Netter's Cardiology, 2nd Edition

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Netter's Cardiology, 2nd Edition, by Marschall S. Runge, Cam Patterson, and George Stouffer, uses visually rich Netter artwork to efficiently provide you with a concise overview of cardiovascular anatomy, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. You'll rapidly access complete introductions to common issues in cardiology, including annotated references of the most important articles, guidelines, and available evidence. Netter - it's how you know. Efficiently review key details of anatomy, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation with detailed, crystal-clear artwork by Frank H. Netter, MD and other illustrators working in the Netter tradition. Apply dependable clinical advice from Marschall S. Runge, MD, PhD, Cam Patterson, MD and George Stouffer, MD and utilize diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms and clinical pathways developed by the many world-renowned chapter contributors. Utilize annotated references to the most important resources and evidence-based studies. Benefit from expanded coverage of cardiovascular imaging including echocardiography, stress testing and nuclear imaging, and CT and MRI. Gain a concise and visual overview of the common conditions in cardiology

Author(s): Marschall S. Runge, George A. Stouffer, Cam Patterson
Series: Netter Clinical Science
Edition: 2
Publisher: Elsevier - Health Sciences Division
Year: 2010

Language: English
Commentary: TOC absent
Pages: 667
Tags: Медицинские дисциплины;Кардиология;

Netter's Cardiology, 2e......Page 0
Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 3
Copyright 9781437706376......Page 4
About the Editors......Page 5
Preface......Page 6
About the Artists......Page 9
Acknowledgments......Page 10
Contributors......Page 12
Chest Discomfort......Page 20
Dyspnea, Edema & Ascites......Page 23
Important Components of the Cardiovascular Examination......Page 25
Cardiac Auscultation......Page 27
Maneuvers......Page 28
Additional Resources......Page 30
Evidence......Page 31
Etiology & Pathogenesis......Page 32
Clinical Presentation......Page 34
Diagnostic Approach......Page 36
Optimum Treatment......Page 37
Evidence......Page 38
Echocardiography......Page 40
Tissue Doppler......Page 41
Radionuclide Testing......Page 42
Magnetic Resonance Imaging......Page 44
Cardiac Catheterization......Page 45
Avoiding Diagnostic Testing Errors......Page 46
Evidence......Page 47
P Wave......Page 48
QRS Complex......Page 49
ST Segment & T Wave......Page 51
QT Abnormalities......Page 52
Acute Ischemia & Infarction......Page 53
Arrhythmias......Page 54
Additional Resources......Page 55
Evidence......Page 56
Chest Radiology—Normal Anatomy......Page 58
Clinical Applications......Page 59
Additional Resources......Page 60
Transthoracic Echocardiography......Page 62
Stress Echocardiography......Page 63
Contrast Echocardiography......Page 64
Limitations......Page 65
Evidence......Page 66
Exercise Stress Testing......Page 68
Radiotracers......Page 70
Stress with Myocardial Perfusion Imaging......Page 71
Imaging Protocols......Page 72
Equilibrium Radionuclide Ventriculography (MUGA Scan)......Page 73
Chest Pain......Page 75
Cardiac Neurotransmission Imaging......Page 76
Evidence......Page 77
Technology of CCT......Page 78
Coronary Artery Calcium Score......Page 79
Cardiac Chamber & Valvular Evaluation......Page 80
CCT Clinical Examples......Page 81
Ventricular Function......Page 82
Ischemic Heart Disease......Page 83
Valvular Heart Disease......Page 84
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Imaging......Page 85
Evidence......Page 86
Description of Technique......Page 88
Use of Coronary Angiography in the Evaluation of Patients with Chest Pain......Page 90
Contraindications......Page 92
Limitations......Page 93
Evidence......Page 94
Indications for Right Heart Catheterization......Page 96
Data Obtained from Right Heart Catheterization......Page 97
Left Heart Catheterization......Page 98
Future Directions......Page 100
Evidence......Page 101
Clinical Presentation......Page 102
Clinical Epidemiology......Page 103
Exercise Testing—Exercise ECG......Page 104
Optimum Treatment......Page 106
Avoiding Treatment Errors......Page 107
Genetic Screening......Page 108
Intravascular Ultrasound......Page 109
Evidence......Page 110
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS......Page 114
DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH......Page 115
Optimum Treatment......Page 117
Antiplatelet Therapy......Page 119
Nitrates......Page 120
Avoiding Treatment Errors......Page 121
Evidence......Page 122
Differential Diagnosis......Page 124
History & Physical Examination......Page 125
Biochemical Markers of Myocardial Damage......Page 126
Risk Stratification......Page 127
Antiplatelet Agents......Page 128
Evidence......Page 130
Differential Diagnosis......Page 132
