The book presents new and novel perceptions about ailments alleviating the effects of several mushroom species. Also, the book highlights the curative role of medicinal mushrooms on some peripheral and central diseases. Various chapters in the book (primarily reviews) have been dedicated to providing the therapeutic efficacy of mushrooms against respiratory illnesses, gut microbiota, COVID-19, dementia, epilepsy, mental ailments, cancers, cardiovascular, kidney-related diseases, and other common pathologies. Thus, medicinal mushrooms are current and future consumable healthcare products that usually exhibit nourishing properties and possess prophylactic and therapeutic values with minimal adverse effects and contraindications. The book focuses on Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 3) to promote healthy lives and well-being for all.
Medical, pharmacy, nursing, and CAM (complementary and alternative medicine) students, practitioners, scholars, researchers, other healthcare professionals, and general readers are this book’s potential audience. The book can be adopted as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate courses so that the therapeutic potential of mushrooms can reach a wider audience. This book strives to create a new resource for the future use of medicinal mushrooms in various disorders.
Author(s): Dinesh Chandra Agrawal, Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 520
City: Singapore
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Editors
Contributors
Mushrooms as Promising Therapeutic Resources: Review and Future Perspectives
1 Introduction
2 Mushroom-Derived Biomolecules and Mycopharmacology
2.1 Polysaccharides
2.2 Terpenoids, Steroids, Sterols, and Lipids
2.3 Phenolics
2.4 Amino Acids and Proteins
2.5 Lectins and Other Compounds
3 Mushrooms as Therapeutics
3.1 Antitumor and Immunomodulatory
3.2 Antioxidant
3.3 Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial
3.4 Antiviral
3.5 Hypoglycemic and Hypocholesterolemic
3.6 Neuroprotective
3.7 Hepatoprotective
3.8 Other
4 The Advancements in Biomedical Usage of Mushrooms
4.1 Mushroom-Derived Biotech Products
4.2 Pre-Clinical and Clinical Studies
5 Conclusion and Future Prospects
References
Medicinal Mushrooms for Respiratory Health
1 Introduction
1.1 Prevalence of Chronic and Seasonal Respiratory Diseases
1.2 Pathophysiology
1.2.1 Asthma
1.2.2 COPD
1.2.3 COVID-19 Infection
1.3 The Relationship between Airway Smooth Muscle (ASM) and Respiratory Diseases
1.4 Treatment Algorithm
2 Medicinal Mushrooms: Descriptions and Scientific Findings
2.1 Ganoderma Lucidum
2.2 Ophiocordyceps Sinensis
2.3 Lignosus Rhinocerus
2.4 Agaricus Blazei
2.5 Lentinula Edodes
2.6 Pleurotus Ostreatus
2.7 Cryptoporus Volvatus
2.8 Phellinus Linteus
2.9 Trametes Versicolor
2.10 Lactarius Deliciosus
2.11 Fomitopsis Officinalis
2.12 Tremella Fuciformis
2.13 Fomes Fomentarius
2.14 Boletus Edulis
3 Outlook and Future Prospects
3.1 Medicinal Mushrooms and their Anti-Inflammatory Properties
3.2 Beta Glucans and their Application in Health Aspects
3.3 Medicinal Mushrooms and their Relevance to Respiratory Diseases
3.4 Medicinal Mushroom as a Source for Novel Bioactive Compounds
3.5 The Quality, Safety, and Efficacy of Medicinal Mushrooms
4 Conclusion
References
Therapeutic and Prophylactic Potential of Medicinal Mushrooms in COVID-19
1 Introduction
2 SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
3 Therapeutic and Prophylactic Potential of Medicinal Mushrooms in COVID-19
4 Conclusion
References
Influences of Edible Mushrooms on Dynamic and Diversity of Gut Microbiota
1 Introduction
2 Gut Microbiota´s Role in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
3 Mushroom Polysaccharides
4 Modulatory Effects of Mushroom Polysaccharides on Gut Microbiota
5 Short-Chain Fatty Acids´ Synthesis by Gut Microbiota
6 Modulatory Effects of Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharides on Gut Microbiota
7 Modulatory Effects of Cordyceps Militaris Polysaccharides on Gut Microbiota
8 Modulatory Effects of Boletus Edulis on Gut Microbiota
9 Mushroom-Derived MicroRNAs: New Multi-Target Bioactive Molecules and Their Perspective for Therapy
10 Conclusions and Future Prospective
References
Mushrooms - From Traditional Remedies to the Modern Therapeutics
1 Introduction
2 Immunomodulatory Activity
3 Antioxidative Activity
4 Effects on Cardiovascular System
4.1 Antihypercholesterolemic Activity
