This book discusses how scientific and other types of cognition make use of models, abduction, and explanatory reasoning in order to produce important and innovative changes in theories and concepts. Gathering revised contributions presented at the international conference on Model-Based Reasoning (MBR18), held on October 24-26 2018 in Seville, Spain, the book is divided into three main parts. The first focuses on models, reasoning, and representation. It highlights key theoretical concepts from an applied perspective, and addresses issues concerning information visualization, experimental methods, and design. The second part goes a step further, examining abduction, problem solving, and reasoning. The respective papers assess different types of reasoning, and discuss various concepts of inference and creativity and their relationship with experimental data. In turn, the third part reports on a number of epistemological and technological issues. By analyzing possible contradictions in modern research and describing representative case studies, this part is intended to foster new discussions and stimulate new ideas. All in all, the book provides researchers and graduate students in the fields of applied philosophy, epistemology, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence alike with an authoritative snapshot of the latest theories and applications of model-based reasoning. Read more...
Front Matter ....Pages i-xiii
Front Matter ....Pages 1-1
Probing Possibilities: Toy Models, Minimal Models, and Exploratory Models (Axel Gelfert)....Pages 3-19
Model Types and Explanatory Styles in Cognitive Theories (Simone Pinna, Marco Giunti)....Pages 20-40
The Logic of Dangerous Models (Selene Arfini)....Pages 41-54
A Pragmatic Model of Justification Based on “Material Inference” for Social Epistemology (Raffaela Giovagnoli)....Pages 55-68
Counterfactual Thinking in Cooperation Dynamics (Luís Moniz Pereira, Francisco C. Santos)....Pages 69-82
Modeling Morality (Walter Veit)....Pages 83-102
Coherence and Credibility in the Story-Model of Jurors’ Decision-Making: Does Mental Simulation Really Drive the Evaluation of the Evidence? (Marion Vorms, David Lagnado)....Pages 103-119
Insight Problem Solving and Unconscious Analytic Thought. New Lines of Research (Laura Macchi, Veronica Cucchiarini, Laura Caravona, Maria Bagassi)....Pages 120-137
On Understanding and Modeling in Evo-Devo (Rodrigo Lopez-Orellana, David Cortés-García)....Pages 138-152
Conjuring Cognitive Structures: Towards a Unified Model of Cognition (Majid D. Beni)....Pages 153-172
How Philosophical Reasoning and Neuroscientific Modeling Come Together (Gabriele Ferretti, Marco Viola)....Pages 173-190
Front Matter ....Pages 191-191
The Dialogic Nature of Semiotic Tools in Facilitating Conscious Thought: Peirce’s and Vygotskii’s Models (Donna E. West)....Pages 193-216
Creative Model-Based Diagrammatic Cognition (Lorenzo Magnani)....Pages 217-244
Kant on the Generality of Model-Based Reasoning in Geometry (William Goodwin)....Pages 245-255
The Logic of Picturing: Wittgenstein, Sellars and Peirce’s EG-beta (Rocco Gangle, Gianluca Caterina, Fernando Tohmé)....Pages 256-273
An Inferential View on Human Intuition and Expertise (Rico Hermkes, Hanna Mach)....Pages 274-286
Disseminated Causation: A Model-Theoretical Approach to Sophisticated Abduction (Andrés Rivadulla)....Pages 287-297
Defining a General Structure of Four Inferential Processes by Means of Four Pairs of Choices Concerning Two Basic Dichotomies (Antonino Drago)....Pages 298-317
Remarks on the Possibility of Ethical Reasoning in an Artificial Intelligence System by Means of Abductive Models (Alger Sans, David Casacuberta)....Pages 318-333
Front Matter ....Pages 335-335
On the Follies of Intercourse Between Models and Fiction: A Naturalized Causal-Response Diagnosis (John Woods)....Pages 337-371
Default Soundness in the Old Approach: An Epistemic Analysis of Default Reasoning (David Gaytán)....Pages 372-392
Models and Data in Finance: les Liaisons Dangereuses (Emiliano Ippoliti)....Pages 393-406
How Can You Be Sure? Epistemic Feelings as a Monitoring System for Cognitive Contents (Sara Dellantonio, Luigi Pastore)....Pages 407-426
A Model for the Interlock Between Propositional and Motor Formats (Gabriele Ferretti, Silvano Zipoli Caiani)....Pages 427-440
A Computational-Hermeneutic Approach for Conceptual Explicitation (David Fuenmayor, Christoph Benzmüller)....Pages 441-469
The Context-Priming of Conceptual Knowledge: RPEC and SPEC Models (Bideng Xiang, Ping Li)....Pages 470-481
Graphs in Linguistics: Diagrammatic Features and Data Models (Paolo Petricca)....Pages 482-499
Back Matter ....Pages 501-502