Serum Cardiac Markers......Page 133
Optimum Treatment......Page 134
Adjunctive Therapy......Page 136
Hemodynamic Disturbances & Arrhythmias......Page 137
Evidence......Page 138
Outcomes with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention......Page 140
Procedural Complications......Page 141
Devices to Protect against Distal Embolization......Page 142
Patient Selection......Page 143
Evidence......Page 145
Diagnostic Approach......Page 146
Management & Therapy......Page 147
Optimum Treatment......Page 148
Future Directions......Page 149
Evidence......Page 150
Right Ventricular Failure......Page 152
Free-Wall Rupture......Page 153
Optimum Treatment......Page 155
Future Directions......Page 156
Evidence......Page 158
Etiology & Pathogenesis......Page 162
Clinical Presentation......Page 165
Diagnostic Approach......Page 166
Optimum Treatment......Page 168
Additional Resources......Page 169
Evidence......Page 170
Differential Diagnosis......Page 172
Echocardiography......Page 174
Medical Management......Page 175
Alcohol Ablation of the Septum......Page 176
Evidence......Page 177
Infiltrative Causes......Page 178
Endomyocardial Causes......Page 179
Normal Hemodynamics......Page 181
Constrictive Pericarditis Physiology......Page 182
Blood Tests......Page 183
Echocardiography......Page 184
Echocardiography/Doppler Patterns......Page 185
Cardiac Nuclear Imaging......Page 186
Cardiac Catheterization & Endomyocardial Biopsy......Page 187
Diastolic Heart Failure......Page 188
Future Directions......Page 189
Evidence......Page 190
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy......Page 192
Clinical Presentation......Page 193
Optimum Treatment......Page 196
Evidence......Page 197
Clinical Presentation......Page 198
Nonpharmacologic Therapy......Page 201
Future Directions......Page 202
Evidence......Page 203
Systolic Heart Failure......Page 204
Diastolic Heart Failure......Page 205
Determining the Type & Degree of Left Ventricle Dysfunction......Page 206
Management & Therapy......Page 207
Optimum Treatment for Systolic Heart Failure......Page 208
Treatment of Acute Heart Failure......Page 210
Treatment of Comorbid Disease......Page 211
Evidence......Page 212
Donor-Recipient Matching......Page 214
Biatrial Technique......Page 215
Bicaval Technique......Page 216
Postoperative Management......Page 217
Patient Selection & Indications......Page 218
HeartMate XVE......Page 220
Results from the Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support......Page 221
Evidence......Page 222
Differential Diagnosis......Page 224
ECG......Page 225
Transthoracic Echocardiography......Page 226
Evidence......Page 227
Tachy-Brady Syndrome......Page 232
Second-Degree Atrioventricular Block......Page 233
Complete or Third-Degree AV Block......Page 235
Chronic Multifascicular Blocks......Page 236
Avoiding Treatment Errors......Page 237
Evidence......Page 239
Mechanism......Page 240
Mechanisms......Page 242
ECG Recognition......Page 244
ECG Recognition......Page 245
Acute Management......Page 246
Long-Term Treatment......Page 247
Evidence......Page 248
Clinical Presentation & Diagnostic Approach......Page 250
Optimum Treatment......Page 251
Rate Control......Page 252
Rhythm Control......Page 253
Evidence......Page 256
QRS Morphology......Page 258
Clinical Presentation......Page 259
Optimum Treatment......Page 261
Optimum Treatment......Page 262
Monomorphic Ventricular Tachycardia......Page 263
Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Ventricular Tachycardia......Page 264
Premature Ventricular Complexes......Page 265
Evidence......Page 266
Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy......Page 268
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy......Page 269
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia & Cardiomyopathy......Page 270
Other Congenital Anomalies......Page 271
Brugada Syndrome......Page 272
Primary Prevention......Page 273
Optimum Treatment......Page 275
Evidence......Page 276
Cardiac Outflow Obstruction......Page 278
Clinical Presentation......Page 279
Differential Diagnosis......Page 280
Diagnostic Approach......Page 281
ECG Monitoring (Holter Monitors, Event Monitors & Loop Recorders)......Page 282
Electrophysiology Study......Page 283
Nonpharmacologic Treatment for NMS......Page 284
Additional Resources......Page 285
Evidence......Page 286
Pacemaker Technology......Page 288
Device Implantation......Page 289
Electromagnetic Interference......Page 290
Future Directions......Page 292
Evidence......Page 294
Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Nodal Reentrant Tachycardias......Page 296
Catheter Ablation of Atrioventricular Bypass Tracts......Page 297
Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation......Page 299
Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia......Page 301
Evidence......Page 302
Clinical Presentation......Page 306
Physical Examination......Page 308
Diagnostic Approach......Page 309
