This book presents a complete state of the art for different types of nanomaterial, their environmental fate, and their use in textile waste remediation. Nano-engineered materials including nanoparticles, nanofibers, nanotubes have been used extensively for a variety of applications. Environmental concerns have been noted mainly due to the discharge of textile waste. Nanotechnology is fast growing on research and bringing sustainable solution in minimizing the waste. This also minimizes the risk of exposure and health hazards. With the development of industry, environmental pollution and energy shortage have raised awareness of a potential global crisis. So, it is urgent to develop a simple and effective method to address these current issues. Nano-engineered materials can be better solution in finding solution of environmental sustainability more specific to the textile waste remediation.
Nano-engineered materials have emerged as pioneering photocatalysts and account for most of the current research in this area. This can provide large surface areas, diverse morphologies, abundant surface states, and easy device modeling, all of which are properties beneficial to photodegradation. Furthermore, the stability and cost of nano-engineered materials are critical factors. Therefore, it is a challenge of great importance to identify and design nano-engineered materials that are efficient, stable, and abundant for the remediation of textile waste.
Author(s): Ajay Kumar Mishra
Series: Environmental Footprints and Eco-design of Products and Processes
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 229
City: Singapore
Preface
Contents
Introduction to Textile Waste Remediation
1 Introduction
1.1 What is Textile Waste Remediation?
1.2 Types of Textile Wastewater [7]
2 Textile Waste Remediation Treatment
3 Use of Technology in Textile Wastewater Treatment
4 Challenges Faced in Textile Waste Remediation
5 Solutions to the Challenges Faced Due to Textile Wastewater Treatment
5.1 Reuse of Textile Wastewater
5.2 Conclusions
5.3 Future Scenario
References
Textile Waste: The Genesis, Environmental Impact and Remediation Using Nanomaterials
1 Introduction
2 The Genesis of Textile Waste
2.1 Pre-consumer Textile Waste
2.2 Post-consumer Textile Waste
2.3 Industrial Waste
3 Environmental Impact
4 Remediation of Textile Wastes
5 Conclusions
References
Degradation of Reactive Dyes Using Photoactive Membranes
1 Introduction
2 Environmental and Human Health Impacts of Reactive Dyes
3 Photocatalytic Membranes
3.1 Factors Affecting Membrane Performance in Photodegradation Efficiency
4 Membrane Fabrication Methods
4.1 Facile Spray Deposition
4.2 Atomic Layer Deposition
4.3 Chemical Vapour Deposition
4.4 Electrospinning and Hydrothermal Reaction
4.5 Dip-Coating
4.6 Phase Inversion
5 Applications in Dye Removal
6 Photocatalysis
6.1 UV-Driven Photocatalysis
6.2 Solar-Driven Photocatalysis
6.3 Coupling Membrane Filtration with Photocatalysis
7 Photoreactors
7.1 Reactor Design
7.2 Slurry Photocatalytic Membrane Reactor
7.3 Immobilized Photocatalytic Membrane Reactor
8 Conclusion and Future Outlook
References
Bio-Remediation of Organic Dyes from Wastewater by Microbial Colony—A Short Review
1 Introduction
2 Importance of Biological Treatment Relative to Physicochemical Methods
3 Physical and Chemical Methods
4 Biological Methods
5 Decolorization and Degradation of Azo Dyes by Fungi
6 Decolorization and Degradation of Azo Dyes by Yeast
7 Decolorization and Degradation of Azo Dyes by Algae
8 Decolorization and Degradation of Azo Dyes by Plants (Phytoremediation)
9 Bacterial Decolorization and Degradation of Azo Dyes
10 Using Pure Bacterial Culture
11 Using Co-culture and Mixed Bacterial Cultures
12 Mechanisms of Microbial Color Removal
13 Factors Affecting Bacterial Decolorization
14 Effects of Oxygen and Agitation
15 Effects of Carbon and Nitrogen Source Supplements
16 Effects of Temperature
17 Effects of pH
18 Effects of Dye Concentration
19 Effects of Dye Structure
20 Effects of Electron Donor
21 Effects of Redox Mediator
22 Reductive Enzymes Involved in the Bacterial Degradation of Azo Dyes
23 Oxidative Enzymes Involved in the Bacterial Degradation of Azo Dyes
24 Microbial Toxicity
25 Conclusions
References
Textile Waste Conversion into Valuable Products for Environmental Impact Abatement
