The book consists of 3 chapters with 10 contributions written by internationally renowned experts in the correspondent areas. The first chapter is devoted to the study of light scattering by a single particle and also by the ensembles of particles in the single scattering approximation valid for a low concentration of scatterers. In particular, light scattering by ice crystals, soil particles and biological particles is considered. The authors pay attention to both theoretical and experimental results in the area. In short, this volume gives a valuable picture of recent developments in the area. The second chapter is aimed at the investigation of multiple light scattering and radiative transfer. The last chapter is devoted to the applications of light scattering techniques in combustion and marine research. Furthermore, this book has the potential to further facilitate studies in the area of light scattering media optics and be of importance to researchers across various scientific fields including astronomy, biophysics, combustion, meteorology, optics, remote sensing and geophysics.
Author(s): Alexander A. Kokhanovsky (Editor)
Edition: 1
Year: 2006
Language: English
Pages: 509
Tags: Науки о Земле;Метеорология и климатология;Физико-химические процессы в атмосфере. Методы измерений;
Contents......Page 5
List of contributors......Page 11
Notes on the contributors......Page 13
Preface......Page 21
Part I: Single Light Scattering......Page 24
1.1 Introduction......Page 25
1.3 Experimental method......Page 26
1.4 Database......Page 31
1.5 Applications and examples......Page 36
References......Page 48
2.1 Introduction......Page 52
2.2 Geometric optics for light scattering by large ice crystals......Page 54
2.3 The finite-difference time domain method......Page 68
2.4 Numerical examples......Page 74
2.5 Summary......Page 82
References......Page 85
3.2 Small phase shifts......Page 93
3.3 Potential scattering......Page 97
3.4 Arbitrary phase shifts......Page 100
3.5 Nonspherical scatterers......Page 125
3.6 Applications......Page 133
References......Page 136
4.1 Introduction......Page 144
4.2 Light scattering problem......Page 145
4.3 Solutions using the spherical wave functions......Page 153
4.4 Solutions using the spheroidal wave functions......Page 169
4.5 Solution using the ellipsoidal wave functions......Page 185
4.6 Concluding remarks......Page 189
References......Page 190
Part II: Multiple Light Scattering......Page 197
5 Multiple scattering of short waves by uncorrelated and correlated scatterers......Page 198
5.1 Waves in free space......Page 199
5.2 Wave scattering......Page 210
5.3 Multiple scattering of waves......Page 227
5.4 Multiple scattering by uncorrelated scatterers......Page 232
5.5 Multiple scattering by correlated scatterers......Page 253
Bibliographic comments......Page 268
6.1 Introduction......Page 270
6.2 Radiative transfer equation......Page 271
6.3 Reflection and transmission functions......Page 273
6.4 Asymptotic theory......Page 276
6.5 Exponential approximation......Page 297
6.6 Conclusion......Page 303
References......Page 304
7.1 Introduction......Page 307
7.2 General relations......Page 308
7.3 Polarization mode approximation......Page 312
7.4 Diffusive propagation......Page 320
7.5 Small-angle multiple scattering......Page 326
7.6 A narrow beam of linearly polarized light......Page 341
7.7 Discussion......Page 347
References......Page 350
8.1 Introduction......Page 354
8.2 Instrument response function and the mathematical model of the ideal measurement......Page 356
8.3 Linearization and the variational derivative......Page 358
8.4 Standard and generalized forms of the vector RTE......Page 361
8.5 Generalized form of the adjoint radiative transfer operator......Page 366
8.6 Adjoint radiative transfer equation......Page 369
8.7 General expression for the weighting function......Page 372
8.8 Weighting functions for main optical and surface parameters......Page 376
8.9 Other representations for weighting functions......Page 380
8.10 Comparison with previous results......Page 391
8.11 Conclusion......Page 397
Appendix A: Derivation of t(τ μ) and b(τ μ)......Page 399
Appendix B: Adjoint modified differential operator......Page 401
References......Page 403
Part III: Applications......Page 406
9.1 Introduction......Page 407
9.2 Soot and other nanoparticles......Page 408
9.3 Liquid fuel sprays and pulverised fuel (PF)......Page 428
9.4 Numerical inversion......Page 446
9.5 Inclusions......Page 447
9.6 Conclusions......Page 451
9.7 Symbols......Page 452
References......Page 453
10.1 Introduction......Page 459
10.2 Absorption of light in natural water......Page 461
10.3 Elastic scattering of light in natural water......Page 464
10.4 Raman scattering of light in natural water......Page 477
10.6 Yellow substance (Gelbstoff, DOM or CDOM) fluorescence in natural water......Page 480
10.7 Diffuse reflection coefficient......Page 482
10.8 Diffuse reflection coefficient of a water basin illuminated by direct solar light and diffuse light of the sky......Page 486
10.9 Diffuse reflection coefficient of shallow water body illuminated by diffuse light......Page 488
10.10 Diffuse attenuation coefficient......Page 489
10.11 Optical models of scattering and absorption of light in natural water......Page 490
References......Page 494
Appendix: Notation and definitions......Page 501
F......Page 505
R......Page 506
W......Page 507
