This book introduces the reader to drug delivery with specific emphasis on the use of nanoparticles. It covers properties, characterization, and preparation of different types of nanoparticles and discusses recent advances in their structural design and biomedical application, as well as the issues and challenges associated with their design and use. Some of the topics covered include the potential application of nanoparticles in biomedical fields, hazards associated with use of nanoparticles for drug delivery, size-dependent factors in drug delivery applications, different organic, inorganic and their hybrid systems used in drug delivery, etc. It also highlights use of nanoparticles in controlled and targeted drug delivery, and their application in stimuli-responsive, especially pH-responsive, drug release. Additionally, it also focuses on biomimetic nanoparticles, challenges faced in the designing of nanoparticles for drug delivery in cancer, viral and bacterial diseases. The contents of this volume will be useful to researchers and professionals working on advances in targeted drug delivery systems.
Author(s): K. S. Joshy; Sabu Thomas; Vijay Kumar Thakur
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2021
Language: English
Pages: 207
Preface
Contents
Editors and Contributors
1 Nanomaterials for Cancer Therapeutics
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Molybdenum-Based Nanoparticles
3 Iron and Other Magnetic Nanomaterials
4 Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles
5 Polymer-/Polyamino Acids-Based Nanoparticles
6 Plant Viral Nanoparticles
7 Gold Nanoparticles
8 Quantum Dots
9 Recent Examples of Other Nanoparticles-Based Cancer Therapeutics
10 Nanoparticles-Based Cancer Therapeutics in the Market
11 Nanodiagnostics for Cancer Treatment
12 Conclusion
References
2 Biomaterials and Its Advances for Delivering Anticancer Drugs
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Classes of Biomaterials for Anticancer Activity
3 Natural Biomaterials
3.1 Collagen
3.2 Alginates
3.3 Hyaluronic Acid (HA)
3.4 Chitosan
3.5 Cellulose
3.6 Cyclodextrins (CD)
3.7 Silk
4 Inorganic Biomaterials
4.1 Titanium and Selenium
4.2 Calcium Phosphate
4.3 Silica
5 Synthetic Biomaterials
5.1 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)
5.2 Graphene
5.3 Poly(Lactic Acid) (PLA)
5.4 Poly(Ethylene Glycol) (PEG)
5.5 Poly(ɛ-Caprolactone) (PCL)
5.6 Polyanhydrides
5.7 Polyurethanes (PU)
5.8 Conducting Polymers
6 Hybrid Materials
7 Triggerable Biomaterials
7.1 Magnetic Responsive Biomaterials
7.2 pH-Responsive Biomaterials
7.3 Temperature-Responsive Biomaterials
7.4 Redox Responsive Biomaterials
7.5 Enzymes and Hydrolysis Sensitive Polymers
7.6 Light Responsive Biomaterials
7.7 Electrically Responsive Biomaterials
7.8 Sound Responsive Biomaterials
7.9 Swelling and Shrinking Biomaterials
8 Commercially Available Products
9 Conclusions
References
3 Stimuli-responsive Hybrid Polymeric Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Exogenous Stimuli-Responsive Polymeric Nanoparticles
2.1 Light Responsive PNPs
2.2 Magnetic Responsive PNPs
2.3 Thermoresponsive PNPs
2.4 Electroresponsive PNPs
3 Endogenous Stimuli-Responsive Polymeric Nanoparticles
3.1 Redox-Responsive PNPs
3.2 pH-Responsive PNPs
3.3 Enzyme Responsive PNPs
4 Dual and multistimuli-responsive PNPs
References
4 Hybrid Nanoparticles in Image-Guided Drug Delivery
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Principle
3 Hybrid Nanoparticles (HNPs)
4 Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Responses of Hybrid Nanoparticles (HNPs)
5 General Principles
6 Physical Methods
7 Photochemical Approach
8 Ionizing Radiation
9 Microwave Radiation
10 Chemical Synthesis Methods
11 Hydrothermal/Solvothermal Approach
12 Wet-Chemical Approach
13 Seed-Growth Approach
14 Sol-Gel Approach
15 Sonochemical Approach
16 Co-precipitation Approach
17 Toxicity, Bioavailability and Mode of Action of HNPs
18 Applications of HNPs
References
5 Ceramic-Based Hybrid Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Calcium Phosphate-Based Hybrid Ceramic Nanoparticles
3 Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles
4 Silica-Based Hybrid Nanoparticles
5 Titania-Based Ceramic Nanoparticles
6 Zirconia Oxide-Based Hybrid Nanoparticles
7 Boron Carbide-Based Nanoparticles
8 Conclusion
References
6 Biomaterials for Anticancer Drugs
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Cancer
2 Oral Chemotherapy
3 Biomaterial for Anticancer Drugs
3.1 Prodrugs
3.2 Nanoemulsions
3.3 Dendrimers
3.4 Micelles
3.5 Liposomes
3.6 Solid Lipid Nanoparticles
3.7 Nanoparticles of Biodegradable Polymers
4 Natural Products as Anticancer Drugs
4.1 Curcumin-Based Materials for Drug Delivery
5 Conclusion
References
7 Quantum Dots in Drug Delivery
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 An Overview About the Structure and Synthesis of QDs
3 QDs Bioengineering Strategies
4 Engineered QDs in Cancer Targeted Drug Delivery Applications
Acknowledgements
References
8 Nanotechnology and Its Implication in Antiviral Drug Delivery
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 The Virus
1.2 Life Cycle of HIV
1.2.1 Binding and Fusion
1.2.2 Reverse Transcription
1.2.3 Integration
1.2.4 Replication
1.2.5 Assembly
1.2.6 Budding
1.3 HIV Transmission
1.4 HIV Pathogenesis
1.4.1 HIV/Host Cell Interaction
1.5 The Complexity of HIV/AIDS
1.6 Detection of HIV
1.7 HIV/AIDS Current Therapeutic Strategies
1.7.1 Administration Routes
1.7.2 Major Setbacks for Anti-Retroviral Therapy for HIV/AIDS
1.8 Nanotechnology in Medicine
1.8.1 Nanotechnology Approaches in HIV/AIDS Management
1.9 Nanocarrier-Based Drug Delivery Systems
1.9.1 Dendrimers
1.9.2 Polymeric Nanoparticles
1.9.3 Inorganic Nanoparticle
1.9.4 Metal Based Nanoparticle
1.9.5 Liposomes
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles
Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC)
Lipid Drug Conjugates (LDC)
Lipid–Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles
1.10 Methods of Preparation of Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Systems
1.10.1 Homogenization
1.10.2 Hot Homogenization
1.10.3 Cold Homogenization
1.10.4 Ultrasonication or High-Speed Homogenization
1.10.5 Solvent Emulsification/Evaporation
1.10.6 Microemulsion
1.10.7 Supercritical Fluid Technique
1.10.8 Spray Drying Method
1.10.9 Double Emulsion Method
1.11 Synthesis of Polymeric Nanoparticles
1.11.1 Nanoprecipitation
1.11.2 Salting Out
1.11.3 Emulsification Diffusion
1.11.4 Emulsification Evaporation
1.11.5 Double Emulsion
1.12 Synthesis and Fabrication of Lipid–Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles
1.12.1 Two-Step Method
1.12.2 One-Step Method
2 Conclusions
References
