Kimberlites I : Kimberlites and Related Rocks

Front Cover
Kimberlites: I: Kimberlites and Related Rocks
Copyright Page
Preface
Table of Contents
Acknowledgements
List of Cotributors
Academician Vladimir Stepanovitch Sobolev,
Part I: Detection of Kimberlitic Occurrences
Chapter 1. A Teledetective study of kimberlite regions in North America (Colorado-Wyoming), East Africa (Mwadui), and Siberia ( Mir )
1. INTRODUCTION
2. PROCEDURE
3. STUDY AREAS
4. DISCUSSION
5. CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Chapter 2. Evaluation of Geophysical Techniques for diatreme delineation in the Colorado-Wyoming Kimberlite Province
INTRODUCTION
GRAVITY SURVEYS
MAGNETIC SURVEYS
ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY SURVEYS
ELECTROMAGNETIC SURVEYS
GAMMA RAY SPECTROMETRY
SEISMIC REFRACTION SURVEYS
CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Chapter 3. Geobotanical expression of a blind kimberlite pipe, Central India
1. INTRODUCTION
2. HINOTA PIPE, CENTRAL INDIA
3. GEOBOTANICAL STUDIES
4. DISCUSSION
5. CONCLUDING REMARKS
Part II: Natural Occurrences of Kimberlites And Related Rocks: Geology, Petrology, Mineralogy and Geochemistry
Chapter 4. The Geology of the Mayeng Kimberlite sill complex, South Africa
1. INTRODUCTION
2. GEOLOGY AND SETTING OF THE MAYENG COMPLEX
3. PETROGRAPHY
4. BULK-ROCK GEOCHEMISTRY
5. MINERAL CHEMISTRY
6. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT S
Chapter 5. The oxide minerals of the Wesselton Mine Kimberlite, Kimberley, South Africa
1. INTRODUCTION
2. LOCATION AND PETROGRAPHY
3. METHODS OF STUDY
4. OXIDE MINERALOGY AND COMPOSITIONS
5. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 6. Petrology of carbonate tuff from Melkfontein, East Griqualand, Southern Africa
1. INTRODUCTION
2. PETROGRAPHY AND MINERAL CHEMISTRY
3. DISCUSSION
4. CONCLUSIONS
5. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Chapter 7. The Koidu Kimberlite Complex, Sierra Leone: Geological Setting, Petrology and Mineral chemistry
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
KIMBERLITE PETROGRAPHY
NODULES
PETROLOGY AND MINERAL CHEMISTRY
GEOTHERMOMETRY - GEOBAROMETRY
DISCUSSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Chapter 8. Petrography, Geochemistry and Strontium isotopic composition of the Mbuji-Mayi and Kundelungu Kimberlites (Zaire)
1. INTRODUCTION
2. ANALYTICAL METHODS
3. PETROGRAPHY
4. MAJOR ELEMENT COMPOSITION
5. STRONTIUM ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION
6. TRACE ELEMENT GEOCHEMISTRY
7. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 9. Kimberlites near Orroroo, South Australia
1. INTRODUCTION
2. AGE
3. PETROGRAPHY
4. KIMBERLITE MATRIX MINERAL CHEMISTRY
5. HEAVY MINERAL CONCENTRATES AND MINERAL CHEMISTRY
6. DIAMONDS
7. DIAMOND INCLUSION MINERALOGY AND CHEMISTRY
8. WHOLE-ROCK GEOCHEMISTRY
9. RELATED INTRUSIVES
10. DISCUSSION
11. CONCLUSIONS
12. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Chapter 10. The Lake Ellen Kimberlite, Michigan, U.S.A.
