Oxford Handbook for Foundation Programme

Cover
Half-Title
Published and forthcoming Oxford Handbooks
Title
Copyright
Preface
Dedication
Acknowledgements
Endpaper_Front
Emergency topics
Arrests
Adult resuscitation
Obstetric resuscitation
Neonatal resuscitation
Paediatric resuscitation
Trauma resuscitation
Emergencies
Abdominal pain
Aggressive behaviour
Anaphylaxis
Bradyarrhythmia
Breathlessness
Burns
Chest pain
Clotting abnormalities
Coma
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
GI bleed
Hepatic encephalopathy
High INR
Hyperglycaemia
Hyperkalaemia
Hyperosmolar non-ketotic state (HONK)
Hypertension
Hypoglycaemia
Hypokalaemia
Hypotension
Hypoxia
Limb pain
Liver failure
Overdose
Paediatric seizure
Psychosis
Rash
Red eye
Reduced GCS
Renal failure/kidney injury
Shock
Shortness of breath
Stridor
Stroke
Tachyarrhythmia
Seizures
Normal values
Contents
Symbols and abbreviations
Introduction
10 tips on being a safe junior doctor
10 tips on being a happy doctor
1 Being a doctor
The Foundation Programme
The Foundation Programme
Applying to the Foundation Programme
The FP curriculum and assessment
Healthcare in the UK
Starting as an F1
Before you start
Your first day
Occupational health
What to carry
How to be an F1
Getting organized
Being efficient
Communication
Patient- centred care
Communication and conduct
Breaking bad news
Cross- cultural communication
Outside agencies
Quality and ethics
Clinical governance quality
Medical ethics
Patient confidentiality
Capacity
Consent
When things go wrong
Medical errors
Complaints
Incident reporting
Colleagues and problems
Hating your job
Relaxation
Causes of stress
Boring but important stuff
Pay and contracts
Making more money
Money and debt
NHS entitlements
Your career
Specialty training
Specialty training applications
Career structure
Specialty training options
Specialty training competition
Choosing a job
Specialties in medicine
Your curriculum vitae
Post- Foundation Programme CV
Interviews
Membership exams
Continuing your education
Audit
Presentations and teaching
Teaching medical students
Research and academia
2 Life on the wards
The medical team
The multidisciplinary team
Daily ward duties
Ward rounds
Being on- call
Night shifts
Writing in the notes
Common symbols in the notes
Anatomical terms and planes
Forms
Discharge summaries (TTOs/ TTAs)
Fitness to work notes
Referrals
Referral letters
Investigation requests
Radiology
Common ward dilemmas
Pain
Thinking about death
Palliative care
The dying patient
Death
Nutrition
Nutritional requirements
Difficult patients
Aggression and violence
Needle- stick injuries
Surgery
Pre- op assessment
Bowel preparation
Surgical terminology
Preparing in- patients for surgery
Booking theatre lists
Surgical instruments
The operating theatre
Post- op care
Post- op problems
Wound management
Common elective operations
Stomas
3 History and examination
Basic history
Basic examination
Recording your clerking
Medicine
Cardiovascular
Respiratory
Gastrointestinal
Neurological
Endocrine
Skin
Oncological/ haematological
Surgery
Breast (male and female)
Eyes
Head and neck
Musculoskeletal
Urological
Other specialties
Female reproductive system
Obstetric
Psychiatric
Neonatal examination
Paediatric
4 Prescribing
Prescribing— general considerations
How to prescribe— best practice
Drug interactions
Reporting adverse drug reactions
Special considerations
Controlled drugs
Enzyme inducers and inhibitors
Endocarditis prophylaxis
Night sedation
Steroid therapy
Topical corticosteroids
Empirical antibiotic treatment
Clostridium difficile (C. diff)
5 Pharmacopoeia
6 Resuscitation
Early warning scores
Intensive care
● Peri- arrest
● In- hospital resuscitation
● Advanced Life Support (ALS)
● Arrest equipment and tests
● Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS)
● Paediatric Basic Life Support
● Newborn Life Support (NLS)
● Obstetric arrest
7 Cardiovascular
● Chest pain emergency
Chest pain
● Tachyarrhythmia emergency
Tachyarrhythmias
● Bradyarrhythmia emergency
Bradyarrhythmias
● Hypertension emergency
Hypertension
Heart failure
8 Respiratory
● Breathlessness and low sats emergency
