Landscape Pattern Language: A New Approach to Landscape Expression and Spatial Reasoning

Series Editor’s Preface
Preface
Landscape Pattern Language: Integrating Practice and Science
Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
1 Logic of Landscape Pattern Language
1.1 Background and Key Point of Ideology
1.1.1 Quadrant Shift: Pasteur’s Quadrant and Practice Research
1.1.2 Theoretical Background: Cultural Adaptation Theory
1.1.3 Intellectual Approach: New Tools for Thinking
1.1.4 Expressing Way: Fictitious and Realistic Approaches
1.1.5 Bridging the Gap: Inspired by Ecological Wisdom
1.2 Origin and Development of Pattern Language
1.2.1 Concept and Connotation
1.2.2 Making up for the Deficiency
1.2.3 Development of Design Language
1.2.4 Development of Pattern Language
1.2.5 Development of Landscape Pattern Language
1.3 Organizing Landscape Space with Language Logic
1.3.1 Verbalization with Logic and Structure of Language
1.3.2 Space Units as the Basics of Total Landscape
1.3.3 Space Units Lexicalized by Using Pattern to Symbolize
1.3.4 Stitching and Nested Structure as Spatial Reasoning
1.4 A New Way to Spatial Reasoning of Landscape
1.4.1 A Nested Complex of Spatial Units with Multiple Scales
1.4.2 Revealing the Formative Process of Landscape Space
1.4.3 Establishing Spatial Reasoning of Total Landscape
1.5 Conceptual Model and Knowledge Gap
1.5.1 Conceptual Model of Landscape Pattern Language
1.5.2 Knowledge Gap of Landscape Pattern Language
References
2 Origin and Innovation of Landscape Pattern Language
2.1 Theoretical Context
2.1.1 Total Human Ecosystem Integrating Nature with Society
2.1.2 Socio-Ecological Thoughts of Design with Nature
2.1.3 Ecological Wisdom Bridging Science and Practice
2.2 Scale-Process-Order Supporting Spatial Logics
2.2.1 John Lyle’s Ecological Thoughts and Wisdom
2.2.2 Nested Structure as Overall Feature
2.2.3 Ecological Process as Key Force for Shaping
2.2.4 Ecological Order as Guarantee for Stability
2.3 Language of Landscape: Space Order
2.3.1 Ecological Design and Cultural Adaptation Theory
2.3.2 The Lack of Scaling Unfixing the Inner Logic
2.3.3 A Tool for Research on Spatial Reasoning
2.4 Pattern Language and Landscape Ecology
2.4.1 Theory of Pattern Language
2.4.2 Alexandria’s Pattern Language on Landscape Architecture
2.4.3 Alexander’s Contributions to Landscape Architecture
2.4.4 Insights of Alexander to Landscape Architecture
2.4.5 Expressing Horizontal Ecological Relations
References
3 Landscape Unit: Base of Pattern Language
3.1 Ecological Space and Its Characteristics
3.1.1 Ontology and Ecocharacteristics of Landscape Space
3.1.2 Localization of Landscape Space Design
3.1.3 Meaning and Theory of Ecological Space
3.1.4 Concept and Drivers of Ecological Space Unit
3.1.5 Coupling of Ecological Space Units
3.1.6 Scale Theory of Ecological Spaces
3.2 Classification of Ecological Space
3.2.1 Definition of Ecological Space
3.2.2 Classification and Characteristics of Ecospace Unit
3.2.3 Classification of Basic Ecological Space Units
3.2.4 Classification of Aggregated Ecological Space Units
3.2.5 Classification of Holistic Ecological Space Unit
3.3 Horizontal Mosaic of Ecological Space Units
3.3.1 Concept of Horizontal Mosaic of Spaces
3.3.2 Integrity and Coupling of Horizontal Mosaic
3.3.3 Horizontal Mosaic of Ecological Space Units
3.4 Vertical Nested Structure of Ecological Unit
3.4.1 Vertical Nesting of Ecological Space
3.4.2 Coordinating Growth and Stability of Ecospace Unit
3.4.3 Scale Process of Ecological Space Unit
3.4.4 Mechanism of Vertical Nesting of Ecospace Unit
3.5 Ecological Space Unit and Zoning
