"Preface Book Synopsis Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a rapidly developing field in basic, applied science and clinical practice. Research efforts in this field have already been recognized with five Nobel prizes, awarded to seven Nobel laureates during the last 69 years. The book begins with a general description of the phenomenon of magnetic resonance and a brief summary of Fourier transformations in two dimensions. It proceeds to examine the fundamental principles of physics for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal formation and image construction. To this extent, there is a detailed reference to the mathematical formulation of MRI using the imaging equation, description of the relaxation parameters T1 and T2, and reference to specific pulse sequences and data acquisition schemes. Additionally, numerous image quantitative indices are presented, including signal, noise, signal-to-noise, contrast, and resolution. The second part of the book discusses the hardware and electronics of an MRI scanner, the typical measurements and simulations of magnetic fields based on the law of Biot-Savart, followed by an introduction to NMR spectroscopy, and to dedicated spectral techniques employing various pulse sequences. The third part discusses advanced imaging techniques. While the list may contain numerous modern applications, including cardiac MR, coronary and peripheral angiography, flow, diffusion, and functional MRI (fMRI), the focus is maintained on parallel imaging. The book is enriched with numerous worked examples and problem sets with selected solutions. Nobel Prizes in Magnetic Resonance Magnetic resonance imaging is a field that emerged right after the Second World War, as a result of experimental work that was initiated initially for spectroscopy"--Provided by publisher. Read more...
Abstract: "Preface Book Synopsis Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a rapidly developing field in basic, applied science and clinical practice. Research efforts in this field have already been recognized with five Nobel prizes, awarded to seven Nobel laureates during the last 69 years. The book begins with a general description of the phenomenon of magnetic resonance and a brief summary of Fourier transformations in two dimensions. It proceeds to examine the fundamental principles of physics for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal formation and image construction. To this extent, there is a detailed reference to the mathematical formulation of MRI using the imaging equation, description of the relaxation parameters T1 and T2, and reference to specific pulse sequences and data acquisition schemes. Additionally, numerous image quantitative indices are presented, including signal, noise, signal-to-noise, contrast, and resolution. The second part of the book discusses the hardware and electronics of an MRI scanner, the typical measurements and simulations of magnetic fields based on the law of Biot-Savart, followed by an introduction to NMR spectroscopy, and to dedicated spectral techniques employing various pulse sequences. The third part discusses advanced imaging techniques. While the list may contain numerous modern applications, including cardiac MR, coronary and peripheral angiography, flow, diffusion, and functional MRI (fMRI), the focus is maintained on parallel imaging. The book is enriched with numerous worked examples and problem sets with selected solutions. Nobel Prizes in Magnetic Resonance Magnetic resonance imaging is a field that emerged right after the Second World War, as a result of experimental work that was initiated initially for spectroscopy"--Provided by publisher
Content: Fourier Transformations Mathematical Representation of Images Continuous Images Delta Function Separable Images Linear Shift Invariant (LSI) Systems Cascade Systems Stability Fourier Transformation and Inverse FT Properties of Fourier Transformations Frequency Response Discrete Images and Systems Separable Images Linear Shift Invariant Systems Frequency Response-Point Spread Sequence Discrete Fourier Transform and Its Inverse Properties of Discrete Fourier Transforms Fundamentals of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Quantum Mechanical Description of NMR: Energy Level Diagrams Boltzmann Statistics Pulsed and Continuous Wave NMR Spin Quantum Numbers and Charge Densities Angular Momentum and Precession Overview of MR Instrumentation The Classical View of NMR-A Macroscopic Approach Rotating Frame and Laboratory Frame RF Excitation and Detection Molecular Spin Relaxation-Free Induction Decay T1 and T2 Measurements Relaxation Times in Biological Tissues Molecular Environment and Relaxation Biophysical Aspects of Relaxation Times Spectral Density and Correlation Times T1 and T2 Relaxation Quadrupolar Moments Fundamentals of Magnetic Resonance II: Imaging Magnetic Field Gradients Spin-Warp Imaging and Imaging Basics Slice Selection Multislice and Oblique Excitations Frequency Encoding Phase Encoding Fourier Transformation and Image Reconstruction Fundamentals of Magnetic Resonance III: The Formalism of k-Space MRI Signal Formulation k-Space Formalism and Trajectories Concept of Pulse Sequences Echo Planar Imaging Pulse Sequences T1, T2, and Proton Density-Weighted Images Saturation Recovery, Spin-Echo, Inversion Recovery Gradient-Echo Imaging: FLASH, SSFP, and STEAM Bloch Equation Formulation and Simulations Technical Limits and Safety Introduction to Instrumentation Magnets and Designs Stability, Homogeneity, and Fringe Field Gradient Coils RF Coils RF Decoupling B Field Distributions and Simulations Safety Issues Tour of an MRI Facility Hardware Imaging Generation of MRI Images Safety Signal, Noise, Resolution, and Image Contrast Signal and Noise Sources in MRI Signal to Noise Ratio Contrast-to-Noise Ratio Tissue Parameters and Image Dependence Imaging Parameters and Image Dependence Resolution Spectroscopy and Spectroscopic Imaging Introduction to NMR Spectroscopy Fundamental Principles Localized Spectroscopy Imaging Equation and Spectroscopic Imaging Advanced Imaging Techniques: Parallel Imaging Introduction to Parallel Imaging Parallel Imaging Fundamentals Transmit Phased Arrays Problem Sets Multiple Choice Questions Solutions to Selected Problems Answers to Multiple Choice Questions Glossary Bibliography Index
