Plasma Modification of Polyolefins: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications

Contents
Plasma Modification on Polyolefin: Necessity and Significance
1 Polyolefins: An Overview
2 Classes of Polyolefins
2.1 Polyethylenes
2.2 Polypropylene (PP)
2.3 Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM)
3 Properties of Polyolefins
4 Applications of Polyolefins
4.1 Use of Polyolefin in Medical Fields
4.2 Use of Polyolefin Fibres in Filtration
4.3 Use of Polyolefin in Transportation
4.4 Packaging Applications
5 Importance of Plasma Modification on Polyolefins
5.1 Plasma Modification: Basics and Categories
6 Characterization of Plasma Modified Surface
7 Conclusion
References
Different Techniques Used for Plasma Modification of Polyolefin Surfaces
1 Introduction
2 Plasma Definition and Classification
2.1 What is Plasma?
2.2 Plasma Classification
3 Plasma Source Configurations
3.1 Corona Discharge
3.2 RF Discharge
3.3 MW Discharge
3.4 DBD
3.5 Trends in Plasma Source Technology
4 Plasma Surface Modification Techniques
4.1 Plasma Etching
4.2 Plasma Treatment
4.3 Plasma Polymerization
5 Conclusion
References
Plasma Modified Polyolefine: Physical Changing and Applications
1 Introduction
2 Surface Modification Techniques
3 Plasma Technology
3.1 Fundamental Background
3.2 How to Apply Plasma
3.3 A Brief Review on Plasmas
3.4 Condition for Sustained Plasma
3.5 Why RF Plasma is Common?
4 Plasma Categories
5 Plasma-Pressure Classified
6 Laser-Assisted for Producing Plasma
7 Atmospheric Plasma Modification
7.1 Corona Discharges
7.2 Dielectric Barrier Discharges
7.3 Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet
8 Application Types of Plasma Technology in Polymers
9 Introducing of Plasma Gas
9.1 Inert Gas Plasmas
9.2 Oxygen-Containing Plasma
9.3 Nitrogen-Containing Plasma
9.4 Fluorine-Containing Plasma
10 Surface Properties
10.1 Functional Groups
10.2 Roughness
10.3 Surface Energy
10.4 Wettability
10.5 Adhesion
11 Polyolefin
12 Polypropylene
12.1 Homopolymer
12.2 Copolymer
12.3 Polypropylene Applications
13 Polyethylene
13.1 Polyethylene Applications
14 Plasma Performance
14.1 Plasma Modification of PP
14.2 Plasma Modification of PE
14.3 Comparison Plasma-Forming Gas
15 Application of Plasma Modified-PP and PE
15.1 What is the Membrane?
15.2 Polymeric Membrane
15.3 Membrane’s Surface Property
15.4 Applications
16 Summery
References
Plasma Texturing of Polymers
1 Introduction
2 One-Step Top-Down Plasma Texturing
2.1 Control of the Texture Thanks to the Plasma Properties
2.2 Control of the Texture Thanks to the Polymer Properties
3 One-Step Bottom-Up Plasma Texturing
4 Plasma Texturing Combined with Other Methods
4.1 Plasma Texturing Combined with Laser Irradiation
4.2 Other Combined Routes of Texturing
5 Applications of Plasma-Texturing of Polymers
5.1 Application of Plasma-Texturing of Polymers for the Optic and Electronic Fields
5.2 Application of Plasma-Texturing of Polymers for the Sensor Field
5.3 Application of Plasma-Texturing of Polymers for the Biomedical Field
5.4 Application of Plasma-Texturing of Polymers for the Metal Adhesion
6 Conclusion
References
Plasma Modification of Polyolefin Blends and Composites
1 Introduction
2 Fibre Reinforced Polyolefin Blends and Composites
3 Interfacial Adhesion in Polyolefin Blend System
4 Plasma Modification in Polyolefin Blends
5 Plasma Modification in Polyolefin Composites
6 Applications of Plasma Modified Polyolefine Blends and Composites
7 Conclusion
References
Spectroscopic Analysis of Plasma Modified Polymer Surfaces
1 Introduction
2 Working Principles of Various Spectroscopic Techniques
2.1 FTIR
2.2 SIMS and NanoSIMS
2.3 XPS
2.4 NMR and Solid-State NMR
3 Surface and Interface Characterization of Plasma Treated Polyolefins with Different Spectroscopic Techniques
4 Conclusions
References
Comparison of the Effect of Excimer Laser Irradiation and Plasma Treatment on Polypropylene Membrane Surface
1 Introduction
2 Polypropylene Membrane
3 Surface Modification Strategies
3.1 Chemical
3.2 Biological
3.3 Physical
4 Radiation
4.1 Plasma and Plasma Modification Technique
4.2 Laser-Assisted Polypropylene Modification
5 Comparison of the Laser Treatment and Plasma Modification
6 Summary
References
Surface Modification and Hydrophobic Recovery (Aging) of Polyolefin Exposed to Plasma
1 Introduction
2 Surface Modification of Polyolefins Treated by Plasma
3 Hydrophobic Recovery (Aging) Effect
4 Conclusions
References
Enhanced Fluoropolymer Surface Adhesion by a Plasma Hybrid Process—Metal Plating Technology and Its Application to Millimeter-Wave Devices
1 Introduction
2 Applicability of PTFE/Plastics in Millimeter-Wave Devices
2.1 Plastic Properties: Dielectric Constant, Dielectric Loss Tangent, and Hydrophobicity
2.2 Small-Size/High-Performance Millimeter-Wave Band Antennas
2.3 Applicability to High-Frequency Coaxial Cables
2.4 Applicability to Radomes
3 Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Hybrid Surface Treatment Toward Metal Plating of PTFE
3.1 Effect of Plasma Surface Treatment and Plasma Graft Polymerization Treatment
3.2 Principles of Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Graft Polymerization and Adhesion Improvement
3.3 Instrumentation Required for the Treatment
3.4 Effect of Gas Flow Rate on the Treatment
4 Surface Treatment Assessment and Technology for PTFE Metal Plating
4.1 Contact Angle Measurement
4.2 T-type Peeling Test Method and Results
4.3 Method of Copper Plating on PTFE and Results
4.4 Method of Nickel Plating on PTFE and Results
4.5 Microfabrication of Nickel Plating on PTFE
5 Plasma Hybrid Surface Treatment of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials
5.1 Adhesion of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials
5.2 Results and Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Plasma Surface Modification of Polymers for Biomedical Uses
1 Introduction-Concepts of Material and Plasma Processing
2 Polyolefins in Interaction with Biomedical Media
2.1 Polyethylene: Properties and Medical Applications
2.2 Polypropylene: Properties and Medical Applications
3 Plasma Technology Processing for Polyolefinic Surface Modification in Biomedical Uses
4 Conclusion
References