MICAI 2006: Advances in Artificial Intelligence: 5th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Apizaco, Mexico, November 13-17,

Front matter......Page 1
The Evolution of Artificial Intelligence......Page 26
AI Programming Languages......Page 27
Vision, Image Processing......Page 28
Games......Page 29
Neural Networks. Soft Computing......Page 30
Expert Systems, Diagnosis. Non-procedural Systems......Page 31
Knowledge Representation and Reasoning......Page 32
Language Translation......Page 35
Search......Page 36
Remarks and Conclusions......Page 37
References......Page 38
Introduction......Page 40
Notation and Terminology......Page 41
Separators as a Characterizer of Decomposable Graphs......Page 42
Markovian Subgraphs......Page 43
Markovian Supergraphs from Marginal Graphs......Page 46
Concluding Remarks......Page 49
Introduction......Page 52
State-of-the-Art in KR-Based Requirements Elicitation......Page 53
Pre-conceptual Schemas: CG-Like Framework for Knowledge Representation......Page 54
Automatically Obtaining UML Diagrams from UN-Lencep Specifications Using Pre-conceptual Schemas......Page 58
References......Page 61
Introduction......Page 63
A Knowledge Representation Scheme Based on Fuzzy Petri Nets......Page 64
Fuzzy Recognition......Page 67
Conclusion......Page 72
Introduction......Page 74
Knowledge Representation......Page 75
Basic Inference Scheme......Page 76
Extension of Inference Rules......Page 77
Extended Rules and Applications......Page 78
Judgment of Subsort Relation......Page 79
Generating SLp......Page 81
Conclusion......Page 82
Introduction......Page 84
Propositional Logic......Page 86
The Logic $\rm{G}_3$ and Answer Sets......Page 87
Syntax and Semantics for Preferences......Page 88
An Alternative Semantics for Preferences......Page 91
Properties......Page 93
Related Work and Conclusions......Page 94
Introduction......Page 95
Design Patterns and Frameworks......Page 96
Engagement and Reflection......Page 97
Framework Design......Page 98
E-R Structure......Page 99
Image Interpretation......Page 100
MEXICA......Page 102
Discussion......Page 103
Conclusions and Future Work......Page 104
Introduction......Page 106
Type-2 FLS......Page 107
Hot Strip Mill......Page 108
Fuzzy Rule Base......Page 109
Antecedent Membership Functions......Page 110
Consequent Membership Functions......Page 111
Results......Page 112
Conclusions......Page 113
References......Page 114
Introduction......Page 115
Possibility Theory......Page 116
Petri Nets......Page 117
Fuzzy Enabling Transition Date......Page 118
Modeling Example......Page 119
Marking Estimation......Page 121
State Estimation......Page 122
Discrete State from the FPN......Page 123
Conclusion......Page 124
Introduction......Page 126
Soft-Computing in Robotic Behavioral Control......Page 127
Implementation......Page 129
Experimental Evaluation......Page 130
Experimental Setup......Page 131
Experimental Results......Page 132
Discussion......Page 133
Conclusions and Future Work......Page 134
Introduction......Page 137
Background and Motivation......Page 138
Motivation......Page 139
Factors that Determine the Security Threshold Value......Page 140
Fuzzy Logic Design......Page 141
Node Re-association......Page 143
Simulation Result......Page 144
Conclusion and Future Works......Page 145
References......Page 146
Introduction......Page 147
Software Measurement......Page 148
Evaluation Criteria......Page 149
The Process for Allocating and Administering the Treatments......Page 150
Methods Used to Reduce Bias and Determines Sample Size......Page 151
Fuzzy Rules......Page 152
Model Adequacy Checking (Model Verification)......Page 153
Model Validation......Page 154
References......Page 156
Introduction......Page 159
Structural Reconfiguration Algorithm......Page 160
Plant Approach......Page 161
Control Approach......Page 163
Case Study......Page 164
Results......Page 167
References......Page 169
Introduction......Page 171
Rule Base Reduction Methods......Page 172
Complex Fuzzy Control Systems......Page 173
Sensory Fusion Method......Page 174
Genetic Optimization......Page 176