Optimum Treatment......Page 310
Aortic Valve Replacement......Page 311
Evidence......Page 312
Clinical Presentation......Page 314
Acute Aortic Regurgitation......Page 315
Differential Diagnosis......Page 316
Diagnostic Approach......Page 317
Surgical Therapy......Page 319
Avoiding Treatment Errors......Page 320
Evidence......Page 321
Mitral Stenosis......Page 322
Mitral Regurgitation......Page 323
Differential Diagnosis......Page 324
Optimum Treatment......Page 325
Avoiding Treatment Errors......Page 326
Avoiding Treatment Errors......Page 328
Evidence......Page 329
Differential Diagnosis......Page 330
Diagnostic Approach......Page 331
Complications......Page 332
Avoiding Treatment Errors......Page 333
Evidence......Page 334
Etiology & Pathogenesis......Page 336
Diagnostic Approach......Page 337
Clinical Presentation......Page 338
Clinical Presentation......Page 339
Evidence......Page 340
Microbiology......Page 342
Streptococcal Endocarditis......Page 343
Gram-negative Endocarditis......Page 344
Echocardiography......Page 345
Avoiding Treatment Errors......Page 346
Future Directions......Page 347
Evidence......Page 348
Technique......Page 350
Long-Term Results......Page 351
Indications......Page 352
Pathophysiology......Page 353
Indications for Intervention......Page 354
Acute Results & Complications......Page 355
Percutaneous Aortic Valve Replacement......Page 356
Techniques......Page 357
Indications for Intervention......Page 358
Technique......Page 360
Comparative Data with Surgical Commissurotomy......Page 361
Mobius Stitch Repair......Page 362
Viacor PTMA Coronary Sinus Device......Page 363
Coronary Sinus Devices for mitral regurgitation......Page 364
AccuCinch......Page 365
Pathophysiology......Page 366
Evidence......Page 367
Etiology & Pathogenesis......Page 370
Surgical Therapy......Page 371
Minimally Invasive Techniques......Page 372
Additional Resource......Page 374
Evidence......Page 375
Diagnostic Approach......Page 378
Avoiding Treatment Errors......Page 379
Etiology & Pathogenesis......Page 380
Differential Diagnosis......Page 381
Diagnostic Approach......Page 383
Clinical Presentation......Page 384
Differential Diagnosis......Page 385
Avoiding Treatment Errors......Page 386
Evidence......Page 387
Normal Physiology......Page 388
Pressure Measurements......Page 389
Echo-Doppler Measurements......Page 391
Pressure Measurements......Page 392
Pericardial Constriction......Page 394
Pericardial Constriction......Page 396
Pericardial Constriction......Page 397
Evidence......Page 398
Angiogenesis & Ischemic Heart Disease......Page 402
Vasculogenesis & Arteriogenesis: Alternatives to Angiogenesis......Page 404
Evidence......Page 405
Ankle-Brachial Index & Segmental Pressure Measurements......Page 406
Computed Tomography Angiography & Magnetic Resonance Angiography......Page 407
Clinical Presentation......Page 408
Computed Tomography Angiography & Magnetic Resonance Angiography......Page 409
Digital Subtraction Angiography......Page 410
Future Directions......Page 412
Evidence......Page 413
Clinical Presentation......Page 414
Differential Diagnosis......Page 415
Diagnostic Approach......Page 416
Optimum Treatment......Page 417
Avoiding Treatment Errors......Page 419
Evidence......Page 420
Differential Diagnosis......Page 422
Renal Artery Revascularization......Page 426
Hypertension......Page 427
Avoiding Treatment Errors......Page 428
Evidence......Page 429
Cardioembolic Stroke......Page 430
Upper Extremity Disease......Page 431
Diseases of the Visceral Arteries......Page 432
Lower Extremity Disease......Page 433
Evidence......Page 435
Optimum Treatment......Page 438
Avoiding Treatment Errors......Page 440
Avoiding Treatment Errors......Page 441
Clinical Presentation......Page 442
Optimum Treatment......Page 443
Clinical Presentation......Page 444
Future Directions......Page 445
Evidence......Page 446
Clinical Indications for Medical or Surgical Intervention......Page 450
History......Page 452
Physical Examination......Page 454
Chest Radiography......Page 455
Evidence......Page 456
Transthoracic Imaging in Pediatrics......Page 458
Atrioventricular Septal Defect......Page 459
Transposition of the Great Arteries......Page 460
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return......Page 461
Future Directions......Page 462
Evidence......Page 463
Pulmonary Artery Stenosis......Page 464
Coarctation of the Aorta......Page 466
Persistent Ductus Arteriosus......Page 468
Atrial Septal Defect......Page 469
Additional Resources......Page 471
Evidence......Page 472
Palliative Surgical Procedures......Page 474
Special Considerations for Specific Single-Ventricle Lesions......Page 475
Atrial Septal Defects......Page 476
Tetralogy of Fallot......Page 477
Truncus Arteriosus......Page 479
Avoiding Treatment Errors......Page 480
Evidence......Page 481
Tricuspid Atresia......Page 482
Ventricular Septal Defect......Page 484
Atrial Septal Defect......Page 485
