Netter's Physiology Flash Cards

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Netter's Physiology Flash Cards
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Table Of Contents
Preface
1 Cell Physiology and Fluid Homeostasis
1-1 Membrane Proteins
Comment:
1-2 Body Fluid Compartments
1-3 Effect of Adding Solutes to the Extracellular Fluid on Compartment Size
1-4 Starling Forces Across the Capillary Wall
1-5 Fluid Balance
1-6 Measurement of Fluid Compartments
1-7 Cellular Transport I: Active Transport
1-8 Cellular Transport II: Gated Channels
Comment:
1-9 Cellular Transport III: Solute Movement
Comment:
1-10 Cellular Transport IV: Vesicular Transport
Comment:
1-11 Cellular Transport V: Water Channels
1-12 Signal Transduction I: Ca2+
Comment:
1-13 Signal Transduction II: G Protein–Coupled Receptors
Comment:
1-14 Signal Transduction III: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Pathway
1-15 Signal Transduction IV: Nuclear Protein Receptors
Comment:
2 The Nervous System and Muscle
2-1 Nernst Potential
2-2 Resting Membrane Potential
Comment:
2-3 Axonal Action Potential
2-4 Neurons
2-5 Axonal Conduction
2-6 Structure and Function of Synapses
2-7 Chemical Synaptic Transmission
Comment:
2-8 Structure of the Neuromuscular Junction
2-9 Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Comment:
2-10 Excitation-Contraction Coupling
2-11 Skeletal Muscle Contraction and Relaxation
Comment:
2-12 Biochemical Mechanics of Muscle Contraction
2-13 Excitation-Contraction Coupling of Smooth Muscle
2-14 Cardiac Muscle Structure
2-15 Major Parts of the Central Nervous System and the Vertebral Column
2-16 Major Functions of the Hypothalamus
2-17 Somatic Component of the Peripheral Nervous System
2-18 Skin and Cutaneous Receptors
2-19 Visual Receptors
Comment:
2-20 Cochlear Receptors
2-21 Vestibular Receptors
2-22 Taste Receptors
2-23 Olfactory Receptors
Comment:
2-24 Muscle and Joint Receptors
2-25 Spinal Reflex Pathways for Stretch, Tendon Organ, and Flexor Withdrawal Reflexes
2-26 Corticospinal Tract
2-27 Functional Subdivisions of Cerebellum
Comment:
2-28 General Characteristics of the Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Nervous Systems
2-29 Actions of the Autonomic Nervous System
3 Cardiovascular Physiology
3-1 Components of Blood
3-2 White Blood Cells
3-3 Hemostasis
3-4 Pressures in the Circulation
Comment:
3-5 Distribution of Cardiac Output
Comment:
3-6 Chambers of the Heart
Comment:
3-7 Cardiac Conduction System
Comment:
3-8 Action Potential of Sinoatrial Node Cells
3-9 Action Potential of Ventricular Myocytes
3-10 Arterial Pressure Wave
Comment:
Comment:
3-11 Pressures in the Cardiovascular System
3-12 Poiseuille’s Law I
3-13 Poiseuille’s Law II
Comment:
3-14 Cross-Sectional Area and Flow Velocity
Comment:
3-15 Laminar and Turbulent Flow
3-16 Wall Tension
3-17 Cardiac Cycle: Atrial Pressure Curve
3-18 Cardiac Cycle: Valve Opening and Closure
3-19 Cardiac Cycle: The Electrocardiogram
3-20 Cardiac Cycle: Heart Sounds
3-21 Autonomic Neurotransmitters and the Cardiovascular System
3-22 Baroreceptor Reflex
Comment:
3-23 Cardiac Function Curve
3-24 Force-Velocity Relationship
Comment:
3-25 Pressure-Volume Relationship
Comment:
3-26 Cardiac Function and Vascular Function Curves I
Comment:
3-27 Cardiac Function and Vascular Function Curves II