Simulation Results......Page 177
Conclusions......Page 179
References......Page 180
Introduction......Page 181
Uncertain Fuzzy Systems......Page 182
Fault Detection System......Page 183
Steam Generator Fault Detection System......Page 186
References......Page 189
Introduction......Page 190
Theoretical Background......Page 191
Traditional Models of Human Judgment......Page 192
Disjunctive Fuzzy Algebra Based on Multi-sets over a Qualitative Scale......Page 193
Knowledge Representation Model and the CAPNET Expert System Shell......Page 195
Applications in the Petroleum Industry......Page 197
Conclusions......Page 199
References......Page 200
Introduction......Page 201
The Fuzzy Associative ANN......Page 202
The Nearest Neighbor Rule......Page 203
The Connectionist Fuzzy CBR Model......Page 204
Experimental Results and Discussion......Page 205
Comparative Evaluation......Page 206
References......Page 209
Introduction......Page 211
BP Algorithm and Computation Trees......Page 212
Gibbs Measures and LBP Algorithm for Pair Potentials......Page 214
Comparison Between Marginal Probabilities and Beliefs......Page 215
Numerical Experiments......Page 219
Conclusion and Remarks......Page 220
Introduction......Page 222
BP Algorithm on Factor Graphs......Page 223
Computation Trees for BP Algorithm on Factor Graphs......Page 225
Comparison of Three Convergence Criteria......Page 228
Conclusion......Page 230
Introduction......Page 233
Learner Modelling Process and Belief Representation......Page 234
Direct Evidence of Different Strength......Page 235
Amount of Indirect Evidence......Page 237
Beliefs and Sequences of Evidence......Page 238
Discussion......Page 240
Conclusions......Page 241
Introduction......Page 243
Introduction to Bayesian Networks......Page 245
Application Domain: Gas Turbines......Page 246
Constructing the Virtual Sensor......Page 247
Discussion......Page 249
Conclusions and Future Work......Page 250
Introduction......Page 252
Factored MDPs......Page 254
Qualitative States......Page 255
Hybrid MDP Model Specification......Page 256
Learning Hybrid MDPs......Page 257
Experimental Results......Page 258
Conclusions and Future Work......Page 260
Introduction......Page 262
Naive Bayes and the Fuzzy Extension......Page 263
Gaussian Naive Bayes......Page 264
Empirical Scenarios......Page 265
Experimental Results......Page 268
Conclusions......Page 271
Introduction......Page 273
Recognizing and Modelling of Self-Efficacy......Page 274
The Computational Model of Self-Efficacy......Page 276
The Fuzzy Model of Self-Efficacy......Page 278
A Practical Example......Page 279
Empirical Evaluation......Page 281
References......Page 283
Introduction......Page 284
Dynamic Systems......Page 285
Problem Definition......Page 286
Qualitative Representation......Page 288
Parameter Changes......Page 289
Dynamics......Page 290
Simulation Algorithm......Page 292
Results......Page 293
Conclusions......Page 295
Introduction......Page 297
A New Decomposition Strategy in Incremental Evolution......Page 298
Proposed Decomposition Strategy......Page 299
Realization of Intrinsic Evolvable System......Page 301
EA and Fitness Function......Page 302
Synthesis Report......Page 303
Results......Page 304
Discussion......Page 305
Conclusion......Page 306
References......Page 307
Introduction......Page 308
Transforming the Problem into a Multiobjective Optimization Problem......Page 312
Evolutionary Nonlinear Equation System......Page 313
Experiments, Results, and Discussions......Page 314
Conclusions......Page 317
Introduction......Page 319
Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)......Page 320
Scatter Search......Page 321
Phase I: Particle Swarm Optimization......Page 322
Phase II: Scatter Search......Page 323
Results......Page 324
Conclusions and Future Work......Page 328
Introduction......Page 330
Interval Weights......Page 331
Interval Global Optimization Algorithm......Page 332
Training an IFNN......Page 333
Function Approximation Application......Page 334
Parameter Initialization Via IA......Page 335
Interval Gradient Algorithm......Page 337
