Modeling and Using Context: 6th International and Interdisciplinary Conference, CONTEXT 2007, Roskilde, Denmark, August 20-24, 2007, Proceedings

Front matter......Page 1
Introduction......Page 12
Within-Pretence Inference and Invariant Mappings......Page 14
Description of VNMAs......Page 15
Rate......Page 16
A Contextual and Query-Driven Approach......Page 17
VNMAs in a Semantic Framework......Page 18
Context and Knowledge......Page 19
VNMAs Revisited......Page 21
Comparison to Other Approaches......Page 22
Concluding Remarks......Page 24
Introduction......Page 26
Phases of an MDD Approach for the Development of Context-Aware Applications......Page 27
Identification of the Required Context Information......Page 29
Behavioral Adaptation......Page 31
The Adaptation Profile Structure......Page 32
Context Collection Mechanism Requirements......Page 33
Adaptation Mechanism Requirements......Page 34
Definition of the Target Platform and Model to Model Transformations......Page 35
Technical Transformations......Page 36
Related Work......Page 37
Conclusion......Page 38
Introduction......Page 40
An Ontology for Road Traffic Situation Awareness......Page 41
Formalizing Traffic Situation Types......Page 43
Conceptual Neighborhoods of Situations......Page 44
Landmark Situation Types......Page 46
A Case Study in Road Traffic Management......Page 47
Related Work......Page 51
Discussion and Future Work......Page 52
Introduction......Page 54
Facilitating Interdisciplinary Knowledge Construction......Page 56
Conceptual Analysis......Page 57
Empirical Context......Page 58
Practical Methods......Page 59
Extending the Master Model......Page 60
Issues of Validity......Page 62
Conclusion and Discussion......Page 64
References......Page 65
Introduction......Page 67
Context and Design Methodologies......Page 68
From a Generic Context Definition \ldots......Page 69
\ldots to a Contextual Systems Engineering Process......Page 70
Overview of the Case Study......Page 73
Application of Context Identification Methodology......Page 74
Conclusion and Future Work......Page 78
Introduction......Page 80
Semantic Contextualism......Page 81
Wittgenstein, Searle and Travis......Page 82
Meaning as Justification......Page 83
Foundationalism......Page 84
Contextualizing Justification......Page 85
Contextualizing Meaning......Page 87
References......Page 89
Introduction......Page 93
Related Work......Page 94
Problem Formulation......Page 96
Feature Representation......Page 97
Context in Sentence Alignment......Page 98
Sentence Alignment Algorithm......Page 100
Results on Sentence Alignment Accuracy......Page 101
Conclusion......Page 102
Introduction......Page 105
Background Work and Theoretical Foundations......Page 106
Bateson’s Hierarchy of Learning and Communication: Using Context......Page 107
Situated Cognition......Page 108
Natural Observations of EleGI Collaboration Scenarios......Page 109
Observing Conversation Structures Using Context and Understanding Context......Page 111
Conversation Structures Analyses......Page 112
Discussions......Page 117
References......Page 118
Introduction......Page 119
Goals and Contributions......Page 120
Strategies for View Definition......Page 123
View Extraction......Page 128
Conclusion and Future Work......Page 130
Introduction......Page 133
Context in Decision Making......Page 135
What Is Represented in a Contextual Graph?......Page 136
…Is not Executing the Task......Page 137
Modeling the Task......Page 138
Development of a Practice Model......Page 139
The Experiment......Page 141
Other Applications Developed in Contextual Graphs......Page 143
Conclusion......Page 144
References......Page 146
Introduction......Page 147
"Behavior Dressing"as an Extension of GADGET......Page 149
"Situation Dressing"......Page 151
Situation Description......Page 152
Dressing of the Situation......Page 153
Situation Dressing Refinement......Page 155
Model of Drivers’ Behaviors......Page 156
Conclusion......Page 158
References......Page 159
Background and Motivation......Page 161
Objective and Approach......Page 162
A Brief Study of Several Existent Adaptive Solutions......Page 163
General Architecture......Page 164
The Service-Context Model......Page 165
Service-Context Adequacy......Page 168
Solution Search and Application......Page 170
Model Extensibility......Page 171
Prototype......Page 172
Conclusions and Perspectives......Page 173
Introduction......Page 175
Goal-Oriented Approaches in AI......Page 176
Intuitionistic Type Theory......Page 177
The Context Types......Page 178
Sub-Typing with Contexts......Page 180
Goal Structures......Page 181
