This book provides a detailed review on the interactions of nanomaterials with plants, nanodelivery systems in agriculture, the impacts of nanomaterials on seed germination, nanosensors for plant disease diagnosis and toxicity aspects of nanomaterials towards plants. In addition, nanomaterials synthesis and nanomaterials characterisation techniques, are discussed. This book also highlights practical aspects related to these subsections. The content of this text will help a diverse group of researchers to apply nanotechnology concepts in life sciences.
Although there are numerous books available on the subject, they mostly discuss recent research findings and very few covers the fundamentals and applications. This book will be advantageous for budding scientists who are interested in the field of plant nanomaterial interactions. It is obvious that current literature on nanotechnology has a bias towards chemistry and physics which creates a barrier for biologists to pursue nanosciences. This book attempts to address the aforementioned challenge.
Author(s): Nadeesh M. Adassooriya, Ryan Rienzie, Nadun H. Madanayake
Publisher: CRC Press/Science Publishers
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 116
City: Boca Raton
Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Preface
Table of Contents
1. Overview and Introduction to Nanotechnology
1.1 Nanoscale and History of Nanotechnology
1.2 Modern Nanotechnology
1.3 What are Nanomaterials?
1.4 Why Nanomaterials are Unique?
1.5 Types of Nanomaterials
1.5.1 Natural Nanomaterials
1.5.2 Incidental Nanomaterials
1.5.3 Engineered Nanomaterials
1.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
2. Synthesis of Nanomaterials
2.1 Chemical Methods
2.1.1 Co-precipitation
2.1.2 Sol-gel Method of Nanomaterial Synthesis
2.1.3 Template Synthesis of Nanomaterials
2.2 Physical Methods
2.2.1 Mechanical Attrition
2.2.2 Lithography
2.2.3 Gas Condensation
2.2.4 Chemical Vapour Deposition
2.3 Biological Synthesis
2.3.1 Potential for green synthesis of nanoparticles and advantages
2.4 Conclusion and future perspectives
3. Nanomaterials Intake and Translocation in Plants
3.1 The Release of Engineered Nanomaterials into the Environment
3.2 Fate and Behavior of Nanomaterials in the Environment
3.3 Physicochemical Properties Influencing the Fate and Behavior of Nanomaterials
3.4 Processes and Transformations Affecting Nanomaterial Fate and Behavior
3.4.1 Dissolution and solubility
3.4.2 Aggregation, sedimentation, and deposition
3.4.3 Sulphidation and redox behavior
3.5 Nanomaterials Uptake, Translocation and Deposition by Plants
3.6 Uptake and Translocation of Nanomaterials
3.7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
4. Nanodelivery Systems of Agrochemicals for Plants
4.1 Controlled and Targeted Delivery of Agrochemicals
4.2 Advantages of Controlled-release Formulations over Conventional Formulations
4.2.1 Types of Potential Nanocarrier Systems that can be Used in Agricultural Applications, their Advantages and Disadvantages
4.3 Enhancers of Soil Water Retention
4.4 Targeted Drug Delivery in Humans and Animals
4.4.1 Nanomaterials in Gene Delivery
4.4.2 Evaluation of Saturation Solubility
4.4.3 Evaluation of Release of Components from a Chemical Delivery System
4.5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
5. Nanosensors for Plant Disease Diagnosis
5.1 Conventional Approaches and their Limitations
5.2 Components of Nanosensors used in Plant Disease Diagnosis
5.3 Classification of Nanosensors
5.4 Nanoparticles as Sensing Elements
5.5 Potential Applications of Nanosensors in Disease Diagnosis by Phytopathogens
5.6 Conclusion and Future Perspe
6. Nanomaterials in Seed Germination and Plant Growth
6.1 Physiology of Seed Germination
6.2 Nanomaterials for Enhancing Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence
6.2.1 Seed Nanopriming
6.3 Revitalizing Aged Seeds
6.4 Genetic Regulation of Increasing the Germinability Due to Nanopriming
6.5 Nanomaterials in Plant growth
6.6 Metallic Nanomaterials
6.7 Non-metallic Nanomaterials
6.8 Co-application of Synthetic Nanomaterials
6.9 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
7. Toxicity of Nanomaterials on Plants and their Habitats
7.1 Effects of Nanomaterials on Nutrient Uptake by Plants
7.2 Toxic Effects on Plant Functionality
7.2.1 DNA Damage
7.3 Effects on Plant Physiological Functions
7.3.1 Effects on Plant Metabolism and Related Mechanisms
7.3.2 Excessive Production of Reactive Oxygen Species and Oxidative Enzyme Activity
7.3.3 Effects on Photosynthesis
7.4 Toxic Effects of Nanomaterials on Soil Ecosystems
7.4.1 Effects on Soil Microbial Communities
7.4.2 Effects on Nutrient Cycling
7.4.3 Soil Enzyme Activity
7.5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
8. Characterization Techniques of Nanomaterials
8.1 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
8.2 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
8.3 Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)
8.4 Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD)
8.5 Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR)
8.6 Thermal Analysis
8.6.1 Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA)
8.6.2 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
8.6.3 Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)
8.7 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
Index
