Nanotechnology in Modern Animal Biotechnology: Concepts and Applications discusses the advancement of nanotechnologies in almost every field, ranging from materials science, to food, forensic, agriculture and life sciences, including biotechnology and medicine. Nanotechnology is already being harnessed to address many of the key problems in animal biotechnology, with future applications covering animal biotechnology (e.g. animal nutrition, health, disease diagnosis, and drug delivery). This book provides the tools, ideas and techniques of nanoscale principles to investigate, understand and transform biological systems.
Nanotechnology provides the ability to manipulate materials at atomic and molecular levels and also arrange atom-by-atom on a scale of ∼1–100 nm to create, new materials and devices with fundamentally new functions and properties arising due to their small scale.
Author(s): Pawan Kumar Maurya, Sanjay Singh
Publisher: Elsevier
Year: 2019
Language: English
Pages: 178
City: Amsterdam
Front Cover
Nanotechnology in Modern Animal Biotechnology: Concepts and Applications
Nanotechnology in Modern Animal Biotechnology: Concepts and Applications
Copyright
List of Contributors
Contents
1 - Biosensors and Their Application for the Detection of Avian Influenza Virus
INTRODUCTION
AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
BASICS OF BIOSENSORS TECHNOLOGY
BIOSENSORS IN DETECTION OF AVIAN INFLUENZA
Piezoelectric Biosensors
Aptamer-based quartz crystal imbalance sensors
Optical Biosensors
Fluorescence-based optical biosensors
Surface plasmon resonance–based optical biosensors
Other optical biosensors for AIV detection
Electrochemical Biosensors
Electrochemical immunosensors
Electrochemical genosensors
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE PROSPECTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
2 - Nanoparticle-Mediated Oxidative Stress Monitoring
OXIDATIVE STRESS MECHANISMS AND CELLULAR EFFECTS
Free Radicals and Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species
Electron transport chain
Chemiosmosis
Oxidative Stress Induced by Exogenous Agents and Its Consequence
NANOPARTICLE APPLICATIONS IN EXPERIMENTAL BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH
Manufacture
Sustainable Energy
Medicine
NANOPARTICLE-MEDIATED OXIDATIVE STRESS MONITORING
REFERENCES
3 - Nanoparticles as Modulators of Oxidative Stress
INTRODUCTION
NANOPARTICLES: PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND NANOTOXICITY
OXIDATIVE STRESS AND CELLULAR DAMAGE
GENERATION OF ROS IN NANOPARTICLE-CELL INTERACTIONS
MECHANISM OF NANOPARTICLE-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS
ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT OF METAL-BASED NANOPARTICLES
Silver Nanoparticle
Cerium Oxide (CeO2)
Platinum Nanoparticles
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
4 - Nanomaterials-Based Next GenerationSynthetic Enzymes: Current Challengesand Future Opportunities in BiologicalApplications
INTRODUCTION
NANOMATERIALS EXHIBITING PEROXIDASE-LIKE ACTIVITY
NANOMATERIALS EXHIBITING OXIDASE-LIKE ACTIVITY
NANOMATERIALS EXHIBITING SOD-LIKE ACTIVITY
NANOMATERIALS EXHIBITING CATALASE-LIKE ACTIVITY
NANOMATERIALS EXHIBITING DUAL ENZYME-LIKE/BIFUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY
NANOMATERIALS WITH MULTIENZYME MIMETIC ACTIVITY
NUCLEOTIDES AND NUCLEOSIDE AS A COCATALYST
CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
5 - Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder and Asthma: Progress and Challenges
INTRODUCTION
NANOPARTICLES FOR CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AND ASTHMA
LUNG PHYSIOLOGY AND PARTICLE ABSORPTION
THE BEHAVIOR OF NANOPARTICLE IN VIVO
Passive Targeting
Active Targeting
APPLICATIONS OF NANOPARTICLES IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AND ASTHMA
Disease Diagnosis
Targeted Drug Delivery
Liposomes
Dendrimers
Inorganic nanoparticles
Chitosan
Gelatin
Other polymeric nanoparticles
CURRENT NANOPARTICLE-BASED MEDICINE IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Current Nanoparticle-Based Medicine in Asthma
TOXICITY IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AND ASTHMA
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
FURTHER READING
6 - Biosensors in Animal Biotechnology
INTRODUCTION
