This book gives an overview of existing models that cover the whole lifecycle of an IoT application, ranging from its design, implementation, deployment, operation, and monitoring to its final termination and retirement. Models provide abstraction and can help IoT application developers into creating more robust, secure, and reliable applications. Furthermore, adaptation of applications can be eased by using these models, leading to an increased dynamic of the developed IoT applications.
In the book, research of the last years in the area of model based approaches to the Internet of Things is described and these approaches are incorporated into the lifecycle of IoT applications.
Finally, use cases from different domains are introduced that show how these models could be applied in real-world applications.
Author(s): Pascal Hirmer
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 133
City: Cham
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
About the Author
Acronyms
1 Introduction
1.1 Motivation
1.2 Structure of the Book
References
2 Foundations
2.1 Internet of Things: Introduction and Definitions
2.1.1 Communication in the IoT
2.1.1.1 Publish-Subscribe vs. Request-Response
2.1.2 IoT Communication: Protocols and Technologies
2.2 Edge and Fog Computing
References
3 Scenarios and Challenges
3.1 Scenario 1: Autonomous Transport Vehicles
3.2 Scenario 2: Smart Parking
3.3 Challenges
References
4 Life Cycle of an IoT Application
4.1 Step 1: Building the Physical IoT Environment
4.2 Step 2: Modeling the Communication in the IoT Environment
4.3 Step 3: IoT Software Design and Implementation
4.4 Step 4: IoT Software Deployment
4.5 Step 5: IoT Application Execution and Monitoring
4.6 Step 6: IoT Application Adaptation
4.7 Step 7: IoT Application Retirement
4.8 Summary
References
5 Model Based Approaches to the Internet of Things
5.1 Selection of Physical IoT Hardware
5.1.1 IoT Toolbox and Building Blocks
5.1.2 Building Block Recommendation and Selection
5.1.3 Related Work
5.2 Modeling the Physical IoT Environment
5.2.1 Background
5.2.1.1 Internet of Things and Their Environment Models
5.2.1.2 Ontology Models
5.2.2 Overview of IoT Environment Models
5.2.2.1 HomeML
5.2.2.2 IEEE 1451.2
5.2.2.3 IoT-Lite
5.2.2.4 IoT-Stream Ontology
5.2.2.5 IoT Architectural Reference Model (IoT ARM)
5.2.2.6 Open Connectivity Foundation (OCF)
5.2.2.7 IoT-O
5.2.2.8 oneM2M Base Ontology
5.2.2.9 OPC UA Information Model
5.2.2.10 Sensor Measurement Lists (SenML)
5.2.2.11 Sensor Model Language (SensorML)
5.2.2.12 SSN Ontology
5.2.2.13 Vorto
5.2.2.14 Model Categorization
5.2.3 Model Comparison
5.2.3.1 Criterion 202: Maturity (Standard/Non-Standard)
5.2.3.2 Criterion 203: Support of Hierarchies
5.2.3.3 Criterion 204: Availability and Community Support
5.2.3.4 Criterion 205: Implementation
5.2.3.5 Criterion 206: Geolocation Support
5.2.4 Other Surveys
5.2.5 Summary
5.3 Setting Up the IoT Environment
5.4 Modeling the Communication in the IoT Environment
5.4.1 TDLIoT Requirements
5.4.2 Topic Description Language for the IoT
5.4.2.1 Topic Description
5.4.2.2 Topic Provider
5.4.2.3 Topic Consumer
5.4.2.4 Topic Catalog and REST API
5.4.2.5 Prototypical Implementation
5.4.3 Related Work
5.4.4 Summary
5.5 IoT Software Design and Implementation
5.5.1 Software Building Blocks
5.5.2 Data Processing Model
5.6 IoT Software Deployment
5.6.1 TOSCA Foundations
5.6.2 TOSCA and the Internet of Things
5.7 IoT Application Execution and Monitoring
5.7.1 Execution and Message Exchange
5.8 Monitoring of IoT Applications
5.8.1 Generic Agent Templates
5.8.2 Related Work
5.8.3 Conclusion
5.9 IoT Application Adaptation
5.9.1 Used Models
5.9.1.1 Used IoT Environment Model
5.9.2 Lifecycle Method for Seamless Integration of IoT Devices
5.9.2.1 Step 1: Server Discovery
5.9.2.2 Step 2: Device Registration
5.9.2.3 Step 3: Software Determination
5.9.2.4 Step 4: Software Deployment and Configuration
5.9.2.5 Step 5: Data Processing and Monitoring
5.9.2.6 Step 6: Device Removal
5.9.3 Related Work
5.9.4 Prototype and Discussion
5.9.5 Conclusion
5.10 IoT Application Retirement
References
6 Discussion
6.1 Distribution/Decentralization
6.2 Heterogeneity
6.3 Robustness/Safety
6.4 Privacy
6.5 Security
6.6 Efficiency/Real-Time Capabilities
6.7 Energy Consumption
References
7 Conclusion and Summary