Patent Ductus Arteriosus......Page 486
Postoperative Complete Heart Block......Page 487
Future Directions......Page 488
Evidence......Page 489
Normal Responses of Children to Exercise......Page 490
Physiology of Single-Ventricle Malformation......Page 492
Evidence......Page 493
Clinical Presentation......Page 494
Differential Diagnosis & Diagnostic Approach......Page 495
Future Directions......Page 496
Evidence......Page 497
Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery......Page 498
Anomalous Aortic Origin of Coronaries......Page 499
Coronary Artery Fistulas......Page 500
Coronary Artery Anomalies Associated with Congenital Heart Disease......Page 501
Future Directions......Page 502
Evidence......Page 503
Changes in the Postpartum Period......Page 506
Cardiac Examination during Normal Pregnancy......Page 507
Congenital Heart Disease......Page 508
Valvular Heart Disease......Page 509
Hypertension in Pregnancy......Page 511
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy......Page 512
Pulmonary Edema Induced by Tocolytic Therapy......Page 513
Additional Resources......Page 514
Evidence......Page 515
Impulse Formation & Conduction......Page 516
Vasculature......Page 517
Coronary Artery Disease......Page 519
Cerebrovascular Disease......Page 520
The Therapeutic Window......Page 521
Evidence......Page 522
Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy......Page 524
Myotonic Dystrophy......Page 525
Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy......Page 526
Electrolyte Disorders......Page 527
Inflammatory Myopathies......Page 528
Friedreich’s Ataxia......Page 529
Future Directions......Page 530
Evidence......Page 531
Disorders of ADH Secretion......Page 532
Hyperthyroidism......Page 533
Hypothyroidism......Page 535
Addison’s Disease......Page 536
Adrenal Medullary Tumors......Page 538
Diabetes......Page 540
Evidence......Page 541
Rheumatoid Arthritis......Page 544
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus......Page 545
Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies......Page 546
Vasculitis......Page 547
Secondary Causes of Cardiovascular Disease......Page 548
Optimum Treatment......Page 550
Evidence......Page 551
Primary Benign Cardiac Tumors......Page 552
Clinical Presentation......Page 553
Pericardial Cysts......Page 554
Secondary Malignant Cardiac Tumors......Page 555
Additional Resources......Page 556
Evidence......Page 557
Clinical Presentation......Page 558
Optimum Treatment......Page 559
Etiology & Pathogenesis......Page 562
Diagnostic Approach......Page 563
Optimum Treatment......Page 566
Evidence......Page 567
Alcohol......Page 570
Narcotics......Page 572
Evidence......Page 573
Pericardial Effusions & Pericarditis......Page 574
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease......Page 575
Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors......Page 576
Additional Resources......Page 577
Evidence......Page 578
Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders......Page 580
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Link to Hypertension......Page 581
Treatment of Heart Failure & Obstructive Sleep Apnea......Page 582
Optimum Treatment......Page 583
Obesity Hypoventilation......Page 584
Additional Resources......Page 585
Evidence......Page 586
Phentermine & Fenfluramine......Page 588
Future Directions......Page 589
Evidence......Page 590
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy......Page 592
Commotio Cordis......Page 594
Structural Changes of the Heart as a Result of Intense Training......Page 596
Electrocardiographic Findings in Elite Athletes......Page 597
Screening......Page 598
Screening......Page 600
Screening......Page 601
Athlete’s Heart & Sudden Death......Page 602
Counting......Page 606
Implementation: The Final Frontier of Preventive Cardiology......Page 607
Screening & Management of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Medical Practice......Page 609
Future Directions......Page 610
Evidence......Page 611
Diabetes......Page 614
Women......Page 616
Future Directions......Page 618
Evidence......Page 619
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy......Page 620
Long QT Syndrome......Page 621
Metabolic Factors & Cardiovascular Diseases......Page 622
Evidence......Page 625
Primary Prevention......Page 626
Secondary Prevention......Page 628
Limiting Coronary Atherosclerotic Progression......Page 629
Lipids......Page 630
Role of Exercise Training In Heart Failure......Page 631
Evidence......Page 633
Diagnostic Approach......Page 636
Optimum Treatment......Page 637
Drug Therapy......Page 638
Evidence......Page 641
Particulate Matter......Page 644
What Patients Can Do To Avoid Risk......Page 647
Evidence......Page 648
A......Page 650
B......Page 652
C......Page 653
E......Page 656
F......Page 657
H......Page 658
I......Page 659
M......Page 660
N......Page 661
P......Page 662
S......Page 664
V......Page 666
X......Page 667