The eleventh volume in this ground-breaking series pays special attention to politically engaged poetry, written during a turbulent period which saw the Constitutional Revolution in Iran as well as the rise to power of Reza Shah and his attempts to implement reform. Throughout this time, poets began to turn their attention towards the country's ordinary people, rather than concentrate on its elites. This volume also examines the prose fiction of the period, which saw the rise of the novel and short story. Additionally, Persian satire began to grow in importance, especially with the increased popularity of poets and novelists such as Iraj Mirza and Sadeq Hedayat. This wide-ranging volume is an invaluable companion for anyone who wants to understand how the Persian literary scene changed at the beginning of the twentieth century, reflecting the social and political contexts in which this literature was created
Author(s): Ali-Asghar Seyed-Gohrab, (Ed.), Ehsan Yarshater, (General Ed.)
Series: A History of Persian Literature
Publisher: I. B. Tauris
Year: 2015
Language: English
Commentary: Sponsored by Persian Heritage Foundation (New York) & Center for Iranian Studies, Columbia University
Pages: 519
City: New York
Tags: Iran, Persian, Literature, History, Farsi, فارسی, Literary
Front cover......Page 1
Title page......Page 4
Copyright page......Page 5
Table of contents......Page 8
Contributors......Page 12
Foreword......Page 16
Preface......Page 20
1. A Historical Sketch of the Period......Page 24
2. The Constitutional Revolution (1905–11)......Page 28
3. Persia and the First World War......Page 33
4. The Ascension of Reza Khan......Page 37
5. The Rise of Pahlavi Dynasty and Reza Shah’s Reforms......Page 40
6. The Clergy’s Role in the Political Events......Page 43
7. Conclusions......Page 51
1. Introduction......Page 53
2. Farewell to Classical Themes......Page 54
3. The Language of Poetry......Page 60
4. Themes and Topics of the Revolutionary Poetry......Page 65
5. New Gender Relations, and Reactions......Page 72
6. Nationalistic Tendencies in Poetry......Page 101
7. Pro-German and Anti-British and Anti-Russian Sentiments......Page 113
8. Poetic Forms......Page 120
9. The Ghazal as a Political Device......Page 123
10. Singing Freedom, the Persian Ballad (Tasnif)......Page 126
11. New Poetic Forms......Page 133
12. Folk Poetry in a Constitutional Setting......Page 137
13. Poetry and Newspapers......Page 151
14. Conclusions......Page 154
1. Introduction......Page 156
2. Persian Political Treatises and Travelogues......Page 157
3. Translations from European Languages......Page 161
4. The Role of Politicians in Reforming the Language and Introducing New Genres......Page 165
5. The Prelude to the Constitutional Revolution......Page 168
6. The Early Pahlavi Era......Page 170
7. Conclusions......Page 182
1. Introduction......Page 184
2. The Constitutional Revolution and After......Page 187
3. The Nationalist Poets Âref of Qazv in (1882–1934) and Mohammad-Rezâ Mirzâde Eshqi (1893–1924)......Page 197
4. Jalâl-al-Mamâlek Iraj Mirzâ (1874–1926)......Page 209
5. Mohammad-Taqi Bahâr (1886–1951)......Page 229
6. Mohammad-Ali Jamâlzâde (1892–1997)......Page 238
7. Sâdeq Hedâyat (1903–1951)......Page 245
‘The Islamic Mission to European Countries’......Page 248
Alaviye Khânom......Page 250
Talab‑e Âmorzesh......Page 252
Vagh-vagh Sâhâb......Page 254
The Patriot......Page 257
Ridicule of the Contemporary Literary Studies......Page 258
Letters......Page 260
1. Introduction......Page 263
2. Fasl-e Bahâr Khânom, ‘Jannat’ (1878–1940)......Page 266
3. Esmat Khânom Tehrâni, ‘Tâyere’ (1871–1911)......Page 270
4. Shams Kasmâ’i (1883–1961)......Page 281
5. Fakhr-e Ozmâ Arghun, ‘Fakhri’ (1899–1966)......Page 289
6. Zanddokht Shirâzi (1909–1952)......Page 295
7. Âlam-tâj Qâ’em-Maqâmi, ‘Zhâle’ (1883–1946)......Page 307
8. Parvin E’tesâmi (1907–1941)......Page 318
9. Conclusions......Page 332
1. Introduction......Page 334
2. The Role of the Press......Page 337
3. The Literary Debate......Page 345
4. Political and Patriotic Poetry......Page 354
5. Poetry and Women’s Emancipation......Page 363
6. Domestication of the Foreign......Page 365
7. Conclusions......Page 374
1. Introduction......Page 376
2. Indigenous Performing and Carnival Traditions in Iran......Page 377
3. The Rise of European-Style Drama in Iran (1850–1875)......Page 383
4. The Court and Western-Style Drama and Performances in Iran (1875–1890)......Page 390
5. Religious Minorities, Socio-Political
Transformation, and Revolutionary Modernity:
The Expansion of Western-Style Performances
(1890–1918)......Page 395
6. The Plays and the Playwrights (1890–1918)......Page 402
Mortezâ-Qoli Fekri (1870–1917)......Page 404
Ahmad Mahmudi (1875–1930)......Page 407
7. Authoritative Modernity, Archaist Nationalism and Censorship: Iranian Drama and Theater between 1918 and 1941......Page 410
Mohammad-Rezâ Mirzâde Eshqi (1893–1924)......Page 415
Hasan Moqaddam (1897–1925)......Page 420
Rezâ Kamâl (Shahrzâd) (1898–1937)......Page 422
Gerigor Yaqikian (1880–1951)......Page 423
Sayyed Ali Nasr (1893–1962)......Page 425
Arbâb Aflâtun Keykhosrow Shâhrokh (1875–1940)......Page 426
Mir Seyf-al-Din Kermânshâhi (1876–1932)......Page 427
Sa’id Nafisi (1895–1966)......Page 428
Zabih Behruz (1890–1971)......Page 429
Sâdeq Hedâyat (1903–1951)......Page 430
Other Playwrights......Page 431
9. Conclusions......Page 432
1. Introduction......Page 434
2. Early Literary Journals......Page 438
3. Journals of the Constitutional and Post-Constitutional Period......Page 445
4. Early Journals for Women......Page 463
5. Modernity versus Tradition......Page 464
6. Committed and Radical Journals......Page 467
7. Conclusions......Page 468
1. Formative Era......Page 471
2. Literature of the Maktab-khâne......Page 474
3. Children’s Literature before 1920......Page 478
4. Classical Literary Tradition as Children’s Literature......Page 480
5. Translations from European Literary Sources......Page 482
6. Children’s Literature from 1920 to 1940......Page 486
Bibliography......Page 494
Index......Page 522
