Nanoparticles Reinforced Metal Nanocomposites: Mechanical Performance and Durability

Contents
Metal and Materials Engineering: Historical Prospect
1 Introduction
2 Historical Panorama in Metals and Materials
2.1 Stone Age
2.2 Metal Ages
2.3 Copper Ages
2.4 Bronze Age
2.5 Iron Age
3 History of Glass Materials
4 Brief History of Polymeric Materials
5 Brief History of Carbon Materials
6 Brief History of Nanomaterials
7 Conclusions
References
Introduction of Metal Nanoparticles, Dental Applications, and Their Effects
1 Introduction
2 Nanomaterials
3 Category of Nanomaterials
3.1 Organic Nanomaterials
3.2 Inorganic Nanomaterials
3.3 Carbon Founded Nanomaterials
4 Synthesis of Nanomaterials
4.1 Top-Down Synthesis
4.2 Bottom-Up Synthesis
5 Nanomaterials Features
5.1 Physical Features
5.2 Chemical Features
6 Characterizing Nanomaterials
6.1 Morphological Properties
6.2 Structural Properties
6.3 Particle Size and Surface Area
6.4 Optical Features
7 Applications of Nanomaterials
7.1 Dental Applications of Nanomaterials
7.2 Nanomaterials in Oral Medicine and Radiology
7.3 Nanomaterials in Restorative Dentistry
7.4 In Vivo Toxicological Investigations
7.5 Tissue and Cell Culture Nano Toxicological Studies
8 Conclusion
References
Recent Progress in the Development of Metallic Composite for Advanced Technologies
1 Introduction
2 Classification of Composite Materials
2.1 Ceramic Matrix Composites
2.2 Polymer Matrix Composite
2.3 Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs)
3 Properties of Metallic Composites
3.1 Physical Properties
3.2 Mechanical Properties
3.3 Thermal Properties
3.4 Fatigue
3.5 Electrical Properties
4 Processing of Materials
4.1 Liquid-State Processing
4.2 Solid-State Processing
5 Conclusion
References
Methods for the Development of High-Performance Metallic Nanocomposites
1 Introduction
2 General Methods for Synthesis of Metallic Nanocomposites
2.1 Top-Down Approach
2.2 Bottom-Up Methods
2.3 Other Popular Techniques of Nanocomposite Synthesis
3 Properties of Metallic Nanocomposites
3.1 Optical Properties
3.2 Magnetic Properties
3.3 Electrical Properties
3.4 Surface Plasmon Resonance
4 Unique Properties of Metallic Nanocomposites
4.1 Surface Atom and Quantum Dots as NCs
4.2 Metallic Nanocomposites as a Catalyst
5 Characterization and Sensing Applications of Metallic Nanocomposites
5.1 Structural Analysis of Metallic Nanocomposites
5.2 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)
5.3 Raman Spectroscopy
5.4 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)
6 Sensors Developed Using Metallic Nanocomposites
6.1 Electrochemical Sensors
6.2 Biosensors
6.3 Photovoltaic Sensors
6.4 pH Sensors
6.5 Photocatalytic Sensors
7 Conclusion
References
Metallic Nanoparticles: Status and Prospect
1 Introduction
2 Methods of Nanoparticle Synthesis
3 Morphology Control of Nanoparticles (Size, Shape, and Structure)
3.1 Size Control of Nanoparticles
3.2 Shape Control of Nanoparticles
3.3 Structure Control of Nanoparticles
4 Physicochemical Properties of NPs
4.1 Electronic and Optical Properties
4.2 Magnetic Properties
4.3 Mechanical Properties
5 Applications
5.1 Nanoparticles in Coatings
5.2 Nanoparticles in Catalysis
5.3 Nanoparticles in Lubrication
5.4 Nanoparticles in Nanomanufacturing
6 Challenges and Future Prospects
7 Conclusions
References
Synthesis, Properties and Characterization of Metal Nanoparticles
1 Introduction
2 Method in Metallic Nanoparticles Synthesis
2.1 Top-Down Methods
2.2 Bottom-Up Methods
3 Methods Used in Metal Nanoparticles Characterization
3.1 X-Ray-Based Techniques
3.2 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)
3.3 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
3.4 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
3.5 Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)
3.6 Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS)
3.7 Zeta Potential Measurement