Statistical Tests and Comparisons......Page 338
Conclusions......Page 339
References......Page 340
Introduction......Page 341
Bias-Variance Decomposition in Neural Network......Page 342
Bias-Variance-Covariance Decomposition in the Ensemble......Page 343
Subnet Weight Modification Algorithm for Ensemble......Page 344
Developed Stage: Normalization Case......Page 345
Whole Procedure......Page 346
Regression Problems......Page 347
Results......Page 348
References......Page 350
Introduction......Page 352
Wavelet Neural Network......Page 353
Identification Method for Nonlinear Systems......Page 354
Convergence Analysis of the EKF Based Training Algorithm......Page 355
Simple Numeric Function(SNF)......Page 360
Conclusions......Page 361
Introduction......Page 363
The Neural-Network-Based Metalearning Process......Page 364
Research Data and Experiment Design......Page 369
Experiment Results......Page 370
Conclusions......Page 371
References......Page 372
Introduction......Page 373
General Regression Neural Network (GRNN)......Page 374
Genetic Algorithms......Page 375
Iris Data Benchmark......Page 376
Thyroid Data Benchmark......Page 377
Escherichia Coli Data Benchmark......Page 378
References......Page 380
Introduction......Page 382
Alpha-Beta Associative Memories......Page 383
Alpha-Beta Bidirectional Associative Memories......Page 384
Space Complexity......Page 387
Time Complexity......Page 388
References......Page 390
Introduction......Page 392
Building and Testing the Associative Memory......Page 393
Dynamical Associate Memory......Page 394
Numerical Results......Page 397
Experiments with Real Patterns......Page 399
Conclusions and Ongoing Research......Page 400
References......Page 401
Introduction......Page 406
Problem Description......Page 407
Ant Colony Optimization for Set Partitioning Problems......Page 409
ACO with Constraint Programming......Page 413
Experiments and Results......Page 414
Conclusions and Future Directions......Page 415
Introduction......Page 417
The $\Phi$ Evaluation Function......Page 419
A Calculation Example of the $\Phi$ Evaluation Function......Page 420
Steepest Descent Algorithm......Page 421
Computational Experiments......Page 422
Memetic Algorithm......Page 424
Using $\Phi$ Within a More Sophisticated MA......Page 425
Conclusions......Page 426
Introduction......Page 429
Iterated Local Search (ILS)......Page 430
Quadratic Assignment Problem......Page 431
Global Convexity......Page 432
Cost-Distance Correlation......Page 433
Perturbation vs. Local Optimum Structures......Page 434
Conclusions......Page 438
Introduction......Page 440
Fuzzy Goal Programming......Page 442
The Proposed Model......Page 443
Computational Experiment......Page 446
References......Page 449
Introduction......Page 451
Problem Definition......Page 452
Single Multicast Tree Generation......Page 454
Proposed Evolutionary Computation Algorithms......Page 455
Proposed Simple Genetic Algorithm......Page 456
Proposed Coevolutionary Algorithm......Page 457
Evaluation of Performance......Page 459
Conclusions......Page 461
References......Page 462
Introduction......Page 464
Problem Formulation......Page 466
The Types of the Intersection Lines......Page 468
A Linear Programming Formulation of the Problem......Page 469
The Number of Robot Routes: The Euler Formula......Page 470
Singular Points and Their Properties......Page 471
Algorithm: Description and Complexity......Page 472
References......Page 473
Introduction......Page 475
The Disjunctive Graph Model of the JSSP......Page 476
The $N_1$ Neighborhood Function......Page 477
Critical Path Approximation Algorithm......Page 478
Computational Results......Page 481
Conclusion......Page 484
References......Page 485
Introduction......Page 486
Definition of the Quay Crane Scheduling Problem......Page 488
Applying the Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure......Page 490
Solution Construction Phase (Phase 1)......Page 491
A Numerical Experiment......Page 493
Conclusion......Page 495
References......Page 496
Introduction......Page 497
Problem Formulation......Page 498
