Palm Trees and Fruits Residues: Recent Advances for Integrated and Sustainable Management

Cover
Title
Half title
Copyright
Contents
Foreword
Editors biographies
Contributors
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1 Identification, Quantification and Characterization of palm-tree and fruit wastes
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Date palm tree
1.2.1 Date Palm Residues Quantification
1.2.2 Date Palm Residues Characterization
1.3 Palm oil waste
1.3.1 Palm oil tree residues
1.3.2 By-products in Palm Oil Mill Plants
1.4 Coconut palm trees
1.4.1 Main produced wastes identification and quantification
1.4.2 Produced wastes characterization
1.5 Sustainable valorization of palm wastes
1.5.1 Biofuels production
1.5.2 Activated carbon production
1.5.3 Biochar production
1.5.4 Organic fertilizer production
1.5.5 Natural fibers composites and nanocomposites production
Conclusion
References
Chapter 2 Palm trees and fruits residues use for livestock feeding
2.1 Palm trees and fruits residues use for livestock feeding
2.2 Introduction and classification of palm trees and fruits
2.3 Palm trees and fruits residual products and their estimated production
2.3.1 Residues from oil palm trees and fruits
2.3.2 Residues from coconut palm trees and fruits
2.3.3 Residues from date palm trees and fruits
2.4 Nutrient profile and use of different residual products in feeding of livestock animals
2.4.1 Oil palm residues
2.4.2 Palm oil mill effluent \(POME\)
2.4.3 Coconut palm residues
2.4.4 Date palm residues
Conclusion
References
Chapter 3 Ingredients for food products
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Cultivation
3.3 Wastes Production
3.4 Impacts of Palm waste on the Environment
3.5 Palm waste management
3.6 Waste and byproduct utilization
3.7 Bioactive ingredients of by byproducts
3.7.1 Anti-oxidant
3.7.2 Coloring substances
3.7.3 Flavorings
3.7.4 Food preservatives
3.7.5 Sweeteners
3.7.6 Firming additives
3.8 Sustainability
Conclusion
References
Chapter 4 Palm trees and fruits residues^^e2^^80^^99 usage for human health
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Date palm \(Phoenix dactylifera\)
4.3 Coconut palm \(Cocos nucifera\)
4.4 Oil palm \(Elaeis guineensis\)
4.5 Sugar palm \(Arenga pinnata\)
4.6 Areca palm \(Areca catechu\)
4.7 A^^c3^^a7a^^c3^^ad palm \(Euterpe oleracea\)
4.8 Saw palmetto \(Serenoa repens\)
Concluding remarks
References
Chapter 5 Palm wastes for bio-based materials production
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Bio-based materials production
5.2.1 Bio-insulation materials
5.2.2 Biocomposites
5.2.3 Particleboard
5.2.4 Fire resistant materials
Conclusion
References
Chapter 6 Agricultural applications
6.1 Importance of organic matter in agricultural soils
6.2 Parts and forms of palm residues used as organic amendments
6.3 Impact of palm residues on amended soils
6.3.1 Physico-chemical properties
6.3.2 Biological properties
Conclusions
References
Chapter 7 Palm wastes valorization for wastewaters treatment
7.1 Synthesis and physico-chemical characterization of palm-wastes-derived biochars
7.1.1 Biochar/ hydrochar
7.1.2 Biochar/ hydrochar production methods
7.1.3 Modified biochar preparation
7.1.4 Characterization of biochar
7.2 Synthesis and physico-chemical characterization of palm-wastes-derived activated carbon
7.2.1 Activated carbon
7.2.2 Characterization of ACs
7.3 Organic compounds removal by raw and modified palm wastes
7.3.1 Adsorption onto chemical and heat-treated palm wastes
7.3.2 Adsorption onto palm wastes activated carbon
7.4 Application of palm-wastes-derived-adsorbents for heavy metals removal from wastewaters \(raw^^c2^^a0+^^c2^^a0modified biochars/ activated carbons\)
7.4.1 Adsorption onto raw palm wastes
7.4.2 Adsorption onto palm wastes derived biochars
7.4.3 Adsorption onto palm wastes derived activated carbons
7.5 Nutrients recovery by palm-wastes-derived materials
Conclusions
References
Chapter 8 Palm wastes reuse for gaseous effluent treatment
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Adsorbents deriving from palm wastes for removal of gaseous pollutants
8.2.1 Ammonia
8.2.2 Carbon dioxide
8.2.3 Hydrogen sulfide
8.2.4 Sulfur oxide
8.2.5 Nitrogen oxides
8.2.6 Volatile organic compounds \(VOCs\)
Conclusion
References
Chapter 9 Biofuels production
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Biogas production
9.2.1 The biochemical process of anaerobic digestion
9.2.2 Application to palm tree wastes and palm fruit residues
9.2.3 The ad parameters and operating data
9.3 Biodiesel production
9.3.1 Chemical process of biodiesel production
9.3.2 Application to palm tree wastes and palm fruit residues
9.4 Bioethanol production
9.4.1 Bioethanol production process
9.4.2 Application to palm tree wastes and palm fruit residues
9.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 10 Thermochemical conversion
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Palm wastes densification and direct combustion
10.3 Conversion into a solid coal-fuel by torrefaction
10.4 Conversion into energy-rich products by pyrolysis
10.5 Conversion into a hydrochar-fuel by hydrothermal carbonization
10.6 Conversion into combustible gas by gasification
10.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 11 The biorefinery concept for the industrial valorization of palm tree and fruit wastes
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Added-value compounds obtained from palm tree and fruit wastes
11.3 Antioxidants
11.4 Composites
11.5 Biofuels and bioenergy
11.6 Other compounds from palm and fruits wastes
11.7 Integral valorisation of palm trees and fruits wastes
11.8 Conclusions
References
Index