Managing Death: International Perspectives

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There is a huge collection of literature relating to death, grief and bereavement, but one aspect that has received relatively little attention is that of death management practices (by which we mean the various ways of managing the circumstances of the death, ritually acknowledging it and sensitively handling the disposal of the body and so on). While ways of disposing of the dead and grief practices have been thought of as based upon individual responses, grief and bereavement practices can be understood not only by looking at psychological and medical frameworks, but also by examining people as part of a complex structure of social arrangements, institutions, structures, and patterns. By examining the social and institutional structures of various groups around the world, we provide an international framework for a better understanding of the study of dying, death, and bereavement.

This book highlights the significance of these matters in an international context, reflecting common themes and important differences. It will highlight common themes across diverse cultures and national settings, while also drawing attention to significant differences. If professionals working in the field of death, grief and bereavement are not aware of such differences, their practice can be insensitive, discriminatory and therefore ineffective, if not actually counterproductive.

 As such, the book provides an invaluable resource for a wide variety of professionals and students, including medicine and health care; social work; counselling and psychotherapy; chaplaincy and pastoral work; and, of course, those involved in the funeral industry. In addition, students of sociology, psychology and anthropology will find much of interest here in terms of appreciating the diversity of ways in which funerals and other death management practices are managed and integrated into social life. 

Author(s): Gerry R. Cox, Neil Thompson
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2022

Language: English
Pages: 278
City: Cham

Foreword
International Perspectives on Managing a Universal Phenomenon
References
Preface
Why This Book?
Managing Death
Who Is This Book For?
A Note of Caution
References
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Drawing on Social Science
Learning from the Ancients
Understanding Death Management
Attitudes to Death and Dying
Globalization and Its Impact
The Social Context of Death and Dying
The Structure of the Book
References
Contents
About the Authors
Part I: Making Sense of Death Management Practices
Introduction to Part I
Chapter 1 Death and Dying in Social Context
Introduction
Chapter 1: Death and Dying in Social Context
Burial and Mortuary Customs
The Sociological Imagination
The Social Nature of Death and Dying
Socialization
A Compassionate Society?
Common Elements
The Role of the Community
Resilience
Bonding and Relationships
Dying, Death, and Meaning
Symbols of Dying and Death
Making Role Adjustments
Rebuilding Social Life
Conclusion
References
Chapter 2: Death Management Practices
Introduction
Hoy’s Framework
Significant Symbols
Gathered Community
Ritual Action
Connection to Heritage
Transition of the Corpse
The Emergence of Civilizations
Early Beginnings
Beyond Ethnocentrism
Funerals and Their Alternatives
Methods of Disposal of the Dead
Rituals and Meaning Making
Funerals as a Source of Solace
Cultural Variations in Burial Practices
American Indian Disposal Practices
Other Cultural Patterns
Conclusion
References
Part II: The Role of Religion
Introduction to Part II
References
Chapter 3: Christianity
The Historical Development of Christianity
The Impact of the Romans on Christianity
The Christian Approach to Death
Christian Approaches to Disposing of the Dead
Conclusion
References
Chapter 4: Islam
Islam in Historical Context
The Basis of Islam
Muslim Death Management Practices
Conclusion
References
Chapter 5: Judaism
Judaism in Historical Context
Jewish Disposal Practices
The Sociopolitical Context of Judaism
Conclusion
References
Chapter 6: Other Religions and None
Other Religions
Common Themes Across Religions
Spirituality Beyond Religion
Death, Dying, and Spirituality
Identity and Connectedness
Conclusion
References
Part III: African Disposal and Bereavement Practices
Introduction to Part III
References
Chapter 7: Egypt
Egypt in International Context
Egyptian Culture
Ancient Egyptian Death Customs
Conclusion
References
Chapter 8: Nubia (Kush)
Nubia in Historical Context
Nubian Culture
Nubian Death Management Practices
Conclusion
References
Chapter 9: The Akan of Ghana
Ghana in International Context
Akan Culture
Akan Death Management Practices
Conclusion
References
Chapter 10: Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe in International Context
Zimbabwean Culture
Zimbabwean Death Management Practices
Conclusion
References
Part IV: Asian Disposal and Bereavement Practices
Introduction to Part IV
Chapter 11: Japan
Japan in International Context
Japanese Culture
Japanese Death Management Practices
Conclusion
References
Chapter 12: China
China in International Context
Chinese Culture
Chinese Death Management Practices
Conclusion
References
Chapter 13: The Hmong
The Hmong Historically
Hmong Culture
Hmong Death Management Practices
Conclusion
References
Chapter 14: India
India in International Context
Indian Culture
Hindu Death Management Practices
Conclusion
References
Part V: European Disposal and Bereavement Practices
Introduction to Part V
Reference
Chapter 15: Wales
Wales in International Context
The Welsh Language
Welsh Culture
Death in Wales
Future Developments
Conclusion
References
Chapter 16: Ireland
Ireland in International Context
Ireland in Historical Context
Irish Death Management Practices
Conclusion
References
Chapter 17: England
England in International Context
England in Historical Context
The English Population Today
English Deathways
Conclusion
References
Chapter 18: Scandinavia
Scandinavia in Global Context
Scandinavian Death Management Practices
The Current Situation
Conclusion
References
Chapter 19: Poland
Poland in International Context
Polish Culture
Conclusion
References
Part VI: North and South American Disposal and Bereavement Practices
Introduction to Part VI
References
Chapter 20: American Indians
American Indians in International Context
American Indian Death Management Practices
American Indians Today
Conclusion
References
Chapter 21: The Mound Builders
Who Were the Mound Builders?
Mound Building as a Death Management Practice
Conclusion
References
Chapter 22: The Anasazi
Anasazi Culture
Anasazi Burial Practices
Conclusion
References
Chapter 23: The Aztecs
Aztec Culture
Aztec Death Management Practices
Conclusion
References
Chapter 24: The Incas
The Incas in Historical Context
Inca Culture and Civilization
Inca Death Management Practices
Conclusion
References
Chapter 25: The Navajo
Diné Culture
Diné Death Management Practices
Conclusion
References
Chapter 26: The Lakota
Lakota Culture
Lakota Death Management Practices
Conclusion
References
Part VII: Oceanic Disposal and Bereavement Practices
Introduction to Part VII
Chapter 27: Samoa, Hawaii, and Other Islands
Samoa and Hawaii in International Context
Island Cultures
Island Death Management Practices
Conclusion
References
Chapter 28: New Zealand/Aotearoa
New Zealand in International Context
Māori Culture
Māori Death Management Practices
Conclusion
References
Chapter 29: Australian Aboriginal Peoples
Australian Aboriginal Peoples in Context
Australian Aboriginal Culture
Australian Aboriginal Death Practices
Conclusion
References
Part VIII: The Social Challenges of Death
Introduction to Part VIII
Chapter 30: The Story Continues
Introduction
The Progressive-Regressive Method
Globalization and Commercialization
Medicalization
Secularization
Public Health Challenges
Climate Change
Terrorism
Threats to Democracy
The Sequestration of Death
The Role of the Internet
Inequality
Conclusion
References
Afterword
A Focus on “Social Problems”
Death and Funerary Ritual
References
Guide to Further Learning
Books
Organizations and Websites
Index