cited......Page 70
4 The Role of Substrate Transport in Catalyst Activity......Page 74
Reaction Rates......Page 75
Substrate Transport with Reaction Model......Page 76
Qualitative Features of Substrate Transport with Reaction......Page 81
Diffusion in Polymers......Page 83
Rate Studies of Immobilized Complexes......Page 84
Summary......Page 86
Nomenclature......Page 87
Literature Cited......Page 88
5 Stability of Polymer-Supported Transition Metal Catalysts......Page 90
Chemical Instability......Page 92
Lability of the Metal-Phosphorus Bond......Page 93
Chemical Reactivity of the Metal-Phosphorus Bond......Page 94
Formation of Metal Crystallites......Page 101
Nitrogen Functionality......Page 102
Deactivation Due to Resin Chemical Stability......Page 104
Metal Leach......Page 106
Cyclopentadienyl (Cp) Ligands......Page 108
Conclusions......Page 109
LITERATURE CITED......Page 111
6 Polymeric Photosensitizers......Page 113
Enter Rose Bengal......Page 114
Photochemistry and Photophysics of Immobilized Rose Bengal......Page 116
Dye/Dye Interactions and Their Effect on Singlet Oxygen Formation.......Page 121
Spectral Properties of Heterogeneous Photosensitizers.......Page 130
Summary......Page 134
Literature Cited......Page 136
7 Polymer-Bound Oxidizing Agents......Page 138
Cationic Metal Oxidants......Page 139
Chromium(VI) oxidants......Page 142
Peracids......Page 144
Oxygen-transfer polymers......Page 147
Electron exchange polymers......Page 151
Halogenating agents......Page 154
Hypervalent iodine polymers......Page 156
Literature Cited......Page 158
8 Wittig Reactions on Polymer Supports......Page 161
Polymer Functionalization......Page 163
Wittig Reaction Conditions......Page 175
Polymer Cross-linking......Page 176
Stereochemistry......Page 178
Reactions of Polymer-Bound Aldehydes with Wittig Reagents......Page 183
Conclusions......Page 186
Literature Cited......Page 190
9 Molecular Recognition in Polymers Prepared by Imprinting with Templates......Page 192
Molecular Imprinting - a New Approach......Page 195
Polymer Optimization......Page 198
On the Origin of the Memory Effect......Page 206
Imprinting with Different Kinds of Binding Interaction......Page 208
Distance Accuracy of Two Functional Groups......Page 214
Template Effects in Metal Ions Sorption......Page 215
Imprinting in Modified Silicas......Page 219
Reactions in Imprinted Polymers......Page 226
Conclusion......Page 231
Literature Cited......Page 232
The Conventional Methods of Peptide Synthesis Methods......Page 237
Use of Polymeric Transfer Reagents In Peptide Synthesis......Page 238
Polymeric Acylating Agents......Page 241
The "Mediator" Methodology for Fully Automated Peptide Synthesis (The Two Polymeric System) (14).......Page 244
Literature Cited......Page 251
11 Site Isolation Organic Synthesis in Polystyrene Networks......Page 253
General Considerations of Reactivity within Polymer Networks......Page 256
Reactions of Difunctional Reagents with Polymer Networks......Page 259
Binding of Two Polymeric Sites......Page 263
Isolation and Aggregation of Polymer-Bound Organometallic Groups......Page 267
Reactions between Two Polymer-bound Species......Page 275
Lifetimes of Reactive Intermediates......Page 278
Synthesis of Medium and Large Ring Compounds......Page 281
Literature Cited......Page 287
Author Index......Page 292
B......Page 293
D......Page 294
H......Page 295
N......Page 296
P......Page 297
R......Page 299
S......Page 300
W......Page 301
Y......Page 302