Breathlessness and low sats
● Stridor in a conscious adult patient
Cough
9 Gastroenterology
● Abdominal pain emergency
Abdominal pain
● GI bleeding emergency
Acute upper GI bleeds
Acute lower GI bleeds
Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhoea
Constipation
● Liver failure emergency
Liver failure
Jaundice
10 Endocrinology
● Hypoglycaemia emergency
Hypoglycaemia
● Hyperglycaemia emergency
Hyperglycaemia
Sliding scales
Diabetes mellitus
Pituitary axis
Adrenal disease
Thyroid disease
11 Neurology
● Coma and reduced GCS emergency
Coma and reduced GCS
● Adult seizures emergency
● Paediatric seizures emergency
Seizures
Neurodegenerative disorders
● Stroke/ CVA/ TIA emergency
Stroke
Focal neurology
Back pain
Headache
Dizziness
12 Psychiatry
● Aggressive behaviour emergency
Mental Health Act (MHA)
Alcoholism
Aggression and violence
Acute confusion
Dementia
Mood disturbance/ psychosis
Anxiety disorders/ neuroses
Insomnia
13 Fluids and renal
Acute kidney injury
Chronic kidney disease
Haematuria
Proteinuria
Glomerular disease
Urological disorders
Low urine output
IV fluids
● Potassium emergencies
Electrolyte imbalance
14 Haematology
Anaemia
Transfusion of blood products
● Clotting emergencies
Bleeding disorders
Anticoagulation
15 Skin and eyes
● Rash emergency
Rash
Bacterial infections causing a rash
Viral infections causing a rash
Fungal infections causing a rash
Infestations causing a rash
Chronic inflammatory rashes
Other causes of rash
Skin lumps
Skin cancers
Breast lumps
Leg ulcers
● Acute red eye emergency
Sudden visual loss
Gradual visual loss
Other visual disturbances
16 Emergency department
Trauma
Head injury
Neck injury
Falls and collapse
● Acutely painful limb emergency
Acute limb pain
Chronic limb pain
Limb swelling
Joint pain
Neck lumps
ENT
Groin lumps
● Burns emergency
Burns
● Anaphylaxis in adults
Hypotension (systolic <100mmHg)
● Hypotension emergency
Shock
Pyrexia
● Overdose emergency
Overdose and deliberate self- harm
Vaginal bleeding
Gynaecological causes of pain
Contraception
Early pregnancy (1st trimester)
Later pregnancy (2nd/ 3rd trimester)
Delivery
After delivery (post- partum)
17 Procedures
Practical procedures
Laboratories
Achievement of Core Foundation Skills
Blood and injections
Taking blood (venepuncture)
Femoral stab
Blood tubes
IV cannulation
Taking blood in children
Arterial blood gas (ABG)
SC/ IM injections
IV injections
Cardiology
ECGs and cardiac monitors
Exercise tolerance test
Chemical cardioversion (adenosine)
Cardioversion and defibrillation
Central lines
Thrombolysis
Respiratory
Pleural tap
Chest drain (Seldinger method)
Endotracheal intubation (adult)
Laryngeal mask airway (LMA)
Urology
Urethral catheterization
Replacing a suprapubic catheter
Gastroenterology
Replacing a PEG feeding tube
Nasogastric (NG) tubes
Ascitic tap (abdominal paracentesis)
Neurology
Lumbar puncture (LP)
Others
Normal vaginal delivery
Joint aspiration and injection
Local anaesthetic (LA)
Suturing
Reduction of fractures and dislocations
18 Interpreting results
Blood tests
Full blood count (FBC)
Clotting
Cardiac markers
Inflammatory response
Urea and electrolytes (U+E)
Liver function tests (LFTs) and amylase
Calcium and phosphate
Endocrine tests
Cardiology
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Respiratory
Chest X- ray (CXR)
Arterial blood gases (ABGs)
Respiratory function tests
Gastrointestinal
Abdomen X- ray (AXR)
Urine tests
Neurological
CSF
Musculoskeletal
Autoantibodies and associated diseases
Cervical spine radiographs
Skeletal radiographs
Appendices
Useful numbers and websites
Height conversion
Weight conversion
Body mass index (BMI)
Driving regulations (2016)
Interesting cases
Telephone numbers 1
Your firm’s timetable 1
Telephone numbers 2
Your firm’s timetable 2
Telephone numbers 3
Your firm’s timetable 3
Index
Index
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Endpaper
Common adult drug doses
Empirical antibiotic choices BNF 5.1
Emergency adult drug doses
Adult Advanced Life Support Algorithm (2015)
Page Numbers
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675