Multicriteria Decision Aiding Interventions: Applications for Analysts

Introduction
Main Complexities and Difficulties
Content and Structure
Case Analyses
Analysis of Decision Problem Classes
References
Contents
What Are the Results of an MCDA Intervention? Some Reflections
1 Introduction
2 An Analysis Framework
2.1 Strategic Decision Problems and DA Interventions
2.2 Technical Problems and DA Interventions
2.3 Aims and Results of a DA Intervention
2.4 An Application of the Analysis Framework
3 The Main Factors that Influence Decision Aid Interventions
3.1 Time Factor
3.1.1 A Collective Design of an Integrated Land Monitoring System §
3.1.2 How to Improve Financing Actions in the Public Sector §
3.2 The Possible Roles of a DA Analyst
3.2.1 A Project Selection Case Pertaining to the Public Administration §
3.2.2 Project Selection in a Process of IT Innovation §
3.2.3 A DA Analyst Involved in a Roundtable of Experts as an Expert in Methods §
3.3 Decision System and Its Dynamics
3.3.1 A New Service to Improve Airport Revenues from off-Flight Services §
3.3.2 An MCDA Process that Transforms Data into Information §
4 MCDA Interventions: Some of the Main Difficulties and Results
4.1 Technical Decision Problems
4.1.1 A Simple Tool to Reflect on and Structure an MC Model §
4.1.2 Expected and Unexpected Results in a Process of Project Selection §
4.2 Strategic Decision Problems
4.2.1 The Urban Postal Network Reorganisation in Switzerland §
4.2.2 MCDA Analysts and the City of Quebec §
4.2.3 Methodological Approaches to Public Contexts of Decision-Making §
4.2.4 Decisions for Complex Policy Problems
4.2.5 Research Projects and Strategic Decision Problems
5 Conclusions
References
Spatial Decision Support to Reorganize the Swiss Postal Network
1 Introduction
2 The Decision Support Process
2.1 Sources of Information
2.2 The Main Steps
2.3 Definition of Objectives and Criteria
2.4 Evaluation of Actions´ Performances
2.5 Synthesis by Multicriteria Analysis
2.6 Design and Evaluation of Network Alternatives
3 A Decision Support Approach in a Decision-Making Process
3.1 Who Decides What?
3.2 What Role for Information in the Decision-Making Process?
3.2.1 The Construction of a Complex Problem
3.2.2 Interaction with Information
3.2.3 Credibility and Scientific Legitimacy of Decision Support
4 Conclusion
Annexe 1
References
A Decision Aiding Methodology to Compare Patient Classification Systems
1 Introduction
2 The Problem and the Organizational Context
2.1 Relationships and Communications
3 Problem Formulation and Modelling Process
4 The Implementation of the ELECTRE III Method: Analysis and Validation of the Results
4.1 Main Difficulties Encountered During the DA Intervention
5 Concluding Remarks
References
A Decision-Aiding Tool for the Choice of Road Pavements and Surfacing
1 Introduction
1.1 Context of the Intervention
1.2 The Working Group
1.3 Goal of the Management of the MET
2 Highlights of the Modeling Phase
2.1 The Criteria
2.2 Categorization of Road Works
2.3 Choice of a Model
3 Evaluation Process
3.1 Qualitative Criteria
3.2 Quantitative Criteria
3.3 Tradeoffs
3.4 Revision
4 Tuning Based on RW Type
4.1 Computing the Value Associated to an RPS for a Given RW
4.2 RW-Dependent Tradeoffs
5 Validation
5.1 Logical Validity
5.2 Validation by Cases
6 The Decision-Aiding Software EVAL-MET
6.1 Interface
6.2 Using the Decision-Aiding Tool EVAL-MET
6.3 The Acceptance Issue
7 Looking Back on the Process
7.1 Strengths
7.2 Difficulties and Process Weaknesses
7.3 Success or Failure?
Appendix
References
Multicriteria Decision Aiding for a Shift Towards Best Environmental Practices in Agriculture, with a Focus on Viticulture
1 Introduction
2 Project Description
2.1 The Research Institutes and Different Stakeholders Mobilised for the Project
3 A Multicriteria Analysis of Decision Aiding
3.1 Step 1. Assessing of the Risk of Pesticides Reaching a Viticultural Watershed
3.2 Step 2. Evaluation of the Environmental and Socioeconomic Performances of Viticultural Systems
3.3 Step 3: Development of Realistic Scenarios of Production Systems
4 Multicriteria Models, Methods, and Results
4.1 Step 1: Model and Results
4.2 Steps 2 and 3: Model, Methodology, and Results
4.2.1 Criteria
4.2.2 Parameters of the Model
4.2.3 Applications of the Methods and Results of Step 2
4.2.4 Assessment of the New Realistic Scenarios of Production Systems and Results of Step 3
5 Main Difficulties and Some Recommendations for this Kind of Complex Project
5.1 The Subject of Pesticides as a Very Sensitive Area
5.2 Presentation of Results and Modelling Assumptions
6 Conclusion
Appendix
The Principle of Multicriteria Methods by Outranking
References
Mutlicriteria Decision Aiding: Challenges in Real-Life Interventions
1 Introduction
2 Intervention Process Description
3 First Intervention: Ranking Streets According to their Potential to Become Complete Streets
3.1 Decision Problem Description
3.2 Organizational Context and the Participants
3.3 Main Aim of the Intervention
3.4 Discussion
3.5 Post-Project Evaluation
4 Second Intervention: Rethinking the Role and Jurisdiction of a Municipal Planning and Conservation Commission
4.1 Decision Problem Description
4.2 Organizational Context and the Participants
4.3 Main Aim of the Intervention
4.4 Discussion
4.5 Post-Project Evaluation
5 Conclusion
References
Contrasting Applications in Environmental Planning and Public Procurement
1 Introduction
2 Applications in Environmental Planning
2.1 Context
2.2 Content Management
2.2.1 Alternatives
2.2.2 Criteria
2.2.3 Evaluations
2.2.4 Weights
2.2.5 Aggregation Method and Results Presentation
2.3 Process Management
2.4 Outcomes
3 Public Procurement
3.1 Context
3.2 Content Management
3.3 Process Management
3.4 Outcomes
4 Discussion
4.1 Spiral of Decisions
4.2 Contexts
4.3 Aggregation Methods
4.4 Overall Consistency
4.5 New Interfaces
4.6 MCDA and Democracy
4.7 Future Areas of Research
5 Conclusion
References
Social Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Policy Options
1 Introduction
2 Democracy and Policy Assessment
3 Down to Earth Social Multi-Criteria Evaluation Processes
4 Mathematical Approaches in the Social Multi-Criteria Framework
5 Conclusions
References
GIS Based/MCDA Modelling for Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment of Land-Use Planning Scenarios in Conflictual Socio...
1 Introduction
2 A Brief Overview of One Complex Problem
2.1 Legal Apparatus by the Expressions of Legislative Corpuses
2.2 Territorial Organization
2.3 Complexities and Proposal
3 An Adapted Methodology Combining Tools
4 Real-World Application
4.1 Selection of the RCM, Logic of the Planning Process, and Data Sources
4.2 Problem Structuring
4.3 Assessment
4.4 Choice and Decision
5 Concluding Remarks and Recommendations for Planners
References