4.2 Antihypertensive Activity
5 Antitumor Activity
6 Antineurodegenerative Activity
7 Antihyperglycemic Activity
8 Antimicrobial Activity
9 Other Activities
10 Scientific Basis, Problems, and Perspectives for Mushroom-Based Drugs Development
References
Biopharmaceutical Potential of Ophiocordyceps sinensis for Human Health
1 General Introduction to Medicinal Mushrooms
2 Ophiocordyceps sinensis
2.1 Ethnomedicinal Uses of Ophiocordyceps sinensis
2.2 Bioactive Substances in Ophiocordyceps sinensis
3 Biopharmaceutical Potential of Ophiocordyceps sinensis
3.1 Antioxidant Activities
3.2 Cytotoxic and Anticancer Activities
3.3 Immunomodulatory Properties
3.4 Smooth Muscle Relaxant Effects
3.5 Diabetes and Diabetes-Related Conditions
3.6 Antibacterial Activities
3.7 Antiviral Activities
3.8 Other Health Benefits
4 Conclusion
References
Anticancer Potential of Ganoderma lucidum and Its Underlying Mechanisms
1 Introduction
2 Ganoderma lucidum as an Anticancer Agent
2.1 Bioactive Constituents
2.2 In Vitro Studies
2.3 In Vivo Studies
2.4 Clinical Perspective
3 Possible Mechanisms of Ganoderma lucidum Against Cancer
4 Future Perspectives
5 Conclusion
References
Cognitive Enhancing Effects of Medicinal Mushrooms: A Potential Neuroprotective Implication in Dementias
1 Introduction
2 Hericium erinaceus
3 Coriolus versicolor
4 Toxicology Studies
5 Conclusions
References
Potential of Medicinal Mushrooms in Human Health and Welfare: An Overview
1 Introduction
2 Biofunctional Components in Medicinal Mushrooms
2.1 Polysaccharides
2.2 Vitamins and Minerals
2.3 Proteins
2.4 Phenolics
2.5 Terpenes
3 Therapeutic Activities of Mushrooms
3.1 Antimicrobial Activity
3.2 Antioxidant Activity
3.3 Anti-Inflammatory Activity
3.4 Immunomodulatory Activity
3.5 Anticancer Activity
3.6 Antidiabetic Activity
3.7 Cardioprotective Activity
3.8 Anti-Obesity Activity
3.9 Neuroprotective Activity
3.10 Gut Microbiota Enhancement Activity
4 Conclusion
References
Mycotherapeutics Reduce Nephrotoxicity and Renal Diseases
1 Introduction
2 Factors that Induce Nephronal Dysfunction and Renal Damage
3 Nephroprotective Effects of Mushrooms
3.1 Nephroprotective Effects of Mycotherapeutics Against Excessive Alcohol (Ethanol Consumption)-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Re...
3.2 Nephroprotective Effects of Mycotherapeutics Against Anemia (Renal Anemia)-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Renal Damage
3.3 Nephroprotective Effects of Mycotherapeutics in the Prevention of Chronic Kidney Damage
3.4 Nephroprotective Effects of Mycotherapeutics Against Fibrosis
3.5 Nephroprotective Effects of Mycotherapeutics in Hypercholesterolemia (Hyperlipidemia/High-Fat Diet) and Obesity
3.6 Nephroprotective Effects of Mycotherapeutics in Hyperglycemia
3.7 Nephroprotective Effects of Mycotherapeutics in Hypertension
3.8 Nephroprotective Effects of Mycotherapeutics in Hyperuricemia
3.9 Nephroprotective Effects of Mycotherapeutics in Iatrogenesis/Drug-Induced Nephrotoxicity
3.10 Nephroprotective Effects of Mycotherapeutics Against Immune-Based Toxicity
3.11 Nephroprotective Effects of Mycotherapeutics in Inflammation/Nephritis
3.12 Nephroprotective Effects of Mycotherapeutics in Kidney Cancer
3.13 Nephroprotective Effects of Mycotherapeutics in Metal-Induced Nephrotoxicity
3.14 Nephroprotective Effects of Mycotherapeutics in Oxidative Stress
3.15 Nephroprotective Effects of Mushrooms Against Anatomical and/or Physiological Nephronal Insults Related to Senescence
3.16 Nephroprotective Effects of Mycotherapeutics Against Toxins (Exogenous and Endogenous Nephrotoxins)
3.17 Nephroprotective Effects of Mycotherapeutics in Urolithiasis
4 Conclusion
References
Proteomic Research on the Therapeutic Properties of Medicinal Mushrooms
1 Introduction
2 Proteomic Research on Anticancer Properties
2.1 Colorectal Cancer
2.2 Lung Cancer
2.3 Breast Cancer
2.4 Liver Cancer
2.5 Gastric Cancer
2.6 Cervical Cancer
2.7 Ovarian Cancer
2.8 Prostate Cancer
2.9 Melanoma
2.10 Sarcoma
2.11 Lymphoma
3 Proteomic Research on Immunomodulatory Properties
4 Proteomic Research on Antidiabetic Properties
5 Proteomic Research on Hypolipidemic and Antiatherosclerotic Properties
6 Proteomic Research on Hepatoprotective Properties
7 Proteomic Research on Neuroprotective Properties
8 Conclusions
References
Cordyceps militaris (L.): Medicinal Aspects in Terms of Ethnobotanical and Pharmacological Perspectives
