From the preface:
“Neural Metabolism In Vivo aims to provide a comprehensive overview of neurobiology by presenting the basic principles of up-to-date and cutting-edge technology, as well as their application in assessing the functional, morphological and metabolic aspects of the brain. Investigation of neural activity of the living brain via neurovascular coupling using multimodal imaging techniques extended our understanding of fundamental neurophysiological mechanisms, regulation of cerebral blood flow in connection to neural activity and the interplay between neurons, astrocytes and blood vessels. Constant delivery of glucose and oxygen for energy metabolism is vital for brain function, and the physiological basis of neural activity can be assessed through measurements of cerebral blood flow and consumption of glucose and oxygen….
This book presents the complex physiological and neurochemical processes of neural metabolism and function in response to various physiological conditions and pharmacological stimulations. Neurochemical detection technologies and quantitative aspects of monitoring cerebral energy substrates and other metabolites in the living brain are described under the “Cerebral metabolism of antioxidants, osmolytes and others in vivo” section. Altogether, the advent of new in vivo tools has transformed neuroscience and neurobiology research, and demands interdisciplinary approaches as each technology could only approximate a very small fraction of the true complexity of the underlying biological processes. However, translational values of the emerging in vivo methods to the application of preclinical to clinical studies cannot be emphasized enough. Thus, it is our hope that advances in our understanding of biochemical, molecular, functional and physiological processes of the brain could eventually help people with neurological problems, which are still dominated by the unknowns.”
-- In-Young Choi and Rolf Gruetter
Author(s): Allen W. Song Ph.D. (auth.), In-Young Choi, Rolf Gruetter (eds.)
Series: Advances in Neurobiology 4
Edition: 1
Publisher: Springer US
Year: 2012
Language: English
Pages: 1169
City: New York
Tags: Neurosciences; Neurochemistry; Biomedicine general
Front Matter....Pages i-xxi
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Introduction to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Methods....Pages 3-31
Hardware Requirements for In Vivo Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Neural Metabolism....Pages 33-64
Diffusion Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Central Nervous System....Pages 65-78
Tools to Enhance the Contrast in MR Images: From Lanthanide Complexes and Iron Oxide Particles to MEMRI....Pages 79-132
Principles of 1 H NMR Spectroscopy In Vivo ....Pages 133-147
In Vivo Cerebral 31 P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy....Pages 149-179
In Vivo 13 C Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Metabolic Modeling: Methodology....Pages 181-220
13 C NMR Spectroscopy as a Tool in Neurobiology....Pages 221-253
Overview of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) Methodologies....Pages 255-270
Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) Positron Emission Tomography (PET)....Pages 271-304
Neuroreceptor Imaging....Pages 305-329
Optical Approaches to Study Metabolic Consequences of Spreading Depression In Vivo ....Pages 331-369
Microdialysis and Microfiltration: Technology and Cerebral Applications for Energy Substrates....Pages 371-414
Front Matter....Pages 415-415
The Coupling of Cerebral Metabolic Rate of Glucose and Cerebral Blood Flow In Vivo ....Pages 417-432
Neuronal Basis of Non-Invasive Functional Imaging: From Microscopic Neurovascular Dynamics to BOLD fMRI....Pages 433-500
Imaging of Brain Function Using Deoxyhemoglobin and Magnetic Fields....Pages 501-545
FMRI Using Exogenous Agents and Cerebral Blood Volume Contrast....Pages 547-592
FMRI in Mice: Functional Phenotyping of Transgenic Mouse Lines Based on Hemodynamic Readouts....Pages 593-621
In Vivo Studies of Brain Oxygen Metabolism and Oxidative Phosphorylation....Pages 623-652
Front Matter....Pages 653-653
Cerebral Glucose Transport and Homeostasis....Pages 655-673
Front Matter....Pages 653-653
Glucose Metabolism During Neural Activation....Pages 675-697
Measurements of Glycogen Metabolism in the Living Brain....Pages 699-706
Functions of Glycogen in the Central Nervous System....Pages 707-714
Pyruvate Transport and Metabolism in the Central Nervous System....Pages 715-753
Blood-Brain Barrier Transport of Lactate....Pages 755-761
Cerebral Acetate Metabolism: Towards Its In Vivo Assessment....Pages 763-791
Brain Fatty Acid Uptake....Pages 793-817
The Ketogenic Diet and Brain Metabolism....Pages 819-839
Redox Shuttles in the Brain....Pages 841-883
Mitochondria in Neurodegeneration....Pages 885-906
Front Matter....Pages 907-907
Studies of Brain Metabolism: A Historical Perspective....Pages 909-920
Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle and Anaplerosis....Pages 921-946
Brain Metabolic Compartmentalization, Metabolism Modeling, and Cerebral Activity-Metabolism Relationship....Pages 947-992
Radiotracer Perspective on Cerebral Compartmentation....Pages 993-1003
Nitrogen Metabolism In Vivo ....Pages 1005-1026
Front Matter....Pages 1027-1027
Glutathione (GSH) Synthesis and Metabolism....Pages 1029-1050
Brain Ascorbate: Protective, Yet Permissive for Redox Signaling....Pages 1051-1073
N-Acetyl-Aspartate (NAA) Metabolism....Pages 1075-1093
In Vivo GABA Metabolism....Pages 1095-1116
1 H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Cerebral Phenylalanine Content and its Transport at the Blood-Brain Barrier....Pages 1117-1134
Front Matter....Pages 1027-1027
Measurement of Brain Creatine Metabolism In Vivo : Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Studies of Transgenic Animals....Pages 1135-1148
Back Matter....Pages 1149-1169
