This book highlights plastic pollution, especially microplastics, and the consequences on the environment and on the human diet through food chain/web transmission and contamination through processing and packaging of various human food items including water and beverages. This book provides a detailed outlook on the microplastics, their origin, distribution, categories, presence in human food items and their impact on the ecosystem, organisms and so forth. It covers updated information on microplastic contamination in the biotic and abiotic products of the sea/ocean, the contamination of microplastics in drinking water/bottled water, honey, sugar and so forth.
Features
Discusses the presence of microplastics in matrices prone to human consumption.
Includes general information on microplastics, their origin, types, shapes, size and nomenclature.
Reviews microplastics in different types of human consumable items.
Illustrates fundamental methods and techniques used in microplastics research.
Explores overall impacts of microplastics in the organisms contaminated with the same.
This book is aimed at researchers, graduate students and faculty members interested in plastic pollution, microplastics, environmental science, food consumption and analysis.
Author(s): E. V. Ramasamy, Ajay Kumar Harit
Publisher: CRC Press
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 149
City: Boca Raton
Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
Foreword
Preface
Authors
Chapter 1 Plastics and Microplastics in the Environment
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Plastics
1.2.1 Major Types of Plastics
1.2.1.1 Thermoplastics
1.2.1.2 Thermosets
1.2.1.3 Plastic Pollution
1.3 Microplastics
1.3.1 Categories of Microplastics
1.3.1.1 Primary Microplastics
1.3.1.2 Secondary Microplastics
1.3.1.3 Microplastics Classification Based on Size and Shape
1.4 Source of Microplastics
1.4.1 Microplastics in Terrestrial Environment
1.4.2 Microplastics in Air Environment
1.4.3 Microplastics in Aquatic Environment
1.5 General Impacts of Microplastics in Water Bodies
References
Chapter 2 Microplastics in Human Food Items
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Microplastics in Seafood Items
2.2.1 Microplastics in Fishes
2.2.2 Microplastics in Bivalves
2.2.3 MPs in Crustaceans: Crabs, Prawns and Shrimps
2.3 Microplastics in Salt, Sugar and Honey
References
Chapter 3 Microplastics in Potable Water and Beverages
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Microplastics in Potable Water, Beer and White Wine
3.2.1 Potable Water
3.2.1.1 Microplastics in Groundwater
3.2.1.2 Microplastics in Bottled Water
3.2.2 Beer and White Wine
3.3 Microplastics in Soft Drinks, Cold Tea and Energy Drinks
3.3.1 Cold Tea
3.3.2 Soft Drinks
3.3.3 Energy Drinks
3.4 Potential Sources of Microplastics in Beverages
3.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4 Methods in Microplastics Extraction and Identification
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Microplastics Extraction
4.2.1 Initial Sieving of Sample
4.2.2 Digestion of Sample
4.2.2.1 Acid Digestion
4.2.2.2 Alkaline Digestion
4.2.2.3 Oxidative Agents
4.2.2.4 Enzymatic Digestion
4.2.2.5 Sequential Digestion
4.2.3 Density Separation
4.2.4 Filtration
4.3 Microscopic Techniques Used in Assessing the Morphotype, Color, Size and Abundance of MPs
4.3.1 Stereomicroscope, Optical and Dissection Microscope
4.3.2 Fluorescence Microscope
4.3.3 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX)
4.4 Polymer Profile Identification Techniques
4.4.1 FT IR/Micro-FT IR
4.4.2 Raman Spectroscopy/Micro-Raman Spectroscopy
4.4.3 Other Techniques
4.4.3.1 Thermal Analysis: Pyrolysis GC-MS Method
4.4.3.2 Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS)
4.4.4 Spectral Analysis for Polymer Identification
4.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5 Impact of Microplastics on Human Health
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Entry of Microplastics into the Human Body
5.3 Physiological and Functional Impacts on Human Health
5.3.1 Lung Damage
5.3.2 Skin Damage and Reproductive Effects
5.3.3 Toxic Chemicals and Additives Impact
5.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6 Emerging Trends in Microplastic Pollution Management: Legislation, Policies and Mitigation Strategy
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Legislation, Policies and Mitigation Strategy: A Global Scenario
6.2.1 Legislations and Policies: Global Scenario
6.2.2 Mitigation Strategy
Some useful points for mitigating MPs pollution
6.3 Conclusion
References
Index
