A unique system focus that presents specific solutions for specific appliancesThis publication presents state-of-the-art power management techniques for modern electronic appliances that rely on such very large-scale integration (VLSI) chips as CPUs and DSPs. The author thoroughly covers all aspects of the field, including semiconductor manufacturing processes, packages, circuits, functions, and systems. A unique and significant contribution to the field, the publication adopts a "system focus" by first presenting the appliance and then delving into the power management architecture and topologies that best serve each appliance.In addition to specific techniques and applications, the publication discusses fundamental physical and socioeconomic issues. For example, the author examines Moore's law and its effect on power management and heat dissipation, which points to a future breakthrough needed to continue the fast pace of advancement in the high-tech industry.The author provides a solid technical foundation and an analysis of popular electronic appliances, including:* Overview of the semiconductor industry* Plain-English discussion of semiconductor processes and packages* Step-by-step guide to analog design building from the transistor to higher-level functions, leading to the implementation of a complete voltage regulator* Popular DC-DC voltage regulation architectures* AC-DC architectures for power conversion* Ultra-portable devices, such as cellular phones, PDAs, and digital still cameras* Desktop and notebook PCsThe publication concludes with a chapter on special power management topics and an expert forecast of future directions for the field. This is essential reading for researchers, engineers, and designers in the semiconductor and integrated circuits industries. With its extensive use of cross-section drawings as well as transistor circuit schematics, this is also a recommended textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in computer science and electrical engineering.
Author(s): Nazzareno Rossetti
Edition: 1
Year: 2005
Language: English
Pages: 383
MANAGING POWER ELECTRONICS: VLSI and DSP-Driven Computer Systems......Page 6
Contents......Page 10
Foreword......Page 18
Preface......Page 20
1.1 Technology Landscape......Page 24
1.2 A Young Industry after All......Page 27
2.1 Introduction......Page 32
Diodes and Bipolar Transistors......Page 33
Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) Transistors......Page 38
DMOS Transistors......Page 39
Passive Components......Page 40
Packaging......Page 41
From Wall to Board......Page 43
Power MOSFET Technology Basics......Page 44
Package Technologies......Page 46
2.4 Ongoing Trends......Page 47
3 Circuits......Page 48
NPN......Page 49
Trans-Conductance......Page 50
Transistor as Transfer-Resistor......Page 51
Transistor Equations......Page 52
MOS versus Bipolar Transistors......Page 53
Current Source......Page 55
Differential Input Stage......Page 56
Differential to Single Input Stage......Page 57
3.3 Operational Amplifier (Opamp)......Page 58
Inverting and Non-Inverting Inputs......Page 59
CMOS Opamp......Page 60
DC Open Loop Gain......Page 61
AC Open Loop Gain......Page 62
Negative TC of VBE......Page 64
Build a DVBE......Page 65
Building a Voltage Reference......Page 66
Fractional Band-Gap Voltage Reference......Page 67
3.5 Voltage Regulator......Page 69
3.6 Linear versus Switching......Page 71
3.8 Buck Converters......Page 72
Switching Regulator Power Train......Page 73
Electrolytic Capacitors and Transient Response......Page 75
Ceramic Capacitors......Page 76
Losses in the Power Train......Page 78
The Analog Modulator......Page 79
Driver......Page 80
Switching Regulator Control Loop......Page 81
Input Inductor LIN......Page 84
Input Capacitor......Page 85
Current Mode......Page 86
3.9 Flyback Converters......Page 87
Part II Digital Circuits......Page 89
NAND Gate......Page 90
Current Mode with Anti-Bouncing Flip-Flop......Page 91
4.1 Valley Control Architecture......Page 94
Peak and Valley Control Architectures......Page 95
Transient Response of Each System......Page 98