3.8 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS)
3.9 UV–VIS Spectrophotometry
4 Basic Properties of Metallic Nanomaterials
4.1 Surface Plasmon Resonance Properties
4.2 Magnetic Properties
4.3 Mechanical Properties
4.4 Thermal Properties
5 Conclusion
References
Advantages and Disadvantages of Metal Nanoparticles
1 Introduction
2 Routes of Fabrication
2.1 Top-Down Approach
2.2 Bottom-Up Approach
3 Advantages of Metal Nanoparticles
3.1 Surface Plasmon Resonance
3.2 Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering
3.3 Enhanced Rayleigh Scattering
3.4 Targeting Capabilities
3.5 Biocompatibility
3.6 Anti-friction and Antiwear Effect in Nanolubrication
3.7 Combined Propertied in Nanocomposites
4 Disadvantages of Metal Nanoparticles
4.1 Particle’s Instability
4.2 Toxicity in the Human Body
4.3 Toxicity in Plants
4.4 Contamination During Synthesis
4.5 Challenges in Their Synthesis
5 Conclusions
References
Recent Trends in Metallic Nanocomposites for Sensing and Electrochemical Devices
1 Introduction
2 Electrochemistry
2.1 Modes of Operation
2.2 Parameters Defining Performance of Nanomaterial-Based Sensors
3 Review of Metal Nanocomposite-Based Electrochemical Sensors
3.1 Gold (Au) Nanocomposite-Based Electrochemical Sensors
3.2 Silver (Ag) Nanocomposite-Based Electrochemical Sensor
3.3 Platinum (Pt) Nanocomposite-Based Electrochemical Sensors
3.4 Palladium (Pd) Nanocomposite-Based Electrochemical Sensors
3.5 Other Metal Nanocomposite-Based Electrochemical Sensors
4 Conclusion
References
Carbon–Metal Hybrid Nanomaterials for High Technologies
1 Introduction
2 Overview of Carbon-Based Hybrid Nanomaterials
2.1 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)
2.2 Graphene
2.3 Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs)
2.4 Nano-diamonds
2.5 Carbon Nanofibers
2.6 Fullerenes
3 Synthesis of Carbon-Based Hybrid Nanomaterials
3.1 Sol–Gel Method
3.2 Hydrothermal Treatment
3.3 Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)
3.4 Hummer’s Method
4 Polymer-Supported Carbon–Metal Hybrid Nanocomposites for Energy Storage Applications
5 Conclusions
References
Nanomaterials for Fabrication of Thermomechanical Robust Composite
1 Introduction
2 Overview of Nanostructured Materials
3 Nanomaterial Fabrication Techniques
4 Robust Composite Fabrication Techniques
5 Different Factors Influencing Mechanical Performance of Nanomaterials
6 Effect of Thermomechanical Performance Nanomaterial-Based Robust Composites
7 Mechanical Properties of Nanomaterial-Based Robust Composites
8 Conclusions
References
Progress in Metal Nanoparticles-Based Elastic Materials
1 Introduction
2 Stretchable Conductive Composites and Dielectrics
3 Shape Memory Application
4 Polymer Composite
5 Flexible Hydrogels
6 Polymeric Membrane
7 Glass Composites
8 Superhydrophobic Materials
9 Printable Elastic Electrodes and Sensors
10 Conclusion
References
Application of Nanomaterials to Enhance Mechanical Properties of Metallic Alloys: Status and Prospects
1 Introduction
2 Strength and Ductility
3 Fatigue
4 Hardness
5 Fracture and Toughness
6 Corrosion and Wear
7 Creep
8 Deformation
9 Conclusion
References
Metal-Based Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Biomedical Applications
1 Introduction
1.1 Metal-Based Nanoparticles
1.2 Elemental Nanoparticles
1.3 Magnetic Nanoparticles
1.4 Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
1.5 Bimetallic or Alloy Nanoparticles
2 Synthesis of Metal-Based Nanoparticles
2.1 Top-Down Methods
2.2 Bottom-Up Methods
2.3 Biology-Sourced Methods
2.4 Microfluidic Method
3 Biomedical Applications
3.1 Gold Nanoparticles
3.2 Silver Nanoparticles
3.3 Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
3.4 Zirconium Nanoparticles
3.5 Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles
3.6 CeO2 Nanoparticles
3.7 Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
3.8 Bimetallic Nanoparticles
4 Conclusion
5 Challenges and Future Aspects
References