The Planning Algorithm......Page 182
Case Study......Page 183
Conclusion......Page 186
Introduction......Page 189
Behavioural Variations......Page 190
Principles of CODA......Page 191
Vocabularium......Page 193
Resolution Strategies......Page 194
Vocabularium of Case-by-Case Resolution Strategy......Page 195
Design Rationale......Page 197
Mapping to Decision Tables......Page 198
CODA Versus FODA......Page 200
Conclusion and Future Work......Page 201
Introduction......Page 203
Possible-Worlds Semantics......Page 204
Local Models Semantics......Page 206
Changing Frames of Mind......Page 208
Combining Possible-World and Local Models Semantics......Page 209
Contextual Increasing and Decreasing Actions......Page 211
Example......Page 214
Conclusion......Page 215
Introduction......Page 217
Empirical Methodology......Page 219
The Effect of Contexts on Human Behavior......Page 221
Comparison with Game Theoretic Strategies......Page 224
The Effect of Contexts on Learner Agents......Page 226
Related Work......Page 228
Conclusion and Future Work......Page 229
Introduction......Page 231
Outside the Box......Page 232
Experiences and Interpreted Contexts......Page 239
Conclusion......Page 243
Introduction......Page 245
Distributed Description Logics: The Syntax......Page 246
Distributed Description Logics: The Semantics......Page 248
The Effects of Mappings......Page 252
Propagation of the Role Hierarchy......Page 253
Propagation of Role Hierarchy into Concept Hierarchy......Page 254
Propagation of Concept Hierarchy into Role Hierarchy......Page 255
Related Work and Concluding Remarks......Page 256
Introduction......Page 259
Overview of ReCQ System......Page 260
Method and Configuration......Page 261
Experimental Results......Page 262
Method and Configuration......Page 264
Experimental Results......Page 265
Method and Configuration......Page 266
Interface from the Previous Module of ReCQ......Page 267
Experimental Results......Page 268
Vertical Search......Page 270
Conclusion and Future Work......Page 271
Introduction......Page 274
JUDGEMAP Model......Page 275
JUDGEMAP’s Prediction and Its Testing......Page 277
The Importance of the Type of Scale......Page 279
Psychological Experiment Judgment on an Objective Scale......Page 280
Simulation with JUDGEMAP Judgment on a Hundred-Point Scale......Page 282
Conclusions......Page 284
References......Page 286
Introduction and Motivation......Page 288
Similarity Measurement......Page 289
Defining Context......Page 290
Comparing Geospatial Features......Page 291
Landmark Selection for Pedestrian Navigation......Page 292
Summary......Page 293
General Requirements......Page 294
The Context Processing Chain......Page 295
Definition of Context for Similarity Measurement......Page 296
Generic Characteristics of Context for Similarity Measurement......Page 297
Conclusions and Future Work......Page 299
References......Page 300
Introduction......Page 302
System Calls......Page 304
Data Traversal......Page 306
The Zipper File System......Page 309
Conclusion......Page 310
Introduction......Page 314
Background......Page 316
Use of Activity Theory as a Means to Model Context......Page 317
Explanations and Context......Page 318
Context Awareness......Page 322
Context Sensitivity......Page 323
Example......Page 324
Summary and Future Work......Page 325
Introduction......Page 328
DUAL-Based Model of Episodic Memory......Page 330
Method......Page 333
Results......Page 335
References......Page 338
Introduction......Page 341
Goal and Requirements......Page 342
Features......Page 343
Prediction......Page 345
Accuracy Values......Page 346
Effect of Window Size......Page 347
Effect of Preprocessing......Page 348
Related Work......Page 349
Summary and Outlook......Page 350
Concerning the Unconsidered When Formalizing Knowledge......Page 353
Previous Work......Page 355
Three Basic Strategies......Page 356
Identification and Classification......Page 357
Do We Really Identify Unconsidered Context?......Page 358
The Coffee-Shop-Logistics (CSL) Diagnosis Domain......Page 359
Modeling the Domain......Page 361
Using a Simulator to Generate `Visible' Diagnosis Rules and Evaluation Examples......Page 362
Results and Discussion......Page 365
Introduction......Page 367
Background......Page 368
Modeling Approach......Page 370
Initial Results......Page 372
An Operational Model of Motivation and Intent for Threat Assessment......Page 373
Social and Cultural Factors in Analysis......Page 375
Conclusion......Page 378
References......Page 379
Introduction......Page 380
Literature Review......Page 381
Problem Formulation......Page 384
Experimental Setup......Page 386
