Drawing on their many years of experience in various orthopaedic settings, the authors of this valuable resource describe how to apply clinical reasoning to a diverse range of patient problems. The content of the book progresses logically from normal to abnormal findings and from simple to complex conditions. Engaging case studies and self-assessment sections help readers develop a reasoned and logical approach to the management of orthopaedic patients.Chapter summaries emphasize key areas of importance.Case studies illustrate problem-solving approaches and demonstrate how to manage specific client groups.Objectives and prerequisites are included for each section, alerting readers to what they should know before and after reading.Reading and practice assignments include recommended prerequisite knowledge and experience.Well-illustrated text includes line diagrams, photographs, and radiographs to clarify important concepts.New chapters on Hydrotherapy and Gait present current knowledge on these areas.Chapters have been updated to include more information on the upper limb.Chapters on Decision Making and Clinical Reasoning in Orthopaedics and Gait Analysis in the Clinical Situation have been thoroughly updated and revised.
Author(s): Karen Atkinson, Fiona J. Coutts, Anne-Marie Hassenkamp
Edition: 2
Year: 2005
Language: English
Pages: 374
Contents......Page 5
Preface......Page 7
Preface to first edition......Page 9
THE NATURE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY......Page 11
STRUCTURE OF THIS BOOK......Page 13
SUMMARY......Page 15
PROBLEM SOLVING......Page 17
SO, WHAT IS PROBLEM SOLVING?......Page 20
MENTAL SETS. FIXED THINKING AND MENTAL BLOCKS......Page 23
MENTAL OPERATIONS FOR EFFECTIVE PROBLEM SOLVING......Page 25
WELL-DEFINED AND ILL-DEFINED PROBLEMS......Page 27
EXPERIENCE OF THE PROBLEM SOLVER......Page 28
THE ROLE OF MEMORY......Page 30
ANALOGICAL PROBLEM SOLVING......Page 32
DECISION MAKING......Page 33
SUMMARY......Page 34
2 Changes in the musculoskeletal system......Page 37
DEVELOPMENT......Page 38
JOINTS......Page 46
AGEING......Page 50
SUMMARY......Page 56
3 Recognition of change in the musculoskeletal system: assessment......Page 63
HEALTH MODELS......Page 64
ASSESSMENT IN GENERAL......Page 66
ASSESSMENT OF ORTHOPAEDIC PATIENTS......Page 70
INTERPRETING THE ASSESSMENT RESULTS......Page 76
SUMMARY......Page 77
4 Decision making and clinical reasoning in orthopaedics......Page 81
INTRODUCTION......Page 82
THE RANGE OF ORTHOPAEDICS......Page 83
ORTHOPAEDIC PROBLEMS: GENERAL POINTS......Page 84
KNOWLEDGE BASE AND NOVICE/EXPERT DIFFERENCES......Page 86
MODELS OF CLINICAL REASONING......Page 88
CONCLUSIONS......Page 94
SUMMARY......Page 95
5 Management of fractures......Page 99
CLASSIFICATION OF FRACTURES......Page 100
CAUSES OF FRACTURES......Page 102
REDUCTION......Page 104
IMMOBILIZATION......Page 106
PHYSIOTHERAPY ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT......Page 117
REHABILITATION: THREE CASE HISTORIES......Page 120
SUMMARY......Page 135
6 Soft tissue injuries......Page 143
INTRODUCTION......Page 144
CLASSIFICATION OF SOFT TISSUEINJURIES......Page 147
MANAGEMENT OF SOFT TISSUE INJURIES......Page 148
LIGAMENTOUS INJURIES......Page 150
MUSCLES AND TENDONS......Page 158
SUMMARY......Page 165
7 Rheumatic conditions......Page 169
INTRODUCTION......Page 170
THE RHEUMATIC DISORDERS......Page 171
PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT......Page 172
OSTEOARTHROSIS......Page 177
ASSESSMENT OF THE PATIENT WITH OSTEOARTHROSIS......Page 182
CLINICAL FEATURES OF OSTEOARTHROSIS......Page 185
IDENTIFICATION OF PATIENT PROBLEMS AND GOALS OF MANAGEMENT......Page 188
GENERAL MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES FOR PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATIC CONDITIONS......Page 189
ELEMENTS OF PHYSIOTHERAPY MANAGEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATIC CONDITIONS......Page 196
APPLICATION OF MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES TO CASE STUDY......Page 198
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS......Page 201
ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS......Page 215
ARTHRITIS IN C H I L D R EN......Page 225
RHEUMATIC CONDITIONS IN CHILDHOOD......Page 230
THE IMPACT OF CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE DISEASE......Page 234
SUMMARY......Page 236
INTRODUCTION: OVERVIEW OF JOINT REPLACEMENTS......Page 241
HIP JOINT......Page 246
KNEE JOINT......Page 257
SUMMARY OF HIP AND KNEE REPLACEMENT......Page 269
UPPER LIMB JOINT REPLACEMENT......Page 270
CONCLUSIONS......Page 271
9 Bone diseases......Page 277
INTRODUCTION......Page 278
CLASSIFICATION OF BONE DISEASES......Page 279
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF BONE......Page 281
GENERAL DISORDERS OF THE SKELETON IN CHILDREN......Page 283
OSTEOPOROSIS......Page 284
LOCAL AFFECTIONS OF BONE......Page 286
ASSESSMENT OF THE PATIENT WITH BONE DISEASE......Page 287
PAGET'S DISEASE......Page 289
OSTEOSARCOMA......Page 291
SUMMARY......Page 294
10 Gait assessment in the clinical situation......Page 297
TERMINOLOGY AND DEFINITIONS OF NORMAL ADULT GAIT......Page 298
TIME AND DISTANCE DATA......Page 300
GAIT ASSESSMENT IN THE THERAPEUTIC ENVIRONMENT......Page 302
SUMMARY......Page 313
11 Hydrotherapy in orthopaedics......Page 319
INTRODUCTION......Page 320
PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES......Page 321
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF IMMERSION......Page 329
THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF HYDROTHERAPY......Page 331
HEALTH AND SAFETY......Page 334
POOL MANAGEMENT......Page 339
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF HYDROTHERAPY......Page 343
SUMMARY......Page 344
Index......Page 359