3.5.1 Relationship Between Spatial Units and Ecological Zoning
3.5.2 Symbiosis Between Spatial Unit and Ecological Zoning
3.6 Spatial Performance Based on Ecosystem Services
3.6.1 Spatial Performance as the Basis for Sample Selection
3.6.2 Diversity of Spatial Performance Evaluation
3.6.3 Ecosystem Service Providing an Effective Approach
3.6.4 Evaluation Framework Based on Ecosystem Service
3.7 Verification of Ecological Space Unit
3.7.1 Identification and Classification of Ecospace Unit
3.7.2 Division of Ecological Space Units
3.7.3 Zoning of Ecological Functions
References
4 Landscape Space C-3P Analysis
4.1 Landscape Space C-3P Analysis
4.1.1 Content of Landscape Space C-3P System
4.1.2 Significance of Landscape Space C-3P Analysis
4.1.3 Structural Logic of Landscape Space C-3P Analysis
4.1.4 Landscape Space C-3P Analysis Framework
4.2 Landscape Component: Context Dependence
4.2.1 Classification and Characteristics of Landscape Components
4.2.2 Scale Analysis of Landscape Components
4.3 Landscape Spatial Pattern: Mosaic and Nesting
4.3.1 Classification and Characteristics of Landscape Pattern
4.3.2 Scale Analysis of Landscape Spatial Pattern
4.4 Spatial Process: Logic and Grammar
4.4.1 Classification of Landscape Spatial Process
4.4.2 Scale Analysis of Landscape Process
4.5 Perception of Landscape Space: Ideology
4.5.1 Classification of Landscape Perception
4.5.2 Scale Analysis of Landscape Perception
4.6 Dimensions of Landscape C-3P Analysis
4.6.1 Holistic Landscape Scale
4.6.2 Aggregated Landscape Scale
4.6.3 Basic Landscape Scale
References
5 System of Landscape Pattern Language
5.1 Theory and Method with Spatial Reasoning
5.1.1 New Framework of Landscape Cognition and Shaping
5.1.2 Pattern Language Being Learned and Accumulated
5.1.3 Pattern Language Being Integrated and Innovated
5.2 Framework of Landscape Pattern Language
5.2.1 Vocabulary of Pattern Language
5.2.2 The Morphology of Pattern Language
5.2.3 The Syntax of Pattern Language
5.3 Inner Logic of Landscape Pattern Language
5.3.1 Relations of Spatial Logic
5.3.2 Locality of Pattern Language
5.3.3 Scalability of Pattern Language
5.3.4 Temporality of Pattern Language
5.3.5 The Order of Pattern Language
5.3.6 Modification of Pattern Language
5.3.7 Rhetoric of Pattern Language
5.4 Locality and Universality of Pattern Language
5.4.1 Locality of Pattern Language
5.4.2 Universality of Pattern Language
5.5 Research Path of Pattern Language
5.5.1 Selection and Processing of Typical Sample
5.5.2 Extraction of Pattern Vocabulary
5.5.3 Lexical Analysis and Extraction
5.5.4 Syntactic Analysis and Extraction
5.5.5 Pattern Language System Construction
5.6 Research Methodology of Pattern Language
5.6.1 Methodological Framework
5.6.2 Structuralism and Deconstructionism
5.6.3 Self-organized Synergetic Theory and Logical Design
5.6.4 Spatial Formative Process and Reasoning
5.6.5 Multiple Meanings and Pragmatics of Landscape
5.7 Practice Application and Verification
5.7.1 Representation of Ecological Space of Landscape
5.7.2 Representation of Landscape Space Types
5.8 Teaching Application and Verification
5.8.1 Thoughts of Teaching
5.8.2 Features and Inspirations of Teaching
5.8.3 Application and Practice of Teaching
References
6 Vocabulary of Landscape Pattern Language
6.1 Ecological Interface at Micro–mesoscale
6.1.1 Basic Patterns
6.1.2 Aggregated Pattern
6.1.3 Vocabulary System
6.1.4 Pattern Language Application
6.1.5 Verification of Pattern Vocabulary Application
6.2 Water Body and Habitat
6.2.1 Basic Pattern
6.2.2 Aggregated Pattern
6.2.3 Pattern Vocabulary
6.2.4 Application of Pattern Language