Genetic Algorithm for the SDJSS Problem......Page 499
Decoding Algorithm......Page 501
Local Search......Page 502
Feasibility Checking......Page 503
Makespan Estimation......Page 504
Experimental Study......Page 505
Conclusions......Page 506
Introduction......Page 508
Wafer Lot Output Time Prediction with a FBPN......Page 510
Achievability Evaluation with Fuzzy Inference Rules......Page 512
A Demonstrative Example from a Simulated Wafer Fab......Page 514
References......Page 517
Introduction......Page 519
The Bayesian Information Criterion and the Minimum Description Length Principle......Page 520
Learning Bayesian Network Structures from Data......Page 521
Experimental Methodology and Results......Page 523
Discussion of the Results......Page 526
References......Page 528
Introduction......Page 530
Construction of GM (1, 1) Model......Page 531
Division of States......Page 532
Grey-Markov Forecasting Value......Page 533
Partition of States......Page 534
Calculation of State Transition......Page 535
Conclusions......Page 536
References......Page 537
Introduction......Page 538
Wavelet and Lipschitz Exponent......Page 539
Method for Extraction of Lipschitz Exponent Function......Page 541
Design of HMM Based Classification System......Page 542
Case Study......Page 544
References......Page 545
Introduction......Page 547
Related Work......Page 548
Proposed Feature Selection Method......Page 549
Experiments......Page 550
Experimental Results with Synthetic Databases......Page 551
Experimental Results with Real Databases......Page 553
Conclusions and Future Work......Page 555
References......Page 556
Introduction......Page 557
Feature Selection Problem......Page 558
Random Forest......Page 559
The Proposed Algorithm......Page 560
Colon Cancer......Page 562
Leukemia Cancer......Page 564
Conclusions......Page 565
References......Page 566
Introduction......Page 568
Related Work......Page 569
Preliminaries......Page 570
Z-Ordering Based FDR......Page 571
Chromosome Representation......Page 574
Main Operators......Page 575
Experiments and Evaluation......Page 576
Conclusion......Page 577
Introduction......Page 579
Principles......Page 580
Algorithm......Page 582
Experimental Results......Page 583
References......Page 585
Introduction......Page 587
Motivation......Page 588
Objectives......Page 589
Our Fuzzy Pairwise Classification Approach......Page 590
Methodology......Page 592
Results......Page 593
Conclusions......Page 594
Introduction......Page 597
Support Vector Machine for Classification and Fuzzy Clustering......Page 598
Classification of Clusters Center Using SVM......Page 601
De-clustering: $Getting a Data Subset$......Page 603
Experimental Results......Page 604
Conclusion......Page 606
Introduction......Page 608
The Weighted Kernel Function......Page 610
The Learning Method......Page 611
Colon Tumor Cancer......Page 612
Leukemia Cancer......Page 613
Lung Cancer......Page 614
References......Page 616
Introduction......Page 618
Minimum Message Length (MML)......Page 620
An Efficient Algorithm to Generate a Larger Number of MML Oblique Trees......Page 621
Weighted Averaging of Trees......Page 622
Comparing and Scoring Probabilistic Predictions......Page 624
Comparisons with Other Ensemble Algorithms......Page 625
Conclusions......Page 626
Introduction......Page 629
Related Works......Page 630
The Proposed Method......Page 631
Experiment......Page 632
Conclusions......Page 634
References......Page 635
Introduction......Page 637
Chemometrics......Page 639
Clustering of PCA......Page 641
Determination of Optimal Wavebands by PLS......Page 642
Conclusion......Page 644
References......Page 646
Introduction......Page 647
Overview of Methods of Masquerader Detection......Page 648
Customized Grammars......Page 649
The Proposed Method......Page 650
Synthesis of Masquerade Sessions......Page 652
Experiments and Results......Page 653
Conclusions......Page 655
Introduction......Page 657
Random Forest......Page 658
Proposed Approach......Page 659
Experimental Results and Analysis......Page 660
References......Page 664
Introduction......Page 666
