Introduction to Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: Dispensing, Delivery, Targeting and Regulations of Biotechnological Products

PRELIMS.pdf
Preface
Acknowledgements
Author biography
Saurabh Bhatia
CH001.pdf
Chapter 1 Introduction to animal tissue culture science
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Historical background
1.3 Types of cell cultures
1.4 Primary cell culture
1.4.1 Mechanical disaggregation
1.4.2 Enzymatic disaggregation
1.4.3 Primary explant technique
1.5 Segregation of non-viable cells from viable cells
1.6 Ethical issues in animal tissue culture
1.7 Safety considerations in animal tissue culture
1.8 Cell lines (first subculture or passage)
1.8.1 Types of cell lines
1.8.2 Standard nomenclature of cell lines
1.8.3 Cell line selection
1.8.4 Verification of a cell line
1.8.5 Characterization of cell lines
1.8.6 Misidentification of cell lines
1.8.7 Maintenance of a cell line
1.9 Subculture
1.9.1 Monolayer cultures
1.9.2 Procedures for cell detachment
1.10 Suspension cultures
1.10.1 Cell synchronization
1.10.2 Cell synchronization by chemical means
1.10.3 Cell synchronization by physical means
1.11 Algal extracts in animal tissue culture
1.12 Animal and plant tissue culture
1.13 Biomaterials and animal tissue culture
1.14 Nanotechnology and biotechnology
References
CH002.pdf
Chapter 2 Organ culture
2.1 Organ culture
2.1.1 Organ culture techniques
2.1.2 Plasma clot
2.1.3 Raft methods
2.1.4 Grid method
2.1.5 Agar gel
2.1.6 Cyclic exposure to the medium and gas phase
2.2 Histotypic culture
2.2.1 Gel and sponge technique
2.2.2 Hollow fiber technique
2.2.3 Spheroids
2.2.4 Rotating chambers
2.3 Artificial skin
References
CH003.pdf
Chapter 3 Stem cell culture
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Embryonic stem cells
3.3 Epithelial stem cells
3.3.1 Stratified epithelial cell culture
3.3.2 Columnar epithelial cell culture
3.4 Cancer cell culture
3.5 Maintenance of stem cells
3.6 Adult stem cells
3.7 Applications of cultured stem cells
3.7.1 Stem cell applications in regenerative medicine and disease therapeutics
3.7.2 Other applications
References
CH004.pdf
Chapter 4 Culture media for animal cells
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 Natural media
4.1.2 Artificial media
4.2 Physical and chemical properties of culture media
4.2.1 pH
4.2.2 Oxygen
4.3 Balanced salt solutions (BSS)
4.4 Growth medium
4.4.1 The role of amino acids in animal culture
4.4.2 Vitamins
4.4.3 Micro-nutrients
4.4.4 Glucose
4.4.5 Hormones and growth factors
4.4.6 Additional organic supplements
4.5 Serum
4.5.1 Proteins
4.5.2 Nutrients and metabolites
4.5.3 Growth factors
4.5.4 Hormones
4.5.5 Carrier proteins
4.5.6 Lipids and related components
4.5.7 Transition metals
4.5.8 Vitamins
4.5.9 Polyamines
4.5.10 Reducing agents
4.5.11 Additives
4.5.12 Adhesion factors
4.6 Bioreactors in animal tissue culture
4.7 Serum-free media
4.7.1 Preparation of serum-free media
References
CH005.pdf
Chapter 5 Animal tissue culture facilities
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Infrastructural requirements
5.3 Equipment
5.4 Culture vessels
5.4.1 Materials used for culture vessels
5.4.2 Types of culture vessel
5.4.3 Cell culture vessel treatment
5.4.4 Non-adhesive substrates
5.5 Sterilization procedures in animal tissue cultures
5.5.1 Biological contamination
5.6 Aseptic conditions
5.7 Sterilization procedures
5.7.1 Dry heat sterilization/depyrogenation
5.7.2 Chemical methods of sterilization
5.7.3 Filtration
5.7.4 Moist heat sterilization
5.8 Advantages and disadvantages of animal tissue culture
5.9 Safety regulations for animal tissue culture laboratories
5.9.1 Biohazards
References
CH006.pdf
Chapter 6 Characterization of cultured cells
6.1 Introduction
6.1.1 Calcium-dependent proteins (cadherins)
6.1.2 Calcium-independent proteins
6.1.3 Proteoglycans
6.2 Cell proliferation, differentiation and metabolism
6.3 Characterization of cultured cells
6.4 Parameters of characterization
6.4.1 DNA profiling or analysis of gene expression
6.4.2 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or chromosome painting
6.4.3 Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) analysis
6.4.4 Lineage or tissue markers
6.4.5 Unique markers
6.4.6 Transformation
6.5 Characterization of stem cells
6.5.1 Comparative genomic hybridization
6.5.2 Epigenetic profiling
6.5.3 Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
6.5.4 Karyotyping
6.5.5 Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis
6.5.6 Pluripotency markers (proteins)
6.5.7 Stem cell arrays
6.5.8 Flow cytometry
6.6 Applications of animal cell cultures
6.6.1 Biopharmaceuticals from animal tissue culture
6.6.2 High value proteins
6.6.3 Co-culturing of mammalian cells and algae
References
CH007.pdf
Chapter 7 Role of pharmacists in delivering biotechnological products
7.1 Introduction
7.2 The role of the pharmacist
7.3 The route of administration for biopharmaceuticals
7.4 Development of biopharmaceuticals
7.5 Basic requirements for biotechnology based products
7.6 Strategies adopted by pharmacists for dealing with biopharmaceuticals
7.6.1 Utilization of hematopoietic growth factors
7.6.2 Training for intramuscular administration
7.6.3 Pegnology and biopharmaceuticals
7.6.4 Biopharmaceutical distribution and preparation
7.6.5 Distribution
7.6.6 Excretion
7.6.7 Metabolism/catabolism
7.6.8 Anti-drug antibodies
7.6.9 Glycosylation
7.6.10 Toxicology
7.7 Protein crystals for the delivery of biopharmaceuticals
7.8 Patient care, education, training and follow-up
7.9 Physical factor assessment (related to the serious medical history of the patient)
7.10 Emotional and environmental factor assessment
7.11 Knowledge of products and suitable delivery systems
7.12 Preservatives and biopharmaceuticals
7.13 Dosing schedules
7.14 Education regarding adverse effects and prevention strategies for most biopharmaceuticals
7.15 Treatment with adjuvant
7.16 Dosage errors
7.17 Proper supply
7.18 Familiarity with terminology and the biotechnological literature
7.19 Dealing with expensive biopharmaceuticals
7.20 Generic biopharmaceuticals
7.21 Collaboration between pharmacies, wholesalers and manufacturers
7.22 Reimbursement issues and biopharmaceuticals
7.23 Third party reimbursement issues with biopharmaceuticals
7.24 Affordable therapy and biopharmaceuticals
7.25 Information on the right reimbursement policy for biopharmaceuticals
7.26 Direct reimbursement of biopharmaceuticals
7.27 Dispensing fee reimbursement when dealing with biopharmaceuticals
7.28 Proper refrigeration of biopharmaceuticals
7.29 Stock management of biopharmaceuticals
7.30 Drug loss due to premature discontinuation of medications
7.31 The future pharmacist who can efficiently deal with biopharmaceuticals
7.32 Stability issues of biopharmaceuticals
References