1 Introduction
2 Ethnobotanical Investigations on Cordyceps militaris
3 Pharmacological Aspects of Cordyceps militaris
3.1 Respiratory Diseases
3.2 Renal Diseases
3.3 Hepatic Diseases
3.4 Neurological Diseases
3.5 Metabolic Disorders (Diabetes, Obesity, Etc.)
3.6 Cardiovascular Diseases
3.7 Cordyceps militaris against Tumors
3.8 Cordyceps militaris in Aging
3.9 Other Conditions
4 Conclusion
References
Mycotherapeutics Affecting Dopaminergic Neurotransmission to Exert Neuroprotection
1 Introduction
2 Mycotherapy for the Current and Future Human and Animal Healthcare: Treats Acute and Chronic Disease States
3 Designing Mycotherapeutics-Based Strategies to Target Dopaminergic Neurotransmission to Prevent and Treat Neurological Disea...
3.1 Ataxia
3.2 Autism Spectrum Disorders
3.3 Neuropsychiatric Disorders
3.3.1 Schizophrenia
3.3.2 Bipolar Disorder
3.3.3 Depression
3.3.4 Parkinson´s Disease
3.3.5 Restless Leg Syndrome
3.3.6 Tremor
3.3.7 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
3.3.8 Smoking Cessation
3.3.9 Tic Disorder/Tourette Syndrome
3.3.10 Traumatic Brain Injury
4 Conclusion
References
Biological Activities of Some Edible Mushrooms
1 Introduction
2 Agaricus bisporus (J.E. Lange) Imbach
3 Agaricus blazei Murill
4 Amanita caesarea (Scop.) Pers.
5 Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. Kumm
6 Auricularia Species
7 Boletus edulis Bull
8 Coprinus comatus (O.F. Müll.) Pers.
9 Coriolus versicolor (L. ex Fr.) Quel.
10 Flammulina velutipes (Curtis) Singer
11 Grifola frondosa (Dicks.)
12 Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. Ex Fr) P. Kumm.
13 Conclusion
References
Nephroprotective Effects of Four Ganoderma Species
1 Introduction
2 Kidney Diseases/Renal Pathologies
3 Nephroprotective Effects of Four Ganoderma Species
3.1 Ganoderma applanatum
3.2 Ganoderma cochlear
3.3 Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi)
3.4 Ganoderma tsugae (Ling Zhi)
4 Conclusion
References
Mechanisms Involved in Edible Mushrooms´ Health Beneficial Effects
1 Introduction
2 Edible Mushrooms´ Nutritional Effects
3 Mechanisms Involved in the Beneficial Effects
3.1 Antimicrobial Activity
3.2 Antioxidant Activity
3.3 Immunomodulatory Effect
3.4 Anticancer and Antitumor Effects
3.5 Other Mechanisms
4 Conclusion
References
Mycotherapy (Medicinal Mushrooms) as a Potential Treatment for Epilepsy
1 Introduction
2 Epilepsy
3 Medicinal Mushrooms to Reduce Seizures and/or Treat Epilepsy
3.1 Hericium Erinaceus
3.2 Ganoderma Lucidum
3.3 Amauroderma Rugosum
3.4 Pleurotus Ostreatus
3.5 Armillaria Mellea
3.6 Ganoderma Neo-Japonicum
3.7 Cordyceps Militaris (Linn)
4 Conclusion
References
Natural vs. Synthetic Psilocybin: The Same or Completely Different?
1 Introduction
2 Psilocybin as a Natural Medicine
3 The Mushrooming Market
4 Natural Vs. Synthetic Medicines
5 The Psilocybin Mushroom Entourage Effect
6 Future Psilocybin Research
7 Summary and Looking Forward
References
Preventative and Curative Properties of Reishi and Maitake Mushrooms in Cancer
1 Introduction
2 Bioactives in Medicinal Mushrooms
3 Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma Lucidum)
3.1 Breast Cancer
3.2 Colorectal Cancer
3.3 Prostate Cancer
3.4 Leukemia
3.5 Lung Cancer
3.6 Melanoma
3.7 Ovarian Cancer
4 Maitake Mushroom (Grifola Frondosa)
4.1 Breast Cancer
4.2 Colorectal Cancer
4.3 Prostate Cancer
4.4 Gastric Cancer
4.5 Hepatocellular Carcinoma
4.6 Bladder Cancer
5 Conclusion
References