Comment:
3-28 Vascular Wall
Comment:
3-29 Microcirculation
3-30 Lymphatic Circulation I
Comment:
3-31 Lymphatic Circulation II
3-32 Endothelium Dependent and Independent Control of Arteriolar Tone
3-33 Local Regulation of Blood Flow
3-34 Monitoring of Blood Pressure and Volume
3-35 Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
Comment:
3-36 Coronary Blood Flow
Comment:
3-37 Fetal Circulation
4 Respiratory Physiology
4-1 Pressures in the Pulmonary Circulation
Comment:
4-2 Pulmonary Artery Pressure and Pulmonary Vascular Resistance
4-3 Lung Volume and Pulmonary Vascular Resistance
Comment:
4-4 Chemical and Humoral Control of Pulmonary Vascular Resistance
4-5 Intrapulmonary Airways
4-6 Ultrastructure of Airways
Comment:
4-7 Lung Volumes
Comment:
4-8 Respiratory Muscles
Comment:
4-9 Partial Pressure of Gases in the Atmosphere
4-10 Partial Pressure of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Inspired Air, Alveolar Air, and Blood
Comment:
4-11 Alveolar Gas Equation
Comment:
4-12 Distribution of Pulmonary Blood Flow
4-13 Ventilation–Perfusion Relationships
4-14 Pressure–Volume Relationships of Respiratory System
Comment:
4-15 Pulmonary Compliance
4-16 Surface Forces in the Lung
4-17 Airway Flow I
4-18 Airway Flow II
Comment:
4-19 Expiratory Flow–Volume Relationship
4-20 Lung Disease I
4-21 Lung Disease II
Comment:
4-22 Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve I
Comment:
4-23 Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve II
4-24 Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve III
Comment:
4-25 Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve IV
Comment:
4-26 Carbon Dioxide Transport I
4-27 Carbon Dioxide Transport II
Comment:
4-28 Role of Lungs in pH Balance
4-29 Control of Respiration
Comment:
4-30 Respiratory Response to Exercise
5 Renal Physiology
5-1 Anatomy of the Kidney
Comment:
5-2 Anatomy of the Kidney: The Nephron
Comment:
5-3 Anatomy of the Kidney: Nephron Populations
5-4 Anatomy of the Kidney: The Glomerulus
Comment:
5-5 Glomerular Filtration
5-6 Renal Handling of Substances: Calculations
5-7 Regulation of Renal Hemodynamics I
5-8 Regulation of Renal Hemodynamics II
5-9 General Solute Handling Through the Nephron I
5-10 General Solute Handling Through the Nephron II
5-11 General Solute Handling Through the Nephron III
5-12 General Solute Handling Through the Nephron IV
5-13 Nephron Sites of Sodium Handling
Comment:
5-14 Hormonal Control of Renal Sodium Reabsorption
5-15 Reabsorption of Glucose I
5-16 Reabsorption of Glucose II
5-17 Renal Bicarbonate Handling
5-18 Renal Solute Handling: Potassium Handling I
5-19 Renal Solute Handling: Potassium Handling II
5-20 Renal Calcium Handling
5-21 Renal Phosphate Handling
5-22 Interstitial Concentration Gradient
5-23 Urine Concentration
5-24 Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) I
5-25 Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) II
5-26 Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) III
5-27 Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) IV
5-28 Volume Regulation I: Integrated Response to Volume Contraction
5-29 Volume Regulation II: Integrated Response to Volume Expansion
5-30 Acid–Base I: Renal Mechanisms of Acid–Base Homeostasis
Comment:
5-31 Acid–Base II: Ammonia Synthesis
5-32 Acid–Base III: Net Acid Excretion
