This book traces the life and scientific career of Dr. John Hughlings Jackson (1835-1911), the English physician who pioneered the development of neurology as a medical specialty during the reign of Queen Victoria. Jackson made a number of scientific discoveries in several areas of higher nervous activity and language, and contributed greatly to the study of various types of epilepsy. He isolated the form of epilepsy associated with localized convulsive seizures, known as Jacksonian epilepsy. His research on epilepsy stretched across a broad spectrum and included uncinate attacks, intellectual aurae, and many other manifestations, which are now collectively covered by the term temporal lobe epilepsy. He was also among the first to recognize the pattern of disease of the cerebellum.Jackson's research was not limited to epilepsy, and encompassed studies in aphasia and neuro-ophthalmology. Following the concepts of the philosopher Herbert Spencer, Jackson devised a hierarchy of the nervous system with positive and negative manifestations of neurological activity. His work was based on a detailed, insightful evaluation of the clinical symptoms of diseases of the brain, coupled with meticulous, repeated studies of their phenomena. Jackson's observations of localized brain lesions led to the first cases of neurosurgical ablation of brain tumours. Much of his original work still forms the foundation of our contemporary understanding of the dissolution of language caused by disease.A straightforward, comprehensive account of the life of an eminent physician, John Hughlings Jackson: Father of English Neurology is written as a monument to a man who aroused the deepest respect and affection in his students and colleagues. Neurologists, neurosurgeons, psychiatrists, pathologists, neuroscientists, residents and medical students will find this book a source of inspiration, and will relish its rare description of medicine in 19th century England.
Author(s): Macdonald Critchley, Eileen A. Critchley
Edition: 1
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Year: 1998
Language: English
Pages: 256
Contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 10
1. The Jackson Family Background......Page 14
2. Maternal Ancestry—the Hughlings......Page 22
3. Early Education and Life As a Medical Student......Page 36
4. Leaving Yorkshire for London......Page 48
5. The Cholera Epidemic in London, 1862......Page 54
6. First Neurological Papers......Page 58
7. Herbert Spencer, Evolution and Dissolution, and the Hierarchy of the Nervous System......Page 66
8. The Epilepsies......Page 74
9. Jackson's Writings on the Falling Sickness Reviewed......Page 86
10. Jackson As Morbid Anatomist......Page 92
11. The Cerebellum......Page 112
12. Aphasia: The Early Researches of Broca and Jackson......Page 120
13. Further Work on Aphasia......Page 126
14. Jackson's Final Writings on Aphasiology......Page 134
15. Reviews by Freud, Gowers, Head and Others......Page 146
16. Pierre Marie, the Iconoclast and Later Writers on the Breakdown of Language......Page 160
17. Jackson's Achievements Assessed by Other Neurologists......Page 176
18. Foundation of Brain and the Hughlings Jackson Lectures......Page 186
19. Jackson the Man......Page 190
20. Marriage, Bereavement and Honours......Page 200
21. Tributes......Page 216
Notes......Page 226
A......Page 244
B......Page 245
D......Page 246
F......Page 247
H......Page 248
J......Page 249
L......Page 252
O......Page 253
R......Page 254
S......Page 255
W......Page 256
Z......Page 257
