This book teaches the analyst why it is advantageous to obtain vibrational data under different physical phases. Molecular vibrations are affected by change in physical phase, and knowledge of how certain molecular vibrations are affected by change in the chemical environment improves the analyst's ability to solve complex chemical problems. This book is invaluable for students and scientists engaged in analytical and organic chemistry, since application of IR and Raman spectroscopy is essential in identifying and verifying molecular structure. This reference provides analysts with information that enables them to acquire the maximum amount of information when sampling molecular vibrations via IR and Raman spectroscopy. Key Features * Explains why it is advantageous to obtain vibrational data under different physical phases * Compiles many vibrational studies into a single compendium * Lists group frequencies in different physical phases * Reveals that some group frequencies are more affected than others by changes in the physical phase * Demonstrates that in-phase and out-of-phase vibrations of the same functional group are not equally affected * Describes how solute-solvent complexes differ with changes in the solvent system * Shows that the amount of Fermi resonance between a fundamental vibration and a combination or overtone is altered with change of physical phase * Written by an internationally recognized expert
Author(s): Richard A. Nyquist
Edition: 1st
Publisher: Academic Press
Year: 2001
Language: English
Pages: 1068
Volume 1......Page 1
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 3
NYQUIST'S BIOGRAPHY......Page 4
PREFACE......Page 5
INTRODUCTION......Page 6
REFERENCES......Page 8
I. THEORY......Page 9
II. EXAMPLES OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE......Page 10
IV. TEMPERATURE EFFECT......Page 14
Vl. FERMI RESONANCE ( F.R.) AND OTHER FACTORS......Page 15
REFERENCES......Page 16
I. SOLIDS (EXCLUDING SINGLE CRYSTALS)......Page 33
II. LIQUID FILMS AND CAST POLYMER FILMS......Page 35
III. VAPORS AND GASES......Page 36
REFERENCES......Page 38
Ch.3 Alkyl Carbon-Hydrogen Vibrations......Page 39
SUMMARY......Page 40
SODIUM DIMETHYLPHOSPHONATE (CH3)2P(O)2Na......Page 42
REFERENCES......Page 43
Ch.4 Alkenes and Other CompoundsContaining C = C Double Bonds......Page 62
Ch.5 Alkynes and CompoundsContaining C...C Groups......Page 99
Ch.6 1-Halopropadienes and 1-Bromopropadiene- 1d......Page 120
Ch.7 Alcohols and Phenols......Page 129
Ch.8 Aliphatic Amines......Page 146
Ch.9 Arylamines (Anilines), Azines, and Oximes......Page 152
Ch.10 Carboxylic Acids......Page 168
Ch.11 Anhydrides......Page 207
Ch.12 Carboxamides, Ureas, Thioureas, Imidazolidinones, Caffeine, Isocaffeine, Uracils, Imides, Hydantoins, and s-Triazine ( 1H,3H,5H)-Triones......Page 215
Ch.13 Aldehydes......Page 269
Ch.14 Ketones......Page 289
Ch.15 Carboxylic Acid Esters......Page 333
Ch.16 Organic Carbonates, Thiol Carbonates, Chloroformates, Thiol Chloroformates, Acetyl Chloride, Benzoyl Chloride, Carbamates, andan Overview of Solute-Solvent Effects upon Carbonyl Stretching Frequencies......Page 393
List of Tables......Page 422
List of Figures......Page 430
Name index......Page 438
Subject index......Page 441
Ch.1 Epoxides and Ethers......Page 448
Ch.2 Nitriles, Isonitriles, and Dialkyl Cyanamides......Page 474
Ch.3 Azines, Isocyanates, Isothiocyanates, and Carbodiimides......Page 491
Ch.4 Thiols, Sulfides and Disulfides, Alkanethiols, and Alkanedithiols (S-H stretching)......Page 510
Ch.5 Sulfoxides, Sulfones, Sulfates, Monothiosulfates, Sulfonyl Halides, Sulfites, Sulfonamides, Sulfonates, and N-Sulfinyl Anilines......Page 529
Ch.6 Halogenated Hydrocarbons......Page 562
Ch.7 Nitroalkanes, Nitrobenzenes, Alkyl Nitrates, Alkyl Nitrites, and Nitrosamines......Page 615
Ch.8 Phosphorus Compounds......Page 673
Ch.9 Benzene and Its Derivatives......Page 793
Ch.10 The Nyquist Vibrational GroupFrequency Rule......Page 866
Ch.11 Infrared, Raman, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra-Structure Correlations for Organic Compounds......Page 879
List of Tables......Page 1020
List of Figures......Page 1028
Name index......Page 1048
Subject index......Page 1051