Seeded-Kmeans and Constrained-Kmeans......Page 667
Use Tri-training Process to Enlarge Seeds Set......Page 668
Combine Depuration Technique to Refine Enlarged Seeds Set......Page 669
Tri-Training and Data Editing based Semi-supervised Kmeans Algorithm......Page 670
Datasets and Methodology......Page 671
Results with Sufficient Training Iterations for Each BPNN......Page 672
Results with Insufficient Training Iterations for each BPNN......Page 674
Conclusion......Page 675
References......Page 676
Introduction......Page 677
Search and Scoring Algorithms......Page 679
MDL Score Metric......Page 680
Search and Scoring Mechanism Proposal......Page 681
Concurrent Searching Mechanism and Distributed Score......Page 682
$Threads and Sockets in Lisp$......Page 683
Testing and Results......Page 684
Conclusions and Future Work......Page 685
Introduction......Page 688
Knowledge Discovery from Simulation......Page 689
Rough Sets Theory......Page 690
Fuzzy-Rough Sets Theory......Page 691
Collaborative Design Optimization......Page 692
Example......Page 695
References......Page 697
Introduction......Page 699
Faults, Alarms, Events and Clusters......Page 700
Alarm Correlation with ABR......Page 703
Event Correlation......Page 704
Experimentation Results......Page 705
Conclusion......Page 707
Introduction......Page 709
Related Work......Page 710
Data and Patterns Model......Page 711
The MineSP Operator......Page 713
Execution Profiles......Page 714
Algorithm Selection......Page 716
Conclusions and Future Work......Page 717
Introduction......Page 720
Data Visualization......Page 721
Visual Analysis of Traffic Volume Data......Page 722
Bi-directional Bar Chart......Page 723
Rose Diagram......Page 724
Data Image......Page 725
Conclusion......Page 727
References......Page 728
Introduction......Page 729
Circles Detection with Hough Transform......Page 730
The Hough Space......Page 731
Background Subtraction......Page 732
Hough Space Generation......Page 733
Circles Determination from the Hough Space......Page 734
Object Recognition......Page 735
Experiments and Results......Page 737
Conclusion and Future Work......Page 738
Introduction......Page 740
Related Work......Page 741
Data Acquisition and Registration......Page 742
Acquiring Partial Range Data......Page 743
Acquiring the Cylindrical Panorama Mosaic......Page 744
Camera-Laser Data Registration: Panorama with Depth......Page 745
The MRF Model......Page 747
MAP-MRF Using Belief Propagation (BP)......Page 748
Conclusions......Page 750
Introduction......Page 751
Feature Extraction Based on AAM......Page 752
Active Appearance Models (AAM)......Page 753
Feature Vector Extraction......Page 754
Expression Classification with SVM......Page 755
Experimental Results......Page 756
References......Page 757
Introduction......Page 759
Introduction......Page 760
PCNA for Face Recognition......Page 763
Experiments and Results......Page 764
References......Page 768
Introduction......Page 770
Configuration of Advanced Soft Remote Control System......Page 772
Detection/Tracking of Face and Commanding Hand......Page 774
Recognition of Hand Pointing Gestures......Page 776
Recognition of Hand Command Gestures (Hand Motions)......Page 777
Experimental Results......Page 778
References......Page 779
Introduction......Page 781
Dynamic Model......Page 782
Fuzzy Model of the Unknown Acceleration Input......Page 783
Design of IMM Algorithm with Fuzzy Gain......Page 784
Identification of Fuzzy Model Using the GA......Page 786
Simulation Results......Page 787
Conclusion......Page 790
Introduction......Page 792
Intrinsic Evolution on FPGA......Page 793
Implementing Evolvable System on RC1000 PCI Board......Page 794
Reconfigurable Unit......Page 795
Evolutionary Algorithm Unit......Page 797
Time of Evolution......Page 798
Hardware Evolution Results......Page 799
References......Page 801
Introduction......Page 803
Feature Extraction......Page 804
Probabilistic Rules for Feature Selection......Page 805
Hybrid Segmentation Algorithm......Page 806
Parameters Training with an Evolutive Numerical Gradient Descent......Page 807
Experiments......Page 809
