Maternal Mortality - Lessons Learnt from Autopsy

Preface
Contents
About the Editor
Part I: Direct Maternal Deaths
1: Catastrophic Abruptio Placentae: An Autopsy Case Series
1.1 Case Series
1.1.1 Case 1
1.1.2 Case 2
1.1.3 Case 3
1.2 Gross
1.2.1 Case 1
1.2.2 Case 2
1.2.3 Case 3
1.2.4 Final Cause of Death
1.3 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
2: Liver Infarct in Pregnancy: A Complex, Rare and Dreadful Affair
2.1 Clinical History
2.2 Autopsy Findings
2.3 Final Cause of Death
2.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
3: Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: An Avertable Catastrophe
3.1 Clinical History
3.2 Autopsy Findings
3.3 Final Cause of Death
3.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
4: Fatty Liver: More Likely To Be Fatal in Pregnancy!
4.1 Clinical History
4.2 Autopsy Findings
4.3 Final Cause of Death
4.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
5: Eclampsia: A Risk Factor for Intracranial Hemorrhage
5.1 Clinical History
5.2 Autopsy Findings
5.3 Final Cause of Death
5.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
6: Cervical Trauma: Clinical Conundrum and Correlation
6.1 Case A
6.1.1 Clinical History
6.1.2 Autopsy Findings
6.1.3 Final Cause of Death
6.2 Case B
6.2.1 Clinical History
6.2.2 Autopsy Findings
6.2.3 Final Cause of Death
6.3 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
7: Amniotic Fluid Embolism Syndrome: A Rare, Unpredictable, and Catastrophic Complication of Pregnancy
7.1 Clinical History
7.2 Autopsy Findings
7.3 Final Cause of Death
7.4 Clinicopathologic Correlation
References
8: Systemic Thromboembolism and Giant Gastric Mucormycotic Ulcer
8.1 Clinical History
8.2 Autopsy Findings
8.3 Final Cause of Death
8.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
9: Puerperal Sepsis: A Preventable Cause of Maternal Death
9.1 Clinical History
9.2 Investigations
9.3 Autopsy Findings
9.4 Final Cause of Death
9.5 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
10: Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: Failed Cardiac Physiology
10.1 Clinical History
10.2 Autopsy Findings
10.3 Final Cause of Death
10.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
11: HELLP Syndrome: The Snowball Effect
11.1 Clinical History
11.2 Autopsy Findings
11.3 Final Cause of Death
11.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
12: Uterine Anomalies: Less Common but Lethal if Not Detected!
12.1 Clinical History
12.2 Autopsy Findings
12.3 Final Cause of Death
12.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
13: Retained Products of Conception and Dilatation and Curettage: A Cause for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
13.1 Clinical History
13.2 Autopsy Findings
13.3 Final Cause of Death
13.4 Clinicopathologic Correlation
References
Part II: Indirect Maternal Deaths
14: Pulmonary Bone Marrow Embolism: The Uncommon but Fatal Complication of Sickle Cell Disease
14.1 Clinical History
14.2 Investigations
14.3 Autopsy Findings
14.4 Final Cause of Death
14.5 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
15: Neurocysticercosis, Pregnancy, and Albendazole: The Unholy Trio
15.1 Clinical History
15.2 Autopsy Findings
15.3 Final Cause of Death
15.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
16: Lupus Nephritis and Pregnancy: Concern for Both Mother and Fetus
16.1 Clinical History
16.2 Autopsy Findings
16.3 Final Cause of Death
16.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
17: Disseminated Microthrombi in Pregnancy: Not Always DIC, Think of TTP
17.1 Clinical History
17.2 Investigations
17.3 Autopsy Findings
17.4 Final Cause of Death
17.5 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
18: HEV-Associated Hepatic Necrosis and Hepatic Encephalopathy in Pregnancy: Should Hepatitis E Virus Surveillance Be Made Mandatory in Pregnancy?
18.1 Clinical History
18.2 Autopsy Findings
18.3 Final Cause of Death
18.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
19: H1N1 Influenza in Pregnancy: Yet Another Dreaded Flu
19.1 Clinical History
19.2 Autopsy Findings
19.3 Final Cause of Death
19.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
20: “Über Diffuse” Myocarditis: Still a Giant Mystery!
