Learn Audio Electronics with Arduino: Practical Audio Circuits with Arduino Control teaches the reader how to use Arduino to control analogue audio circuits and introduces electronic circuit theory through a series of practical projects, including a MIDI drum controller and an Arduino-controlled two-band audio equalizer amplifier.
Learn Audio Electronics with Arduino provides all the theoretical knowledge needed to design, analyse, and build audio circuits for amplification and filtering, with additional topics like C programming being introduced in a practical context for Arduino control. The reader will learn how these circuits work and also how to build them, allowing them to progress to more advanced audio circuits in the future. Beginning with electrical fundamentals and control systems, DC circuit theory is then combined with an introduction to C programming to build Arduino-based systems for audio (tone sequencer) and MIDI (drum controller) output. The second half of the book begins with AC circuit theory to allow analogue audio circuits for amplification and filtering to be analysed, simulated, and built. These circuits are then combined with Arduino control in the final project - an Arduino-controlled two-band equalizer amplifier.
Building on high-school physics and mathematics in an accessible way, Learn Audio Electronics with Arduino is suitable for readers of all levels. An ideal tool for those studying audio electronics, including as a component within other fields of study, such as computer science, human-computer interaction, acoustics, music technology, and electronics engineering.
Author(s): Charlie Cullen
Publisher: Routledge
Year: 2020
Language: English
Pages: xxii+464
Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of contents
Figures
Tables
Preface
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Software tools
Tinkercad
LTspice
Arduino IDE
Equipment
Arduino Uno
Breadboard
Switches and LEDs
Resistors, capacitors and potentiometers
Audio and MIDI components
Other components
Soldering
Final component list
Conclusions
Chapter 1 Electronics fundamentals
1.1 Scales, symbols and equations
1.1.1 Worked example – adding voltages
1.1.2 Worked example – working with fractions
1.2 Electrical fundamentals
1.3 Tutorial – introduction to Tinkercad
1.4 Example project – getting started: an Arduino-powered LED light
1.5 Conclusions
1.6 Self-study questions
Chapter 2 Systems and transducers
2.1 Electronic systems and transducers
2.2 Digital systems and Arduino control
2.3 Analogue to digital conversion – sampling
2.4 MIDI control systems
2.5 Audio sensors: switches, potentiometers and microphones
2.6 Audio actuators: LEDs and loudspeakers
2.7 Tutorial – working with components
2.8 Example project – sensor control of LED output
2.9 Conclusions
2.10 Self-study questions
Notes
Chapter 3 DC circuits
3.1 Ohm’s Law and direct current
3.1.1 Worked example – calculating a resistor value
3.2 Kirchoff’s Voltage Law: series circuits
3.2.1 Worked examples – calculating series resistance
3.2.2 Worked example – calculating series resistor voltages
3.3 Voltage dividers
3.3.1 Worked examples – voltage dividers
3.4 Kirchoff’s Current Law: parallel circuits
3.4.1 Worked examples – calculating parallel resistance
3.4.2 Worked examples – calculating parallel current
3.5 Tutorial: limiting current to protect components
3.6 Example projects: series and parallel circuits
3.6.1 Series circuit project
3.6.2 Parallel circuit project
3.7 Conclusions
3.8 Self-study questions
Chapter 4 Digital systems 1 – Arduino output
4.1 Microprocessor control systems
4.2 Instruction types – sequence instructions
4.3 Example project 1 – Arduino digital output
4.5 Example 2 – multiple digital outputs
4.6 Functions – encapsulating code
4.7 Tutorial – how to write code part I
4.8 Example 3 – reusing code with functions
4.9 Analogue output – pulse width modulation
4.10 Example project – automatic tone player
4.11 Conclusions
4.12 Self-study questions
Notes
Chapter 5 Digital systems 2 – Arduino input
5.1 Programming recap
5.2 Data structures and iteration – arrays and loops
5.3 Example 1 – tone array output
5.4 Working with external libraries – serial MIDI output
5.5 Example 2 – MIDI sequence player
5.6 Conditions and digital input
5.7 Tutorial – how to write code part II
5.8 Example 3 – MIDI switch controller output
5.9 Analogue input – percussion sampling
5.10 Final project: MIDI drum trigger
5.11 Conclusions
5.12 Self-study questions
Chapter 6 AC circuits
6.1 Audio signal fundamentals – sine waves
6.1.1 Worked example – varying the speed of sound
6.2 AC signals – amplitude, frequency and phase
6.2.1 Worked examples – finding the instantaneous voltage of a sine wave input signal
6.3 Capacitance – storing charge over time
6.3.1 Worked example – calculating the charge on a capacitor
6.3.2 Worked example – calculating capacitive reactance for different input frequencies
6.4 Impedance – combining AC components
6.4.1 Worked examples – analysing combined resistive and reactive circuits
6.5 Tutorial: installing LTspice
6.6 Example project – AC analysis with LTspice
6.6.1 Example project – circuit 1
6.6.2 Example project – circuit 2
6.7 Conclusions
6.8 Self-study questions
Chapter 7 Audio amplifiers
7.1 Amplification
7.1.1 Worked examples – calculating decibel gain values
7.2 Semiconductors – diodes
7.3 Semiconductors – transistors
7.3.1 Worked example – simulating BJT characteristic curves using LTspice
7.3.2 Worked example – simulating a common emitter amplifier with LTspice
7.4 Operational amplifiers
7.4.1 Worked example – simulating an inverting amplifier with LTspice
7.5 DC blocking, power decoupling and Zobel networks
7.6 Example project: building an audio amplifier
7.7 Conclusions
7.8 Self-study questions
Chapter 8 Audio filters
8.1 Decibels and equal loudness
8.2 Filter characteristics and Bode plots
8.3 First-order low-pass filter
8.3.1 Worked example – designing a first-order low-pass filter
8.3.2 Worked example – simulating a first-order low-pass filter using LTspice
8.4 First-order high-pass filter
8.4.1 Worked example – designing a first-order high-pass filter
8.4.2 Worked example – simulating a first-order high-pass filter with LTspice
8.4.3 Worked example – reading and writing audio files with LTspice
8.5 Controlling audio filters
8.6 Example project – audio amplifier with 2-band equalizer
8.7 Conclusions
8.8 Self-study questions
Chapter 9 Arduino audio control
9.1 Final project overview
9.1.1 Project components
9.2 Arduino state control
9.2.1 Worked example – Arduino state control
9.3 Arduino digital filter control
9.4 Final project – Arduino-controlled audio amplifier with 2-band equalizer
9.5 Conclusions
Chapter 10 Conclusions
10.1 Future work
10.1.1 Electronics fundamentals
10.1.2 Arduino control
10.1.3 Audio electronics
10.2 Final notes
Appendix 1 Self-study questions
Appendix 2 AC equation derivations (chapter 6)
Appendix 3 Standard component values
Index
