Mixed Media: Moral Distinctions in Advertising, Public Relations, and Journalism

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Mixed Media offers students of journalism, advertising, and public relations the tools for making ethical and moral decisions within their professional disciplines.

The fourth edition of this popular text features more recent ethical theories that acknowledge and address intersectionality within the communicative landscape, including issues of gender, race, ability, and age. The author also takes into account today’s rapidly expanding technology, touching on subjects such as free speech, censorship, cancel culture, and misinformation, and considers how each of these is affected by online and social media. Other updates to the text include expanded coverage of citizen journalism, the increasing media use of artificial intelligence and virtual reality, power in communicative structures, and public interest, as well as refreshed examples throughout. As in previous editions of the book, special attention is paid to key ethical decision-making approaches and concerns in each media industry, including but not limited to truth telling, constituent obligations, persuasion versus advocacy, and respect for the consumers of public communication.

Mixed Media is key reading for students of all branches of Media and Communication Ethics.

The author's own website, featuring lecture notes, case studies and links to further reading, can be accessed at www.j397mediaethics.weebly.com.

Author(s): Tom Bivins, Thomas Bivins
Edition: 4
Publisher: Routledge
Year: 2023

Language: English
Pages: 349
City: New York

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Part I The Basics
Chapter 1 What Is Media Ethics?
Ethics and the Act of Communication
Ethics or Morals?
The Media and Morality
Moral Excuses
Can Personal Ethics Become Professional Ethics?
Media Similarities: The Common Threads
Media Differences: A Coat of Many Colors
Forming Ethical Standards for the Mass Media
Can the Media Be Ethical?
Chapter 2 Moral Claimants, Obligation, and Social Responsibility
Relationships among Media and Their Claimants
Functional versus Moral Obligation
The Nature of Obligation
The Libertarian Approach
The Social Responsibility Approach
What Does It All Mean?
Chapter 3 The Media and Professionalism
Are the Media Industries Professions?
The Professional–Client Relationship
Ethics Codes
Profession versus Professionalism
Part II The Theories
Chapter 4 Introduction
Why Don’t We Just Act Ethically?
Why Can’t We All Be Right? The Dilemma of Relativism
Why We Reason the Way We Do
Social Contract Theory: The Debate Between the One and the Many
Chapter 5 The Argument over Means and Ends
Consequential Ethical Theories
Duty-Based Ethical Theories
Duty-Based Theory in Modern Practice
Chapter 6 Virtue and Caring
Virtue Ethics
The Ethic of Care
Chapter 7 Free Speech
History of Free Speech in the United States
John Milton and the Marketplace of Ideas
The Liberty Theory
Free Speech and the Individual versus Society
Liberty-Limiting Principles
Satire and Freedom of Expression: A Special Case
Satire in Summary
What Does It All Mean?
Chapter 8 A Checklist for Ethical Decision-Making
How to Choose Applicable Theories
Organizing Your Approach
The Checklist
An Example
What Does It All Mean?
Part III Issues and Applications
Chapter 9 Ethical Issues Across the Media
To Tell the Truth
Truth as a Legal Concept
Truth and the Act of Communication
Can We Tell Truth from Fiction?
The “Post-Truth” Society
Avoiding Harm
What Does It All Mean?
Chapter 10 Ethical Issues Common to Both Public Relations and Advertising
What’s the Difference between PR and Advertising?
Public Relations, Advertising, and the First Amendment
Ethics and Persuasion
Guidelines for Ethical Persuasion
Propaganda vs Persuasion
What Does It All Mean?
Chapter 11 Ethics and Public Relations
What Is Public Relations?
Ethical Approaches Specific to Public Relations
Special Issues in Public Relations Ethics
Public Relations Ethics and the “New” Media
What Does It All Mean?
Chapter 12 Ethics and Advertising
What Is Advertising?
Ethical Approaches Specific to Advertising
Special Issues in Advertising Ethics
Creating the Image: Between the Truth and the Lie
A Reflection or a Creator of Reality: Stereotyping
What Does It All Mean?
Chapter 13 Ethics in News Journalism
The Broad Issues in News Journalism
Ethical Approaches Specific to News Journalism
Special Issues in Journalism Ethics
Ethics and the “New” Media
What Does It All Mean?
Index