Introduction to Nursing Research: Incorporating Evidence-Based Practice

Introduction to Nursing Research Incorporating Evidence-Based Practice......Page 1
Half Title Page......Page 2
The Pedagogy......Page 3
Title Page......Page 6
Copyright......Page 7
Brief Contents......Page 8
Contents......Page 10
Preface......Page 14
Acknowledgments......Page 16
Contributors......Page 18
Introduction......Page 20
Providing a Line of Reasoning for EBP and Evidence-Based Research......Page 22
Assessing the Need for Research in the Practice Arena......Page 26
The Importance of Generating Evidence......Page 38
Obstacles to Using Research......Page 40
Responsibility for Using Research......Page 43
Summary Points......Page 44
Introduction......Page 50
Foundations for EBP......Page 54
Qualities of Evidence......Page 60
Evidence Grading Methods......Page 66
Conclusion......Page 71
Summary Points......Page 72
Historical Perspective......Page 80
Theory, Research, and Practice......Page 86
Sources for Nursing Research......Page 89
Summary Points......Page 90
Introduction......Page 98
History of Quality Improvement......Page 99
Sources of Quality Improvement......Page 100
Settings......Page 103
Application of QI......Page 104
Summary Points......Page 106
Chapter 5 Ethics for Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice......Page 110
Ethical Theories......Page 111
Historical Overview......Page 114
Research Ethics: Progress in the 21st Century......Page 116
Environment for Ethical Research......Page 117
Developing Researchable Questions......Page 121
Participant Recruitment and Informed Consent......Page 122
Data Collection and Data Analysis......Page 124
External Pressures......Page 125
EBP and Ethical Implications......Page 126
Emerging Ethical Issues in Research, EBP, and QI......Page 129
Summary Points......Page 131
Chapter 6 Asking the Right Question......Page 140
Identifying Researchable Problems......Page 141
Determining the Significance of the Problem......Page 143
Examining the Feasibility of the Problem......Page 144
Addressing Nursing Research Priorities......Page 145
Research Question......Page 146
Hypotheses......Page 151
Defining Variables for the Study......Page 153
Summary Points......Page 154
Chapter 7 Literature Review: Searching and Writing the Evidence......Page 160
Definition and Purpose of the Literature Review......Page 161
The Literature Review Within the EBP and/or Research Process......Page 163
Differentiating a Research Article from a Nonresearch Article......Page 165
Conducting a Literature Review Search......Page 166
The Research Idea: First Step......Page 167
The Research Question: Second Step......Page 168
Databases Useful in Nursing......Page 169
Basics of Searching......Page 172
Evaluating the Literature......Page 176
Writing the Literature Review......Page 181
Summary Points......Page 184
Chapter 8 Quantitative Research Design......Page 190
Characteristics of Quantitative Research Design......Page 191
Descriptive Design......Page 193
Experimental Design......Page 194
Nonexperimental Design......Page 195
Time-Dimensional Design......Page 196
Quasi-Experimental Design......Page 197
Research Design, Quality Improvement Projects, and Root Cause Analysis......Page 199
Evidence-Based Considerations......Page 200
Summary Points......Page 201
Chapter 9 Qualitative and Mixed Research Methods......Page 208
Qualitative Research......Page 209
Comparing Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods......Page 210
Approaches to Qualitative Research......Page 211
Sampling Strategies in Qualitative Research......Page 215
Approaches to Qualitative Data Collection......Page 216
Approaches to Qualitative Data Analysis......Page 217
Methodological Rigor in Qualitative Research......Page 218
Understanding and Using Qualitative Study Results......Page 219
Mixed Methods Research......Page 220
Types of Mixed Method Strategies......Page 224
Data Collection Procedures......Page 225
Data Analysis and Validation Procedures......Page 227
Conclusion......Page 228
Summary Points......Page 230
Chapter 10 Population Management......Page 242
Introduction......Page 243
Why Sample?......Page 244
Whom to Sample?......Page 245
How to Sample?......Page 246
How Many to Sample?......Page 250
Specific EBP Considerations......Page 253
Summary Points......Page 255
Overview of Data Collection Methods and Sources......Page 262
Accessible Data Versus New Data......Page 264
Key Categories of Data for Nursing Studies......Page 265
Significant Facets of Data Collection Schemes......Page 266
Test Methods......Page 267
Questionnaire Methods......Page 268
Interview Methods......Page 272
Focus Group Methods......Page 273
Observation Methods......Page 275
Secondary (Existing) Data Methods......Page 277
Biophysiological Methods......Page 279
Systematic Analysis......Page 280
EBP Considerations......Page 282
Summary Points......Page 283
Chapter 12 Reliability, Validity, and Trustworthiness......Page 290
Introduction......Page 291
Reliability as a Concept......Page 293
Forms of Reliability......Page 294
Validity......Page 307
Conclusion......Page 312
Summary Points......Page 313
Introduction......Page 320
Quantitative Analysis......Page 322
Qualitative Analysis......Page 334
Quality Assurance......Page 336
Conclusion......Page 337
Summary Points......Page 338
Rationale for Doing a Research Critique......Page 342
Elements of a Research Critique......Page 344
Process for Conducting a Research Critique......Page 349
Critically Assessing Knowledge for Clinical Decision Making......Page 356
The Evidence-Based Appraisal......Page 359
Summary Points......Page 361
Chapter 15 Translational Research, Improvement Science, and Evaluation Research with Practical Applications......Page 366
Translational Research......Page 367
Improvement Science......Page 370
Logic Modeling......Page 371
Action Plans......Page 375
Conclusion......Page 377
Summary Points......Page 378
Introduction......Page 384
Process for EBP......Page 386
Conclusion......Page 392
Summary Points......Page 394
Glossary......Page 406
Index......Page 416