Nitrogen containing compounds produced by industrial processes are pollutants which pose a significant environmental and health hazard. There are a number of processes that have been devised for removing nitrogen compounds from wastewater. This reference book summarizes different denitrification methods for wastewater processing. The book introduces readers to toxic nitrogen compounds responsible for water pollution. This introduction is followed by chapters which explain different nitrogen removal methods including conventional methods, biological methods, food industry wastewater treatment and new approaches towards environmental pollution remediation: Bio Electrochemical Systems (BESs). This book is a handy reference guide for industrial and environmental engineers and students learning about wastewater management and industrial denitrification.
Author(s): Edris Hoseinzadeh
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
Year: 2019
Language: English
Pages: 166
City: Singapore
Cover
Title
Copyright
End User License Agreement
Contents
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgements
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
List of Contributors
Conventional Methods and Techniques of Nitrogen Removal from Water
Saeb Ahmadi1, Saman Hoseinzadeh2, Mohammad Mahdi Shadman1, Omid Rahmanian3 and Khadijeh Jafari4,*
INTRODUCTION
Physical and Chemical Methods of Nitrogen Removal from Water and Wastewater
Ion Exchange
Reverse Osmosis (RO)
Electrodialysis
Physico-Chemical Removal of Ammonia
Ammonia Air and Steam Stripping
The Deposition of Ammonia in The Form of Struvite
AMMONIA AND CHLORAMINES REMOVAL BY ACTIVATED CARBON
Nanotechnology
Electrochemical Processes
Electrochemical Reduction (ER)
Electrocoagulation (EC) Processes
Redox (Oxidation-Reduction) Reactions
Adsorption
Adsorption with Natural Materials
CONCLUSION
CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
REFERENCES
Biological Methods for Nitrogen Removal
Saeb Ahmadi1,*, Edris Hosseinzade2, Ashkan Sami Vand3 and Hooshyar Hossini4
INTRODUCTION
Nitrification
Effective Factors at Nitrification Process
Presence of Ammonia
Dissolved Oxygen (DO)
Temperature
Light
pH
Alkalinity and Inorganic Carbon
Organic Carbon
Micro Nutrient Limitation
Biological Denitrification
The Effective Factors on Denitrification Process
Nitrate Concentration
pH
Temperature
Hardness and Alkalinity
Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP)
Hydrogen Concentration
Carbon Resource
Reactor Technology
ANAMMOX
The Effective Factors on Anammox Process
Free Ammonia and Ammonium
Nitrite
Organic Materials
Temperature and pH
Salinity
Oxygen
Partial Nitrication
Effective Parameters for Partial Nitrification
pH
DO
Temperature
Light
Simultaneous Nitrification Denitrification (SND)
Combined Partial Nitrification and Anammox Process
CONCLUSION
CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
REFERENCES
Conventional and Novel Biological Nitrogen Removal Processes for Nitrogen Removal from Food Industries Wastewater
Ghazaleh Mirbolouki Tochaei1, Mehrdad Farrokhi2, Mehrdad Moslemzadeh1, Saeid Ildari1 and Mostafa Mahdavianpour3,*
INTRODUCTION
CONVENTIONAL NITRIFICATION-DENITRIFICATION
NITROGEN REMOVAL FROM FOOD INDUSTRY USING CONVENTIONAL NITRIFICATION-DENITRIFICATION
NOVEL BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES FOR NITROGEN REMOVAL
SHARON PROCESS
Effective Factors for SHARON Process
Applicability Aspects of the SHARON Process
SHARON- HETEROTROPHIC DENITRITATION
ANAMMOX PROCESS
SHARON-ANAMMOX PROCESS IN-SERIES
CANON PROCESS (SHARON-ANAMMOX IN SINGLE REACTOR)
OXYGEN-LIMITED AUTOTROPHIC NITRIFICATION/DENITRIFI-CATION (OLAND) PROCESS
OTHER PROCESSES
NOX Process
Denitrifying Ammonia Oxidation (DEAMOX) Process
Aerobic Deammonification
Heterotrophic Nitrification-Aerobic Denitrification
COMPARING CONVENTIONAL AND NOVEL BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN REMOVAL PROCESSES
CONCLUDING REMARKS
CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
REFERENCES
Bio Electrochemical Systems: A New Approach Towards Environmental Pollution Remediation Biotechnology
Khadijeh Jafari1, Edris Hossienzadeh2, Mohammad Amin Mirnasab3,*, Ghorban Asgari4, Ayub Ebadi Fathabad5 and Sakine Shekoohiyan1
INTRODUCTION
Types of Bioelectrochemical Systems
Microbial Fuel Cells
Microorganisms Function in Microbial Fuel Cells
APPLICATIONS
Electricity Generation
Bio - Hydrogen
Wastewater Treatment
Biosensors
Microbes Used in Microbial Fuel Cells
Design of Microbial Fuel Cells
Performances of Microbial Fuel Cells
Effects of Operating Conditions
Removal of Contaminants in Microbial Fuel Cells on the Anode
On the Cathode
In Integrated Systems
Challenges and Solutions Presented
BIOFUEL CELLS
Enzymatic Biofuel Cell Applications
Enzymatic Biofuel Cell Challenges
Sustainability
Electrical Efficiency
Introduction of MEC
MEC
Structure and Operating Principle
Electrode Catalyst Materials
General MEC Design
Conclusion (Perspectives of Application)
CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
REFERENCES
Nitrogen Removal in Bio Electrochemical Systems
Edris Hoseinzadeh1, Hooshyar Hossini2, Mahdi Farzadkia3, Mahshid Loloei4,*, Reza Shokuhi5, Bahram Kamarei6 and Reza Barati Rashvanlou3
INTRODUCTION
MICROBIAL FUEL CELLS (MFCS)
Oxidation-Reaction-Potential (ORP) Reactions in MFCs
Denitrification in MFCs
Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC)
Bioelectrodes
Direct Electron Transfer (DET)
Mediated Electron Transfer
FACTORS CONTROLLING REMOVAL OF ORGANIC MATTER IN BIO-ANODES
Effect of pH
ANODE MATERIAL AND ITS AVAILABLE SURFACE
DISTANCE BETWEEN ELECTRODES
CONCENTRATION OF ORGANIC MATTER
BIO-ANODE PERFORMANCE
DENITRIFICATION CONTROLLER FACTORS IN BIO-CATHODE
pH Effect
Electric Current Effect
The Electrodes Material Effect
Bio-Cathode Performance
REMOVAL OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS SIMULTANEOUS WITH DENITRIFICATION
REMOVAL OF NITROGENOUS COMPOUNDS IN BIO-ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS (BESS)
NITRIFICATION/DENITRIFICATION IN CATHODE
BIO-ELECTROCHEMICAL DENITRIFICATION IN BIOFILM ELECTRODE REACTORS (BERS)
THE THEORY OF DENITRIFICATION IN BERS
Design and Characteristics of BERs
MICROBIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY OF BIOLOGICAL DENITRIFI-CATION IN WASTEWATER
THE FACTORS CONTROLLING THE POPULATION STRUCTURE OF DENITRIFIERS
Carbon Source
Methanol
Ethanol
Acetate
Other Sources of Carbon
Input Wastewater
SALINITY
COD/N RATIO
BIOFILM GROWTH
OPERATING CONDITIONS
FACTORS CONTROLLING THE FUNCTION OF BACTERIA AND THE DOMINANT MECHANISMS
Carbon Source
Temperature and pH
Dissolved Oxygen (DO)
Nitrogen Oxides
CONCLUSION
CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
REFERENCES
Subject Index
Back Cover