5-33 Acid–Base IV: Titratable Acids
5-34 Acid–Base V: Acidosis and Anion Gap
5-35 Acid–Base Imbalances I
5-36 Acid–Base Imbalances II
6 Gastrointestinal Physiology
6-1 GI Anatomy: Overview of the GI Tract
6-2 GI Anatomy: Enteric Nervous System
Comment:
6-3 GI Anatomy: Portal System
6-4 The Thirst Response
6-5 Autonomic Nerves in the GI Tract
6-6 Peristalsis
Comment:
6-7 Electrical Potentials in the GI Tract
Comment:
6-8 Control of Gastric Emptying
6-9 Motility of the Colon
6-10 General Gastrointestinal Reflexes
Comment:
6-11 Saliva
6-12 Cells of the Gastric (Oxyntic) Glands
6-13 Parietal Cell Production of Acid
6-14 Stimulation of Gastric Acid Secretion
6-15 GI Anatomy: Ductal System for Liver, Gallbladder, and Pancreatic Secretions
6-16 Major GI Hormones
6-17 Anatomy of the Liver
Comment:
6-18 Liver Metabolism
6-19 Bile Production and Secretion
6-20 Portal Hypertension
Comment:
6-21 Stimulation of Digestive Enzymes
6-22 Carbohydrate Digestion
Comment:
6-23 Carbohydrate Absorption
6-24 Protein Digestion
6-25 Protein Absorption
6-26 Lipid Digestion I: Enzymes
Comment:
6-27 Lipid Digestion II: Bile and Micelle Formation
Comment:
6-28 Intracellular Lipid Processing
6-29 Fluid and Electrolyte Absorption
6-30 Calcium Absorption
6-31 Cholera
6-32 Bilirubin
6-33 Vitamin B12 Absorption
Comment:
7 Endocrine Physiology
7-1 General Principles of Hormone Binding I
7-2 General Principles of Hormone Binding II
Comment:
7-3 Hypothalamus and Pituitary: Anatomy
Comment:
7-4 Pituitary Gland: Anterior Pituitary Hormones
7-5 Pituitary Hormones I: General Actions
7-6 Pituitary Hormones II: Growth Hormone Feedback Systems
7-7 Pituitary Hormones III: Male Reproductive Hormones
Comment:
7-8 Pituitary Hormones IV: Female Reproductive Hormones
Comment:
7-9 Pituitary Hormones V: Prolactin
7-10 Thyroid Hormone I: Control of Thyroid Hormone Synthesis
7-11 Thyroid Hormone II: Synthesis
7-12 Thyroid Hormone III: Intracellular Actions
7-13 Thyroid Hormone IV: General Systemic Actions
Comment:
7-14 Adrenal Hormones I: Adrenal Gland Structure
Comment:
7-15 Adrenal Hormones II: Adrenal Cortical Hormones
7-16 Adrenal Hormones III: Cushing’s Syndrome
Comment:
7-17 Regulation and Actions of Aldosterone
7-18 The Endocrine Pancreas I: Major Hormones
7-19 The Endocrine Pancreas II: Insulin Secretion
7-20 The Endocrine Pancreas III: Actions of Insulin
7-21 The Endocrine Pancreas IV: Actions of Glucagon
7-22 The Endocrine Pancreas V: Diabetes Mellitus
7-23 Calcium-Regulating Hormones I: Vitamin D
7-24 Calcium-Regulating Hormones II: Actions of Vitamin D
7-25 Calcium-Regulating Hormones III: Actions of Parathyroid Hormone
Comment:
7-26 Calcium-Regulating Hormones IV: Altered Parathyroid Secretion
Comment:
7-27 Reproductive Hormones I: Development of Genital Sex
Comment:
7-28 Reproductive Hormones II: Puberty and Secondary Sex Characteristics
Comment:
7-29 Reproductive Hormones III: Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle
7-30 Reproductive Hormones IV: Feedback Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle
7-31 Reproductive Hormones V: The Testes and Spermatogenesis
7-32 Reproductive Hormones VI: Control of Testicular Function
Appendix Key Equations
Fluid Homeostasis
Nerve and Muscle Physiology
Cardiovascular Physiology
Respiratory Physiology
Renal Physiology