INTRODUCTION
MEGACRYST-XENOCRYST SUITE
LITHIC INCLUSIONS
TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE CONSIDERATIONS
CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 11. Petrology of Megacrysts, mafic and ultramafic xenoliths from the Pipe of Eglazines, Causses, France
I. INTRODUCTION
II. THE BASALT, DESCRIPTION, CRYSTALLIZATION CONDITIONS
Ill. PYROXENE MEGACRYSTS
IV. PYROXENITES
V. PERIDOTITES XENOLITHS
VI. CONCLUSION
Chapter 12. Oceanic carbonatites
1. INTRODUCTION
2. PETR0L0GICAL CHARACTERISTICS
3. GEOCHEMISTRY
4. FENITIZATION
5. CARBONATES
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Part III: Kimberlites and Lamproites: General Syntheses
Chapter 13. Kimberlites in China and their major components: a discussion on the physico-chemical properties of the upper mantle
1. KIMBERLITES AND THEIR GEOLOGIC BACKGROUND
2. MINERALOGY OF THE KIMBERLITES
3. STRUCTURE AND TEXTURE OF KIMBERLITIC ROCKS AND THEIR MINERALS
4. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF KIMBERLITES
5. ISOTOPE AGE OF KIMBERLITES
6. PROPOSED MODELS FOR THE ASCENT OF KIMBERLITIC MAGMA
7. THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE UPPER MANTLE
8 SUMMARY
Chapter 14. A review of the kimberlitic rocks of western Australia
1. INTRODUCTION
2. EXPLORATION METHODS AND RESULTS
3. STRUCTURAL SETTING
4. GEOLOGY OF OCCURRENCES
5. PETROGRAPHY AND MINERALOGY
6. GEOCHEMISTRY
7. DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS
8. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 15. The Diamond-bearing ultrapotassic (lamproitic) rocks of the West Kimberley region, Western Australia
INTRODUCTION
DISTRIBUTION AND AGE
GEOLOGY OF THE INTRUSIONS
DEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION OF LAMPROITE
PETROGRAPHY
MINERAL CHEMISTRY
GEOCHEMISTRY
PETROGENESIS
LAMPROITES, KIMBERLITES AND DIAMONDS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 16. A New Look at Prairie Creek, Arkansas
1 INTRODUCTION
2 PETROGRAPHY
3 MINERAL CHEMISTRY
4 WHOLE ROCK GEOCHEMISTRY
5 DISCUSSION
6 CONCLUSIONS
7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 17. Spanish and Western Australian lamproites: aspects of whole rock geochemistry
1 . INTRODUCTION
2. PETROGRAPHIC SUMMARY
3. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
4. RARE EARTH ELEMENTS
5. ISOTOPE DATA AND CONCLUSIONS
Part IV: Kimberlites: Physical and Chemical Processes
Chapter 18. Explosive volcanism of the West Eifel volcanic field/Germany
INTRODUCTION
THE WEST EIFEL MAARS
VOLCANIC SYSTEMS
SCORIA CONES WITH INITIAL MAAR
CONCLUSIONS AND COMPARISONS
Chapter 19. Physics of the kimberlite magmatism
1 INTRODUCTION
2 SOURCES OF THE KIMBERLITE MAGMATISM
3 MECHANISM OF CRACK PROPAGATION
4 VELOCITY OF CRACK PROPAGATION
5 THE ROLE OF VOLATILES IN THE ASCENT OF KIMBERLITES
6 ORIGIN OF SHEARED XENOLITHS
7 REPETITIVE CHARACTER OF THE KIMBERLITE MAGMATISM AND ITS EVOLUTION
8 CONCLUSION
Chapter 20. Kimberlite: "The Mantle Sample" formed by ultrametasomatism
1 INTRODUCTION
2 MANTLE SOURCE AND KIMBERLITE PRODUCT
3 MELT PRODUCTION AND SEGREGATION
4 NON-UNIFORMITY OF SOURCE
5 SUMMARY
Chapter 21. Subsolidus reactions in kimberlitic ilmenites: exsolution, reduction and the redox state of the mantle
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
SAMPLE DESCRIPTIONS AND LOCATIONS
MINERAL CHEMISTRY
ILMENITE-SPINEL RELATIONS
TEMPERATURES AND OXYGEN FUGACITIES
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Chapter 22. An experimental and theoretical analysis of partial melting in the system KAlSi04- CaO- MgO- Si02- C02 and applic
1 INTRODUCTION
2 EXPERIMENTAL METHODS
3 RESULTS
4 LIQUID COMPOSITIONS
5 MAGMA GENESIS
6 CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 23. The formation of kelyphite and associated sub-kelyphitic and sculptured surfaces on pyrope from kimberlite
1 INTRODUCTION
2 PETROGRAPHY OF KELYPHITE
3 OBSERVATIONS ON GARNET FROM KIMBERLITE CONCENTRATES
4 SOME PECULIARITIES OF KELYPHITIZED PERIDOTITIC GARNET
5 ORIGINS FOR KELYPHITE AND CORONAS
6 SCULPTURING OF GARNET FROM KIMBERLITE
7 CONCLUSIONS
8 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 24. Compositions of fluids in equilibrium with peridotite: implications for alkaline magmatism-metasomatism
1 INTRODUCTION
2 FLUIDS: VOLATILE SPECIES
3 FLUIDS: DISSOLVED SOLIDS
4 PETROLOGIC APPLICATIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Chapter 25. Kimberlite and the evolution of the Mantle
1 INTRODUCTION
2 THE DEPLETED RESERVOIR
3 THE ENRICHED RESERVOIR
4 THE KIMBERLITE-MORB CONNECTION
5 THE KIMBERLITE-KREEP RELATION
6 DISCUSSION
7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 26. Volume in stabilities in the mantle as a possible source for kimberlite formation
1 INTRODUCTION
2 DISSOLVING FLUIDS
3 ERUPTION MODEL
Chapter 27. Kimberlitic magmatism in the eastern united states: relationships to mid-atlantic tectonism
INTRODUCTION
GENERAL GEOLOGY
AGES
GEOTHERMOBAROMETRY
DISCUSSION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Chapter 28. Kimberlites of Southern Africa - Are They Related To Subduction Processes?
1 INTRODUCTION
2 SHALLOW OR LOW-ANGLE SUBDUCTION
3 LOW-ANGLE SUBDUCTION UNDER SOUTHERN AFRICA?
4 KIMBERLITES AND SHALLOW SUBDUCTION
5 ULTRAMAFIC XENOLITHS AND DIAMONDS
REFERENCES