References......Page 812
Introduction......Page 814
Related Work......Page 815
The Segmentation Method......Page 816
The Color Image Segmentation......Page 818
Color Segmentation Results......Page 819
3D Segmentation Results......Page 820
Comparing Our Method with Related Work......Page 821
Conclusion and Future Work......Page 823
Introduction......Page 825
Feature Extraction Methods by Wavelet Transform......Page 826
Artificial Neural Networks......Page 827
Incremental Self-Organizing Map......Page 828
Node Coloring......Page 829
Computer Simulations......Page 830
Conclusions......Page 832
References......Page 833
Introduction......Page 835
Iris Localization......Page 836
Strip Processing......Page 837
Iris Sampling......Page 838
Comparison and Matching......Page 840
Experimental Results......Page 841
Conclusions......Page 843
Introduction......Page 845
State of the Art......Page 846
Wavelets Coefficients from the Histograms of a Set of Sub-images of the Original Color Image......Page 847
Neural Network Training......Page 849
Experimental Results......Page 850
References......Page 851
Introduction......Page 853
Background and Related Works......Page 854
The Limitation of Existing Shape Similarity Measurement Methods......Page 857
Adaptive-TSR......Page 858
Experimental Results and Evaluation......Page 859
References......Page 861
Introduction......Page 863
Relevant Rank Distributions......Page 864
Preposition Distribution for VN Collocations......Page 865
Preposition Distribution for NN Collocations......Page 866
Comparison with Internet Statistics......Page 867
References......Page 868
Introduction......Page 869
Hidden Markov Models for Part-of-Speech Tagging......Page 870
Target-Language-Driven Training Overview......Page 871
Pruning Method......Page 872
Experiments......Page 873
Results......Page 874
Discussion......Page 877
Future Work......Page 878
Introduction......Page 880
Tools......Page 881
Motivation for Factors -> Predictors......Page 882
Optimal Ensembling Method Embedded in a WSD Algorithm......Page 883
Test Setting......Page 885
Strong Regions of Classifiers......Page 886
Results......Page 888
Conclusions and Future......Page 889
References......Page 891
Introduction......Page 893
Corpora for Turkish WSD......Page 895
Sense Classification......Page 896
Machine Learning Algorithms......Page 898
Feature Selection......Page 899
Results......Page 900
References......Page 902
Introduction......Page 904
Related Work......Page 905
The Cast3LB Corpus......Page 906
Features......Page 907
Description of the Experiments......Page 908
Evaluation and Results......Page 909
Conclusions and Future Work......Page 911
Introduction and Motivation......Page 914
Feature Representation......Page 915
Stacking......Page 917
Experiment 1: Single Classifier......Page 918
Experiment 2: Stacking......Page 920
Experiment 3: Majority Voting......Page 921
Comparative Study......Page 922
Conclusions and Future Work......Page 923
Introduction......Page 925
Semantic Space from Corpus......Page 926
Semantic Space from WordNet Domains......Page 927
Application of the Cosine Measure......Page 928
Relevant Domains......Page 929
The $RTE2$ Data......Page 930
LSI......Page 931
Combination of MLEnt with LSI and the Cosine Measure......Page 932
Conclusions......Page 934
Introduction......Page 936
Motivation and Previous Work......Page 937
Grammatical Overview of Temporal Clauses......Page 939
Creating an Annotated Corpus......Page 940
Feature Description......Page 941
Experiments......Page 943
Conclusion......Page 945
Introduction......Page 947
Characteristics of the NLIDB......Page 948
The ATIS Database Used for Evaluation......Page 950
Problems and Solutions......Page 951
Second Experiment......Page 954
Conclusions......Page 955
Introduction......Page 957
Interlinguas......Page 958
Universal Words......Page 959
Relations......Page 960
Attributes......Page 961
Knowledge Representation with UNL......Page 962
UNL for Knowledge Inference......Page 963
An Example of Deduction for Question Answering Systems......Page 965
References......Page 966
