There are obvious benefits in using flame-retardants, as many human lives and property are saved from fire. A large number of compounds have been identified as being used as flame-retardants. At present, knowledge of long-term effects resulting from exposure to flame retardants and their breakdown products is limited. The aim of this volume in the book series New Concepts in Polymer Science is to provide a general overview of the nature, mechanism of action, use and environmental hazards for a number of flame-retardants. This monograph (together with the book by the same authors, Ecological Aspects of Polymer Flame Retardancy (1999) will valuable to anyone interested in the field of flame-retardant chemicals.
Author(s): S.M. Lomakin, G.E. Zaikov
Series: New Concepts in Polymer Science
Publisher: CRC Press
Year: 2021
Language: English
Pages: 287
City: Boca Raton
Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Acknowledgement
Table of Contents
Preface
Introduction
Chapter 1: General Concepts of Polymer Combustion
Chapter 2: General Methods for the Estimation of Polymer Flammability
2.1. Ignitability Tests
2.2. Flame Spread Tests
2.3. Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI)
2.4. Heat Release Tests. Cone Calorimeter
2.5. Polymer Flammability and Molar Group Contributions
2.6. Smoke Tests
Chapter 3: Polymer Flame Retardants
3.1 Halogen-containing Flame Retardants
3.2 Phosphorus-Containing Flame Retardants
3.3 Metallic Compounds
3.4 Nitrogen- and Boron-Containing Flame Retardants
Chapter 4: Polyhalogenated Flame Retardants and Dioxins
4.1. Toxicology of DBDDPO, OBDPO, Pebdpo and HBCD
4.2. Dioxins
4.3. Chemical Structure and Properties
4.4. Environmental Impact
4.5 Sources
4.6 Mechanisms of Dioxin Action
4.7 Toxic Effect of Dioxins
4.8. Carcinogenicity
Chapter 5: New Types of Ecologically Friendly Flame Retardants
5.1 Organic Char Formers
5.2 Silicon-inorganic (SI) Flame Retardant Systems
5.3 Flame Retardants Based on Low-Melting Glass Systems.
5.4 Intumescent Systems
5.5. Preceramic Precursors
5.6 Polymer Nanocomposites
5.7 Polymer Blends
Conclusion
References
Subject Index