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Materials
2.2 Thermogravimetric Assays
2.3 Development of the Activated Carbon Cloths
2.4 Physicochemical Characterization of the Activated Carbon Cloths
2.5 Batch Adsorption Experiments
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Thermal Degradation Behavior of the Textile Scraps
3.2 Yields and Physicochemical Properties of the Activated Carbon Cloths
3.3 Effect of the Activating Agent on Yield and Physicochemical Characteristics of the Activated Carbon Cloths from Selected Textile Scraps
3.4 Effectiveness of the Activated Carbon Cloths in Water Contaminants Removal
4 Conclusions
References
MOF: A Futuristic Material for Dyes Remediation
1 Overview on, MOF for Dyes
2 Crystalline Sponge Method
2.1 A Crystallographic Capture of Dyes in Non-Crystalline State
3 A Crystallographic-Capture
3.1 A Vibrant Arena of Chemical-Structure Elucidation
4 Crystallographic-Competency
4.1 Crystallography is a Unique Way of Identification of Compounds by Complete Imagining Which Necessitates Its Application for a Wider Range of Chemical Species
5 Crystallographic-Confines for Absorption in Liquid State
5.1 The Problem Arises When Crystallography Requires-Well-Diffracting Crystals of the Target Compound
6 Context of Crystalline Sponge Method for Dye-Absorption
6.1 Crystalline Sponge Method-A Crystallography Without the Crystallization of Target Dye-Compound
7 Improvements of Crystalline Sponge Method
8 Essentials of Crystalline Sponge Method
9 Absolute Structure Determination
10 Solution & Refinement of Encapsulated Molecular Species
11 Chronology of Crystalline Sponge Method
11.1 Chronological Evolution of Crystallography Without Crystallization-The following Studies were on a Variety of Compounds of All Sizes, of Different Chemical Natures, in Diverse Chemical Environments from Non-polar Solvents to the Most Polar Such as-Water. Over 1000 Hits Reported in CSD, Were Merely for Zn-TPT and Analogous MOFs by Now
12 Overview on MOF, as a Dye-Absorbent
12.1 Metal-Organic Frameworks Have the Greatest Surface Area of Known Chemical-Compounds-MOF’s are the Best Crystalline Sponges with a Rigid Framework, Appropriate for Dye Absorption
12.2 MOF-Dye Absorbent, as Crystalline Material
12.3 Extremely Large Surface Area
12.4 Pore Space Within MOF
12.5 Active Sites Within MOF
12.6 Thermal Response
12.7 Mechanical Stress
12.8 Elasticity/Flexibility
13 MOF Topology
13.1 Apart from Chemical Constitution, MOF’s Topology Has a Very Significant Role in Guest–host Coordination
14 Non-covalent Interactions
14.1 Profound Action of Non-covalent Interactions towards the Crystalline Sponge Method
15 A Relative Relevance of Non-covalent Interactions
16 Electrostatic Force—A Central Force of All Contacts
17 Kinetic Aspect of Interactions
17.1 NCIs Are Necessary for MOF-Dye Structure Integrity
18 Conclusions
References
Environmental Hazards on Textile Waste
1 Introduction
1.1 Overview of Textile Industry and Waste Water Generation
1.2 Categories of Industrial Waste
1.3 Impact of Water Pollution on Human Life
2 Some Ways to Reduce Water Pollution
3 Conclusions
References
Recent Trends in Eco-Friendly Materials for Agrochemical Pollutants Removal: Polysaccharide-Based Nanocomposite Materials
1 Introduction
2 Agrochemicals
2.1 Origin and Classification
2.2 Pesticides
2.3 Fertilizers
2.4 Environmental Implications, Remediation Treatments, and Regulations
3 Nanocomposite Materials Based on Single Polysaccharides
4 Nanocomposite Materials Based on Polysaccharide Blends
5 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
References
Nano-engineered Material and Remediation Strategy
1 Introduction
2 Inorganic Nanomaterials
2.1 Gold Nanomaterials (GNPs)
2.2 Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (INPs)
2.3 Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs)
2.4 Quantum Dots (QDs)
3 Composite-Based Nanomaterials
4 Carbon-Based Nanomaterials
4.1 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) [1]
4.2 Buckminsterfullerene [39]
4.3 Graphene Oxide (GO) [32]
5 Conclusions and Future Scope
References
Degradation of Textile Waste for Environmental Protection
1 Introduction
2 Textile Waste Degradation Methods
2.1 Biological Method
2.2 Non-Biological Method
2.3 Alternate Use of Textile Waste
3 Conclusions
References