Introduction......Page 968
Fuzzy Rules and Decision......Page 969
Fuzzy Logic Based Mathematical Model......Page 972
Procedure of Soft Computing Algorithm for F-WM......Page 973
Numerical Results......Page 974
Analysis and Conclusions......Page 975
References......Page 976
Introduction......Page 977
The Spectral Entropy Based Audio Fingerprint......Page 978
DTW......Page 980
String Distances......Page 981
Experiments......Page 982
Using the Levenshtein Distance......Page 983
The Test Set......Page 984
Results......Page 985
Conclusions......Page 986
Introduction......Page 988
Our Methods......Page 989
Deriving Link-Context from HTML Tag Tree......Page 990
Extracting Features from In-Link’s Link-Context......Page 991
Estimation Metrics of Relevance......Page 992
Adaptive Crawling Procedure......Page 993
The Experiments and Results......Page 994
References......Page 997
Introduction......Page 999
Recommender Systems......Page 1000
Interactive Evolutionary Computing......Page 1001
Model Description......Page 1002
Applications......Page 1004
Model Implementations......Page 1005
Convergence Test......Page 1007
References......Page 1008
Introduction......Page 1010
Automatic Acquisition of Syntactic Categories......Page 1012
The Answer Extractor System......Page 1014
Answer Extraction by Acquiring Syntactic Patterns......Page 1015
Experiments and Results......Page 1017
Conclusions......Page 1019
Introduction......Page 1021
Motivation......Page 1022
Question Taxonomy Processing......Page 1023
NLP Resources......Page 1024
Manual Pattern Generation......Page 1025
Supervised Automatic Pattern Generation......Page 1026
Question Classification......Page 1027
Evaluation......Page 1028
Conclusions and Future Works......Page 1030
Introduction......Page 1032
Classical Vector Space Model......Page 1033
Global Extendable DataBase......Page 1034
Class Space Model......Page 1035
Fast Algorithm for Text Categorization......Page 1036
Experiments for Establishing Class Space Model......Page 1037
Efficiency Compared with an Improved kNN Algorithm......Page 1039
Conclusions and Future Works......Page 1040
References......Page 1041
Introduction......Page 1042
The Proposed Architecture for Chinese Text Categorization......Page 1043
A Realized Instance of the Prototype System and Experiments......Page 1045
Reliability Evaluation Based on Naive Bayesian Classifier......Page 1046
Experiments Based on Naive Bayesian Classifier......Page 1047
The Experiments to Validate the Assumption......Page 1049
Conclusions......Page 1050
References......Page 1051
Introduction......Page 1052
Keywords Extraction and Data Preparation......Page 1053
Bayesian Network......Page 1055
Classification and Dependencies of Nodes in Bayesian Network......Page 1056
Case-Based Evaluation......Page 1058
Predictive Evaluation......Page 1059
Conclusion and Future Work......Page 1060
References......Page 1061
Introduction......Page 1062
Ontology Building Methodology......Page 1063
Word Dictionary......Page 1064
Ontology Phrase Dictionary......Page 1066
An Application of Automated Text Processing of Drilling Problems......Page 1067
Results and Conclusion......Page 1069
Conclusion......Page 1070
References......Page 1071
Introduction......Page 1072
Keyword Extraction......Page 1073
Domain Ontology Construction......Page 1074
Mapping Module......Page 1076
Domain Concept Definition Module......Page 1077
Ontology Extension Module......Page 1078
Experimental Results and Evaluation......Page 1079
References......Page 1080
Introduction......Page 1082
Training Speech Model Using Data Segments......Page 1084
Model for Continuous Speech Recognition......Page 1088
Experiments and Results......Page 1089
References......Page 1090
Introduction......Page 1092
Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) [12]......Page 1093
The Proposed Hybrid PCA/LDA Feature......Page 1094
Experimental Evaluation of the Proposed System......Page 1095
References......Page 1098
Introduction......Page 1100
State of the Art......Page 1101
Acoustic Processing......Page 1102
Speaker Pattern Classification......Page 1103
