Placemaking and Cultural Landscapes

Foreword: Landscapes of Hope and Care
Preface and Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Author
Editors and Contributors
Part I The Framing
1 Interfaces Among Placemaking and Cultural Landscapes: Review and Appraisal
1.1 Placemaking: A Vision and March
1.2 Culture and Global Understanding
1.3 Cultural Landscape: Enveloping Heritage
1.4 Placemaking, Cultural Heritage, and SDGs
References
2 Vision and Exposition of Placemaking Under ACLA: Homage and Memorial Tribute to Sung-Kyun Kim
2.1 Initiation: Platform and Career
2.2 Sung-Kyun Kim: Career and Leadership
2.3 Sung-Kyun Kim: Patronizing the ACLA and Guidance
2.4 Sung-Kyun Kim: Contributions to Placemaking and Cultural Landscape
2.5 Sung-Kyun Kim: Vision and Action
References
3 Pung-su: Evolving Cultural Landscapes and Placemaking in Korea
3.1 Culture and Pung-su: Nature-Human Interconnectedness
3.2 Pung-su in Korea
3.3 The Attributes Framing Pung-su and Promoting Placemaking
3.4 Hahoe (Hahwe): Village on the Winding River
3.5 Epilogue: Concluding Remarks
References
4 Cultural Landscapes: Integrating Culture and Nature to Uplift Global Sustainability Through the Lenses of the UN SDGs 2030 Agenda
4.1 Introduction
4.2 The Concept of Sustainability and the UN SDGs
4.3 The Biocultural Diversity of Cultural Landscapes
4.4 Sustainability and Cultural Landscapes
4.5 Budj Bim, Australia, Indigenous Landscape
4.6 Jackson Park, Unites States, Designed Historic Landscape
4.7 UNESCO HUL and Indian Urban Heritage
4.8 Conclusion
References
5 Branding the Image of Religious Heritage in India
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Start of Incredible India Campaign
5.3 An Overview of Visual Representation in Indian Tourism Campaigns
5.4 Case Study 1: Journey to God’s Own Country
5.5 Case Study 2: Breathe in a Bit of Gujarat
5.6 Dynamics Between Religious Heritage and Tourism
5.7 Evaluation-Based Image Branding
5.8 Concluding Remarks
Notes
References
6 Cultural Landscapes: Essence and Application Perspectives in Georgia
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Definition, Essence and Geography of Cultural Landscape
6.3 Traditional Agricultural (Agro) Landscapes—Peculiarities of Structure and Functioning
6.4 Cultural Landscapes of Georgia (for UNESCO Nomination)
6.5 Large-Scale Cultural Landscape—Historical–Geographical Province of Kakheti
6.6 Medium-Scale Cultural Landscape—Truso Valley
6.7 Medium-Scale Cultural Landscape (#2)—Khevsureti Mountain Region
6.8 Small-Scale Cultural Landscape—Vardzia Canyon (Mtkvari River Valley)
6.9 Conclusion
References
Part II Placemaking: Identity and Exposition
7 Ayodhya, India: Placemaking and Transformation of Historic Urban Landscape
7.1 Ayodhya: The Geographical Personality
7.2 Historical Context
7.3 Rāmajanmabhumi: Placemaking and Rejuvenation
7.4 Queen Huh Memorial Park: Cultural Strategy and Placemaking of Ayodhya
7.5 Indo-Korean Interfaces in Placemaking Through Queen Hue Memorial Park
7.6 Prospecting Placemaking: Reviving the Essence of Holy-Heritage Cities
References
8 Placemaking Approach in Revitalizing Cultural Tourism in Temple Towns: Case of Melukote, Karnataka
8.1 Introduction: Temple Towns as Cultural Landscapes
8.2 Methodology
8.3 Need to Revitalize the Temple Towns as Heritage Sites
8.4 Placemaking as a Strategy for Revitalizing Temple Towns and Foster Cultural Tourism
8.5 Context Study of a Cultural and Heritage Site—Melukote, Temple Town South Karnataka
8.5.1 Tangible and Intangible Layers of Melukote
8.6 Context Study and Analysis
8.7 Proposed Placemaking Strategies for Temple Town—Context Melukote
8.8 Conclusion
References
9 The Challenges of Integrated Conservation and Development in Historic Rural Landscapes; Case Study: The Historic Villages of East Azerbaijan, Iran
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Historic Rural Landscape
9.3 Challenges in the Conservation of Historic Rural Environments
9.4 Challenges of Rural Development and Conservation in Iran
9.5 Case Study: Four Villages in the East Azerbaijan Province, Iran
9.5.1 Historic Rural Landscape of Ushtabin, Jolfa, Iran
9.5.2 Historic Rural Landscape of Kandovan, Osku, Iran
9.5.3 Historic Rural Landscape of Jeraghil, Azarshahr, Iran
9.5.4 Historic Rural Landscape of Zonuzaq, Marand, Iran
9.6 Existing Challenges in Historic Rural Landscape of East Azerbaijan Villages
9.7 Concluding Remarks
References
10 Chinese Cities as Sacred Landscapes: The Case of the Capitals of the Ming Dynasty
10.1 Introduction
10.2 The Project of Ming Nanjing
10.3 The City Walls
10.4 The Imperial Palace
10.5 The New Capital in Fengyang
10.5.1 The Urban Plan
10.5.2 The Sacred Landscape of the New Capital
10.6 Ming Beijing
10.6.1 The Urban Plan
10.6.2 Astronomy and Feng Shui of Ming Beijing
10.7 Conclusions
References
11 Archetypal Characters of Sacred Places and Cultural Landscape: Sansa, Korean Buddhist Mountain Monasteries Comparing Cistercian Architecture