20.1 Clinical History
20.2 Autopsy Findings
20.3 Final Cause of Death
20.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
21: Liver: A Fatal Target of Sepsis-Related Organ Dysfunction
21.1 Clinical History
21.2 Investigations
21.3 Autopsy Findings
21.4 Final Cause of Death
21.5 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
22: Complicated Malaria in Pregnancy
22.1 Clinical History
22.2 Autopsy Findings
22.3 Final Cause of Death
22.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
23: Adrenal Hemorrhage: A Dark Horse in Maternal Mortality
23.1 Clinical History
23.2 Autopsy Findings
23.3 Final Cause of Death
23.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
24: Disseminated Miliary Tuberculosis: A Classic Case of Fatality!
24.1 Clinical History
24.2 Autopsy Findings
24.3 Final Cause of Death
24.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
25: Disseminated Miliary TB with Missing Millet Tubercles on Gross: Suspect Severe Immunocompromised State
25.1 Clinical History
25.1.1 Radiological Investigations
25.2 Autopsy Findings
25.2.1 Microscopy Findings
25.3 Final Cause of Death
25.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
26: Mystic Hepatopathy in a Sickle Hemoglobinopathy
26.1 Clinical History
26.2 Autopsy Findings
26.3 Final Cause of Death
26.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
27: Acute Hemorrhagic Pancreatitis and Sepsis: A Cause for Maternal Death
27.1 Clinical History
27.2 Autopsy Findings
27.3 Final Cause of Death
27.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
28: Maternal Death Due to Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
28.1 Clinical History
28.2 Autopsy Findings
28.3 Final Cause of Death
28.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
29: Normal Physiologic Changes of Gravid Uterus
29.1 Case 1
29.1.1 Autopsy Findings
29.1.2 Microscopy
29.1.3 Final Cause of Death
29.2 Case 2
29.2.1 Autopsy Findings
29.2.2 Microscopy
29.2.3 Final Cause of Death
29.3 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
30: Lobar Pneumonia: A Fatal Non-obstetric Infection!
30.1 Clinical History
30.2 Autopsy Findings
30.3 Final Cause of Death
30.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
31: Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation
31.1 Clinical History
31.2 Autopsy Findings
31.3 Final Cause of Death
31.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
32: Herpes Simplex Pneumonitis
32.1 Clinical History
32.2 Autopsy Findings
32.3 Final Cause of Death
32.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
33: Renal Cortical Necrosis in Pregnancy: Still a Sad Reality in Developing Countries
33.1 Clinical History
33.2 Autopsy Findings
33.2.1 Gross Examination
33.2.2 Microscopy
33.3 Final Cause of Death
33.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
33.5 Conclusion
References
34: Severe Anemia and Pregnancy
34.1 Clinical History
34.2 Autopsy Findings
34.3 Final Cause of Death
34.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
35: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy as an Incidental Finding
35.1 Clinical History
35.2 Autopsy Findings
35.3 Final Cause of Death
35.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
36: Gastrointestinal Candidiasis: An Unusual Accompaniment
36.1 Clinical History
36.2 Autopsy Findings
36.3 Final Cause of Death
36.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
37: Plugging of Visceral Blood Vessels by Atypical Cells: Clue to Leukemia!
37.1 Clinical History
37.2 Autopsy Findings
37.3 Final Cause of Death
37.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
38: Chronic Kidney Disease Masquerading as Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
38.1 Clinical History
38.2 Autopsy Findings
38.3 Final Cause of Death
38.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
39: Pulmonary Edema and Aspiration Pneumonia: Cause for Maternal Death
39.1 Clinical History
39.2 Autopsy Findings
39.3 Final Cause of Death
39.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
40: Postpartum Febrile Illness: Recurrent Acute Rheumatic Fever
40.1 Clinical History
40.2 Autopsy Findings
40.3 Final Cause of Death
40.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
41: Common Atrioventricular Canal: A Fatality Due to a Commonality
41.1 Clinical History
41.2 Autopsy Findings
41.3 Final Cause of Death
41.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
42: Choked Prosthetic Mitral Valve
42.1 Clinical History
42.2 Autopsy Findings
42.3 Final Cause of Death
42.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
43: Interstitial Lung Disease: Scarred, Stiff Lungs with Honeycombing
43.1 Clinical History
43.2 Autopsy Findings
43.3 Final Cause of Death
43.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
44: Diffuse Alveolar Damage in COVID-19 Infection
44.1 Clinical History
44.2 Autopsy Findings
44.3 Final Cause of Death
44.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
45: Takayasu Arteritis: Third Trimester Tragedy
45.1 Clinical History
45.2 Autopsy Findings
45.3 Final Cause of Death
45.4 Clinicopathologic Discussion
References
Abbreviations