Scaled Conjugate Gradient Back-Propagation......Page 1104
Hybrid System......Page 1105
System Implementation......Page 1106
Experimental Results......Page 1107
Conclusions and Future Work......Page 1108
Introduction......Page 1110
Speech Segmentation and HMM......Page 1112
Feature Generation......Page 1113
Principal Components Analisys......Page 1114
Support Vector Machine......Page 1115
Experimental Methodology and Results......Page 1116
Conclusion......Page 1118
Introduction......Page 1120
A Logic $RATPK$......Page 1121
Semantics of $RATPK$......Page 1122
Model Checking for $RATPK$......Page 1124
A Case Study......Page 1127
Conclusions......Page 1128
Introduction......Page 1130
The Modelling of Social Exchanges......Page 1131
The Social Exchange Regulation Mechanism......Page 1132
Social Exchanges Between Personality-Based Agents......Page 1133
Reasoning About Exchanges......Page 1135
Simulation of Tasks 1 and 2......Page 1136
Simulation of Task 3......Page 1138
Conclusion......Page 1139
Introduction......Page 1141
Organizations......Page 1142
A Proposal for EI-Enabled Organizations......Page 1143
The Agentified $CIS$......Page 1145
The Workflow Engine......Page 1146
From WF-Engine to O-Engine......Page 1148
Final Remarks......Page 1150
The Prey Predator Problem......Page 1153
A Multi-level Net Formalism......Page 1154
General Strategy......Page 1156
Model of the Predator......Page 1157
Model of the Prey......Page 1158
Model Simulation......Page 1160
Conclusions......Page 1162
References......Page 1163
Introduction......Page 1164
Introduction to the Model Framework......Page 1165
Formalizing the Model Framework......Page 1168
Runtime Monitoring and Fault Localization......Page 1169
Case Studies and Discussion......Page 1171
Related Research and Conclusion......Page 1173
Introduction......Page 1175
RRT Planning......Page 1176
The SRT Method......Page 1177
Exploration with SRT-Radial......Page 1178
Experimental Results......Page 1179
Conclusions and Future Work......Page 1183
Introduction......Page 1185
Predominance in Robot Behavior......Page 1186
The Development of Behavioral Modules......Page 1188
Central Action Selection and Genetic Algorithms......Page 1190
Experiments and Results......Page 1192
Conclusions......Page 1194
References......Page 1195
Introduction......Page 1196
Handling Actuators......Page 1198
Handling Sensors......Page 1199
Communication Requirements......Page 1200
Implementing a Mushroom Shaped Robot......Page 1201
Conclusions......Page 1202
References......Page 1203
Introduction......Page 1204
The Proposed Protein Structure Alignment Algorithm......Page 1205
3D Chain Code......Page 1206
Finding Similar Substructure Pair Set......Page 1207
Merging Similar Substructure Pairs......Page 1208
Joining Similar Substructure Pairs......Page 1209
Implementation and Results......Page 1210
References......Page 1213
Introduction......Page 1215
Muscular Fatigue Effect in EMG Pattern Recognition......Page 1216
Adaptation Method to Muscular Fatigue Effect......Page 1217
Robust EMG Pattern Recognizer......Page 1219
Experimental Configuration......Page 1220
Experimental Results......Page 1221
References......Page 1223
Introduction......Page 1225
Methodology......Page 1226
Detection of Potential Microcalcification (Signals)......Page 1227
Classification of Signals into Real Microcalcifications......Page 1229
Classification of Microcalcification Clusters into Benign and Malignant......Page 1230
Classification of Signals into Microcalcifications......Page 1231
Microcalcification Clusters Detection and Classification......Page 1233
Conclusions......Page 1234
Introduction......Page 1236
The Self Organizing Map......Page 1237
Variance Processing......Page 1238
Cavity Detection in Individual Images......Page 1239
Cavity Detection in Sequences of Images......Page 1240
Conclusion......Page 1242
Introduction......Page 1245
Micromechanical Inertial Instrument......Page 1246
Spectral Analysis Utilizing the FFT......Page 1248
Experimental Results......Page 1249
Conclusion......Page 1251
References......Page 1252
Back matter......Page 1254