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Buddhism in Korea and Sansa Construction
11.3 The Uniqueness of Sansa
11.3.1 Tongdosa Temple
11.3.2 Buseoksa Temple
11.3.3 Bongjeongsa Temple
11.3.4 Beopjusa Temple
11.3.5 Magoksa Temple
11.3.6 Seonamsa Temple
11.3.7 Daeheungsa Temple
11.4 Comparison Between the Seven Sansa Temples
11.5 The Archetypal Characters in Formulating Sacred Sansa
11.6 The New Cistercian Order in the European Medieval Christian World
11.6.1 Isolated Natural Settings Near Water
11.6.2 Saint Bernard of Clairvaux (1090–1153)
11.6.3 Cistercian Architecture in Simplicity
11.6.4 Tintern Abbey: Sacred-Industrial-Tourist Place
11.7 Buddhist Sansa and Cistercian Sacred Building in the Monastery Setting
11.8 Cultural Landscape and Sensing Spirits of Places
11.9 Concluding Remarks
References
12 Placemaking of the Barotse Cultural Landscape, Zambia
12.1 Introduction
12.2 The Barotse Cultural Landscape
12.3 Elements of the Barotse Cultural Landscape
12.3.1 Royal Burial Sites
12.3.2 The Kuomboka Ceremony
12.3.3 Historic Canals
12.3.4 Royal Palaces
12.3.5 Mounds
12.3.6 Liuwa National Park
12.3.7 Natural Resources
12.3.8 Other Elements of the Barotse Cultural Landscape
12.4 Management System
12.5 Factors Affecting the Management of the Barotse Cultural Landscape
12.5.1 Change with Time
12.5.2 Adoption of a Foreign Religion
12.5.3 Leadership in Barotseland
12.6 Concluding Remarks
References
13 Pandemics, Situational Under-Tourism, and the Search for Sustainability
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Epidemics vs. Pandemics
13.3 Pandemics and Tourism
13.4 New Normal
13.5 Situational Under-Tourism
13.6 Conclusion: The Search for Sustainability
References
14 Post-COVID-19 Strategies: Cloisters as Urban Oasis to Reconnect Heritage and Communities
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Florentine Heritage of Religious Interest and Cloisters
14.3 The Framework of the UNESCO Initiative on Heritage of Religious Interest
14.4 The Florentine Experience
14.5 Future Perspectives: Need of a Census and a Geo-referencing of Cloisters
14.6 Concluding Remarks
References
Part III Cultural Landscapes: Emergence and Scenario
15 Archaeological Sites in Northern Japan: Interfacing Landscape and Sacred Rituals
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Jomon Culture: The History
15.3 Jomon Archaeological Sites
15.3.1 Odai Yamamoto Site
15.3.2 Sannai Maruyama Site
15.3.3 Komakino Stone Circle
15.3.4 Oyu Stone Circles
15.3.5 Kitakogane Site
15.3.6 Irie Site
15.4 Sacred Stone Circles
15.5 Concluding Remarks
References
16 (Dis)Continuous Spiritual Significance and Ritual Use of Çatalhöyük and Ephesus Archaeological Landscapes: A Comparative Historical Overview
16.1 Introduction: World Heritage of Spiritual Significance as a Source of Conflict or Dialogue?
16.2 Tolerance Without Acceptance: “The Goddess” at Çatalhöyük
16.3 Acceptance Without Tolerance: “The Mother” at Ephesus
16.4 Discussion: (Dis)Continuities in Comparative Perspective
16.5 Concluding Remarks
References
17 Cultural Landscape Modelling: A Practical Approach for Evaluating Sustainability. The Historic Village “Maymand” in Iran
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Theoretical Frameworks
17.2.1 Cultural Landscape Characters
17.2.2 Cultural Landscape of Iran
17.2.3 Cultural and Environmental Value in the Rural Landscape
17.2.4 Rural Landscape Sustainability
17.3 Meymand, Kerman Province, Iran
17.4 Finding and Discussion
17.4.1 Spatial Patterns and Culture
17.4.2 Paradox of Economy and Environment
17.4.3 Cultural and Environmental Value in Meymand
17.4.4 Spatial Patterns and Natural Environment
17.4.5 Economy
17.5 Conclusion
References
18 Reuse of Unoccupied Religious Monuments for Tourist Accommodation: Santa Maria da Ínsua (North of Portugal)
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Cultural Heritage and Tourism
18.3 The Revive Programme
18.4 The Convent and Fortress of Santa Maria da Ínsua in Caminha
18.4.1 Historical Framework
18.4.2 Architecture and Outstanding Value
18.4.3 Strategies for Heritage Protection
18.5 The Tourism-Related Indicators of Caminha
18.6 Discussion
18.7 Conclusion
References
19 Survival of Heritage in Majuli in the Context of Climate Change
19.1 Questioning the Survival and the Place Personality
19.2 Heritage
19.3 Resilience to Foster Cultural Rights and Justice
19.4 Heritage of Majuli
19.5 Observations from the Field
19.6 Concluding Remarks
References
20 ‘Pūch’ as an Institution for Maintaining the Cultural Landscape of the Kullu Valley
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Literature Review
20.3 The Institution of Pūch in the Kullu Valley: The Land, the Debatās, and the People
20.4 Shamanistic Rituals, Pūch, and Environmental Management
20.5 Concluding Remarks
References