Results......Page 388
Discussions of Results......Page 391
References......Page 393
Introduction......Page 395
Security Challenges of Pervasive Computing Environment......Page 396
COBAR System Overview......Page 397
Authentication Confidence Index......Page 399
Context-Role Based Access Control......Page 400
Architecture of COBAR System......Page 402
Implementation......Page 403
Related Works and Comparison......Page 404
Conclusion......Page 406
VIVACE Knowledge Enabled Engineering......Page 408
Engineering Knowledge Modelling......Page 409
Context Modelling......Page 410
Index K-El on Context......Page 414
Compute Context Similarity and K-El Applicability......Page 415
Overview of Platform Architecture and Implementation......Page 416
Platform Prototype User Interface......Page 417
Platform Prototype Scenario of Use......Page 418
Future Work......Page 419
Conclusion......Page 420
References......Page 421
Introduction......Page 422
Acronym Expansion Relevant Literature......Page 423
Statistical Measures......Page 425
Basic $AcroDef$ Measure......Page 427
Contextual $AcroDef$ Based on Dice's Coefficient......Page 428
Experimenting on a Manually Built Corpus for a Pre-evaluation......Page 429
Experimenting on a Larger Corpus......Page 431
Conclusion and Perspectives......Page 433
Introduction......Page 436
Method......Page 437
Results......Page 439
Model’s Assumption......Page 440
Model Construction......Page 441
Simulations......Page 444
Discussion......Page 446
References......Page 448
Introduction......Page 450
Ontological User Profile as the Context Model......Page 452
Representation of Reference Ontology......Page 453
Updating User Context by Spreading Activation......Page 454
The Contextual Approach for Search Personalization......Page 457
Evaluation Methodology and Experimental Data Sets......Page 458
Conclusions and Outlook......Page 462
Introduction......Page 464
Preliminary......Page 465
Identifying the Connection Between an Incoming Node and the Previous Discourse Tree......Page 467
Identifying the Attachment Point of an Appropriate Incoming Node to PDT......Page 468
Discourse Relations Disambiguation by Reducing Transformations Approach......Page 472
Coherent Tree Construction......Page 473
Experiment and Result......Page 474
Application of Coordinating and Subordinating Relations in Text Summarization......Page 475
Conclusion......Page 476
Introduction......Page 478
Uncertain Knowledge of the Future......Page 480
Belief, Risk, and Impatience......Page 486
Epistemic `Might'......Page 487
Conclusion......Page 491
Introduction......Page 493
Mutual Belief and Pitch Contours......Page 494
Referring to a Shared World......Page 495
Back-Channeling......Page 496
Procedure and Design......Page 497
Reference Type......Page 498
Back-Channeling......Page 500
Conclusion......Page 501
References......Page 502
Introduction......Page 504
Our Working Definition of Context......Page 505
Context Management......Page 506
CEManTIKA and Context Dynamics......Page 508
CEManTIKA Architecture......Page 510
Example of CE Manipulation......Page 512
Related Works......Page 513
Existing Approaches for Context Management......Page 514
Conclusions and Further Work......Page 515
References......Page 516
ECOSPACE......Page 518
Context and Documents......Page 519
Bind Metadata to Document......Page 520
ContextTag......Page 521
ContextScope......Page 522
Scenario - User-Centered Retrieval of Author-Information......Page 525
References......Page 527
Introduction and Motivation......Page 528
Related Work......Page 529
The Notions of Context......Page 530
The Notion of Agent in Organizational Modeling......Page 531
An Architecture of Organizational Agents and Their Contexts......Page 532
Case Study: Agents and Contexts at Each Layer......Page 535
References......Page 540
Introduction......Page 542
The Bourdieu’s Field Theory......Page 543
Field as Context......Page 546
Conversion of Capital as a Social Action......Page 547
Examples of Interpretation......Page 549
Similarities with Other Theoretical Approaches......Page 551
Conclusions......Page 552
References......Page 554
Forms of Context Sensitivity......Page 556
Indexicals: The Classic Picture......Page 558
Indexicalism and Contextualism......Page 560
Context as Affecting the Evaluation of Utterances......Page 561
Relativism......Page 564
Context-Shifting Arguments......Page 566
Introduction......Page 569
Formal Extension: Categories of Context Information......Page 570
Fundamental Categories of Context......Page 571
Context Transitions......Page 576
Shared Contexts......Page 577
References......Page 580
Back matter......Page 583