Valley Control with FAN5093......Page 99
A New Design Methodology for Faster Time to Market......Page 102
The Design Cycle......Page 103
The FAN5301......Page 104
Light Load Operation......Page 105
Comparator......Page 106
Results......Page 107
Timing......Page 109
Introduction......Page 110
Application......Page 111
Test Results......Page 117
Comments......Page 119
High Efficiency......Page 120
Fast Charge......Page 121
Battery Charger System......Page 122
Control Algorithm of Modern Switching Regulators: Analog or Digital?......Page 123
Fast Switchmode Regulators and Digital Control......Page 126
Introduction......Page 130
Offline Control......Page 131
PFC Architecture......Page 134
DC-DC Conversion Down to Low Voltage......Page 139
Future Trends......Page 141
AC Adapter Power Dissipation......Page 142
AC Adapter Case Temperature......Page 143
Development of a Solution......Page 144
Conclusion......Page 147
The Wireless Landscape......Page 148
Power Management Technologies for Wireless......Page 149
Cellular Telephones......Page 150
Wireless Handheld......Page 152
Protection and Fuel Gauging......Page 154
Convergence of Cellular Telephone and Handheld......Page 155
Future Architectures......Page 156
Smart Phone Subsystems......Page 157
Display Board......Page 158
Main Board......Page 159
Battery Pack......Page 160
AC Adapter......Page 161
Growing Complexity and Shrinking Cycle Time......Page 162
Power Management Unit......Page 163
Low Dropouts (LDOs)......Page 164
6.4 More on Power Management Units in Cell Phones......Page 165
PMU Building Blocks......Page 166
CPU Regulator......Page 167
Low Dropout Block......Page 168
The Microcontroller......Page 169
The Microcontroller Die......Page 170
Microcontroller-Driven Illumination System......Page 171
6.5 Color Displays and Cameras Increase Demand on Power Sources and Management......Page 173
Digital Still Camera......Page 174
Camera Phones......Page 175
Untethered Operation......Page 178
7.1 Power Management of Desktop and Notebook Computers......Page 180
Power Management System Solution for a Pentium III Desktop System......Page 181
Power Management System Solution for Pentium IV Systems (Desktop and Notebook)......Page 183
Desktop Systems......Page 185
Notebook Systems......Page 191
Future Power Trends......Page 196
Telecom Power Distribution......Page 197
Computing Power Distribution......Page 198
Multiphase Buck Converter for POLs and VRMs......Page 199
Conclusion......Page 200
DDR Power Management Architecture......Page 201
Worst Case Current Consumption......Page 202
Average Power Consumption......Page 203
Standby Operation......Page 204
Second Generation DDR—DDR2......Page 205
FAN5236 for DDR and DDR2 Memories......Page 206
Set-Top Box Architecture......Page 208
High Power Set-Top Boxes......Page 209
Low Power Set-Top Boxes......Page 213
Introduction......Page 215
Telecom -48 V DC Power Distribution......Page 216
Datacom AC Power Distribution......Page 217
Conclusion......Page 221
8.1 Beyond Productivity and Toys: Designing ICs for the Health Care Market......Page 222
8.2 Power Management Protocols Help Save Energy......Page 223
Motherboard (DC-DC) Voltage Regulators......Page 224
Offline (AC-DC) Voltage Regulators with Power Factor Correction (PFC)......Page 225
Green Power (Energy Management)......Page 226
New Low Power System Requirements......Page 227
Active versus Passive Cooling......Page 228
Active Cooling......Page 229
Active Cooling—Yes or No?......Page 230
Active Cooling Implementation......Page 232
The Tools on the Web......Page 234
Camera Basics......Page 236
Driving Implementation......Page 237
Conclusion......Page 239
A Fairchild Specifications for FAN5093......Page 242
B Fairchild Specifications for FAN4803......Page 260
C Fairchild Specifications for FSD210 and FSD200......Page 274
D Fairchild Specifications for FAN5307......Page 294
E Fairchild Specifications for ACE1502......Page 308
F Fairchild Specifications for FAN5236......Page 342
G Fairchild Specifications for FAN8702......Page 364
Glossary......Page 382
Further Reading......Page 394
Index......Page 396