BASIC DESIGN AND OPERATING PRINCIPLE
Bioreceptors
Enzymes
Antibodies
Nucleic acids
Whole cells
Nanoparticles
Immobilization of Bioreceptors
Physical methods for immobilization
Physiosorption
Retention by gel matrix
Retention by gel membranes
Incorporation into composite electrode
Electropolymerization
Chemical methods for immobilization
Direct covalent binding
Covalent cross-linking
Transducers
Electrochemical transducers
Amperometric transducer
Potentiometric transducers
Conductometric transducers
Impedometric transducers
Electronic transducers (field-effect transistor based)
Thermal transducers
Optical biotransducers
Gravimetric or piezoelectric transducers
OUTLINE CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES AND QUALITY INDICATORS OF BIOSENSORS
Indicators of Biosensor Quality
Range
Sensitivity
Specificity
Error and accuracy
Factors Affecting the Biosensor Efficiency
BIOSENSORS IN ANIMAL CELL CULTURE RESEARCH: CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOSENSORS FOR ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
Nanobiosensors
Lab-on-Chip biosensors
CERIUM OXIDE AS POTENTIAL ELEMENT FOR BIOSENSORS
REFERENCES
7 - Nanoparticle-Mediated Oxidative Stress Monitoring and Role of Nanoparticle for Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases
NANOPARTICLES AND OXIDATIVE STRESS
Introduction
Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants Mechanism
Endogenous sources
Exogenous source
Oxidative Stress Induced by Metallic and Metallic Oxide Nanoparticle
Molecular level
Biochemical level
Cellular level
Measurement of Oxidative Stress
Reactive species measuring in vivo
Trapping of reactive species
Ex vivo measurement
Spin traps
Aromatic traps
Measurement of blood pressure
Reactive species fingerprinting
Reactive species measurement in cells
Dichlorofluorescein diacetate
Dihydrorhodamine 123
Luminol
Diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine
Cis-parinaric acid
Measurement of the output of probes
Fluorescence microplate reader
Flow cytometry
Confocal microscopy
Other techniques
High-performance liquid chromatography
Amplex red and multiphoton microscopy
Biosensors
NANOPARTICLE ROLES IN THE TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY DISEASES
Introduction
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Inflammatory Lung Diseases
Ophthalmic Inflammatory Diseases
Rheumatoid Arthritis
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
8 - Biomedical Applications of Nanoparticles
INTRODUCTION
CLASSIFICATION OF NANOMATERIALS
Metallic Nanoparticles
Nonmetallic/Inorganic Nanoparticles
Biodegradable Nanoparticles
BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF NANOMATERIALS
Diagnosis
Drug Delivery
Liposomes
Polymeric nanoparticles
Dendrimers
Carbon-based nanocarriers
Polymeric micelles
NANOPARTICLES FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
FACTORS INFLUENCING UTILITY OF NANOPARTICLES IN BIOMEDICINE
Materials Used for Nanoparticle Synthesis
Nanoparticle Characteristics
Route of Administration
Nanoparticle Toxicity
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE PROSPECTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
9 - Cancer Cytosensing Approaches in Miniaturized Settings Based on Advanced Nanomaterials and Biosensors
INTRODUCTION
CANCER BIOMARKERS USED IN CYTOSENSOR
NANOMATERIALS USED IN CYTOSENSOR
CYTOSENSORS FOR CANCER DETECTION
Lung Cancer
Breast Cancer
Gastointestinal Cancer
Prostate Cancer
Ovarian Cancer
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
10 - Nanotherapeutics: A Novel and Powerful Approach in Modern Healthcare System
INTRODUCTION
NANO FORMULATIONS
Nanogel
Nanoemulsion
Nanocapsules
Nanosponges
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles
Dendrimers
APPLICATIONS OF NANOTHERAPEUTICS SYSTEM
Nanomaterials for Implantation
Nanomaterials for Nonviral Gene and Protein Delivery in Cancer Therapy
Usage of Nanomaterial in the Photodynamic Therapy
Applications of Nanoparticles in Medical Imaging for Diagnostic Approach
Role of Nanoparticles in Biosensors
Nanoparticles for Blood Purification
SAFETY AND HAZARDS OF NANOTHERAPEUTICS
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE PROSPECTIVE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Index
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