6.2.5 Verification of Pattern Vocabulary Application
6.3 Public Open Space in Traditional Villages
6.3.1 Basic Pattern
6.3.2 Aggregated Patterns
6.3.3 Pattern Vocabulary
6.3.4 Application of Pattern Vocabulary
6.3.5 Verification of Pattern Language Application
6.4 Ecological Network
6.4.1 Basic Patterns
6.4.2 Aggregated Pattern
6.4.3 Pattern Vocabulary
6.4.4 Application of Pattern Vocabulary
6.4.5 Application and Verification
6.5 Land Form
6.5.1 Basic Pattern
6.5.2 Aggregated Pattern Vocabulary
6.5.3 Pattern Vocabulary
6.5.4 Pattern Language Application
6.5.5 Verification of Pattern Language
6.6 Landscape Axis
6.6.1 Pattern of Landscape Node
6.6.2 Basic Pattern
6.6.3 Aggregated Pattern
6.6.4 Vocabulary of Landscape Axis
6.6.5 Application and Verification
References
7 Spatial Relationship and Pattern Language Lexicon
7.1 Spatial Relationship of Basic Space Unit
7.1.1 Lexicon of Independent Landscape
7.1.2 Lexicon of Related Landscape
7.2 Spatial Relationship of Aggregated Space Unit
7.2.1 Fused Space
7.2.2 Paralleled Space
7.2.3 Over-Space
7.2.4 Network Space
7.3 Composite Lexicon of Space Unit
7.3.1 Space Paralleled and Interlocked
7.3.2 Space Paralleled and Overlapped
7.3.3 Space Interweaved and Overlaid
7.3.4 Space Nested and Overlapped
7.3.5 Space Paralleled, Overlapped, and Interlocked
7.3.6 Space Paralleled, Interweaved, and Fused
7.3.7 Space Paralleled, Interweaved, and Overlaid
7.3.8 Space Parallel, Interweaved, and Overlapped
7.3.9 Space Paralleled, Interrupted, and Overlapped
7.3.10 Space Interweaved, Paralleled, Fused, and Overlapped
7.3.11 Space Paralleled, Interweaved, Fused, and Nested
References
8 Syntax and Scaling of Landscape Pattern Language
8.1 Scaling of Pattern Language
8.1.1 The Objectivity and Subjectivity of Scale
8.1.2 Scale Determined by Spatial Effect
8.1.3 Scale Nested and Scaling
8.1.4 Scaling as Syntactic Rule
8.2 Syntax of Landscape Spatial Network
8.2.1 Site-Matching
8.2.2 Transferred-Epithet
8.2.3 Orderly Syntax
8.2.4 Modifying
8.3 Basic Principles of Scaling
8.3.1 Fractal Features of Network in Scaling
8.3.2 Hierarchy of Network Structure Based on Scale Effects
8.3.3 Scale Effect and Structure of Network
8.4 Network Types with Shrinking and Nesting
8.4.1 Progressive Nested
8.4.2 Leapfrog Nested
8.5 Network Patterns of Shrinking and Nesting
8.5.1 Landscape Pattern of Shaoning Plain
8.5.2 Landscape Pattern of Taihu Plain
8.5.3 Linpan Pattern in Western Sichuan
8.5.4 Pattern of Eastern Zhejiang Hilly Area
8.5.5 Pattern of Southern Anhui Polder Area
8.5.6 Pattern of Southern Jiangxi River Valley
References
9 Prospect of Landscape Pattern Language
9.1 Progress of Landscape Pattern Language Research
9.1.1 Theoretical Framework of Landscape Pattern Language
9.1.2 Vocabulary and Logic of Landscape Pattern Language
9.1.3 Methods and Mechanism of Landscape Pattern Language
9.2 Challenge in Landscape Pattern Language
9.2.1 Problems in Landscape Pattern Language Research
9.2.2 Breakthrough of Landscape Pattern Language
9.3 Research Innovation and Its Application
9.3.1 Innovations in Landscape Pattern Language
9.3.2 Prospects of Landscape Pattern Language Application
9.4 Prospects of Landscape Pattern Language Research
9.4.1 Theory and Method of Landscape Pattern Language
9.4.2 Spatial Coupling and Spatial Reasoning
9.4.3 Human Process and Cultural Landscape Space Coupling
9.4.4 Scales and Scaling of Landscape Pattern Language
9.4.5 Nested Structure and Its Adaptation
9.5 Optimization and Inheritance
9.5.1 Integration
9.5.2 Identification
9.5.3 Information
9.5.4 Intelligence
References
Appendices: Samples of Landscape Pattern
Epilogue